Talking about Uzbekistan I can't not tell about the Uzbek national knife - pacc. Pacc or Print (Uzb. Pichoq - "Knife") - National Knife of the Central Asian Peoples - Uzbeks and Uigur. Traditionally, there has a direct wide blade of carbon steel wedge-shaped sequence with one-sided sharpening, sometimes with a narrow dolt along the course. A thin round in the cross section is attached to the level of the course, slightly expands to the head, sometimes ends with a beak-like impart. It can be made of horns, bones or wood, also set of colored stone. Pacc is worn in wide straight leather sheaths. Common throughout Central Asia with small differences in ornament and proportions.

In Uzbekistan, they are mainly made in the eastern and central part of the country - in Khiva such knives no longer had, only imported. In Bukhara, in the very center of the city, there are several workshops in which the pachacas are made, but the prices here are some kind of beyond, apparently designed for visiting tourists.

Tools in workshop

The main billet for the knife is a car valve, but also do from some cheap stainless steel, but it is the carbon knives that are most of all. There is also a better steel, there is a damask, but prices for such knives are appropriate.

After the forging, the knives get a handle from fiberglass, plexiglas, metal, horns, bones, and then rudely sharpened on a sharpening circle

After polishing, a drawing or inscriptions are often applied to them.

I did not understand why the knife is covered with a thin layer of hot paraffin (?)

He is given to cool

Apparently, in order to then draw a sketch with a special tassel, which in the future will be a drawing or inscription

The final sharpening is made on such a grinding stone.

Sometimes, at the request of the client, appreciate the inscription

Workshop

Well, the knives themselves

I in Tashkent on the market here such a myself bought - a great knife in the farm! Turns about the plug

Hello! The topic of our today's conversation - uzbek national knives, namely - pacquails. One of the main features of these knives is that they all not only have the status of household appointment, but also everywhere used in the household, and often, like kitchen knives. But did they always have the pachacas only a household purpose? And what are their varieties? About this and many other things - you will learn to read the article to the end.

Before we start would like to recommend an excellent weapon online store RosimborPostproven in the market with the best side and being the largest importer traumatic weapons and ammunition. You can get acquainted with the products by going to the catalog of traumatic pistols.

Pacquails: National Pride and Universal Knife

Chicken knives They have Uzbek origin. None of the researchers of cold weapons do not doubt this. This traditional and very distinctive uzbek knifewhich has a special decor, for many hundreds of years is effigured in Uzbekistan.

Modern legislation Translated pacc From discharge cold weapons In the category of knives household. It is recognized that the baking strike of the blade of this type is ineffective. To some extent, the creation of such a blade in antiquity remains, which could be a great view. creeping cold weaponsBut it was intended exclusively for economic purposes.

Features of the design of pshak

The appearance of the pacca is easily recognizable by virtue of its originality of the structure and adorning ornament. The knife is made of blades, handles and sheath. Blinks pchakov Usually have dark color, as a rule, gray, with blue or yellow tint. In the old century to achieve this effect, they were treated in a liquid solution using the composition of clay.

Nowadays for many pacc Began nothing more than the subject of life. For many centuries, he was the subject of male and family pride, a defender and assistant. Claimer-hackers, who were highly appreciated and traditionally lived in the central regions of Asia cities.

The wizard's mushroom blade was blocked out of steel, as a rule, not too high quality. It was associated with massive demand for knives. Dear were not affordable to most citizens. On the high-quality blades, the master has always set print — « tamga«.

A fairly wide pachab blade has a traditional wedge-shaped cross section. Obuch is narrowed to the edge. The blade width emphasizes the thin handle, shifted up so that its top side serves as a continuation of the footage.

The blade of the Uzbek paccquer is three species. This is due to its economic purpose. The most common form Kaike Universal and used by everyone. Caeke's edge Located on the footage or slightly raised above it.

Tolbargi shape Reminds a logist. It is so Uzbek word and translated into Russian. In this type of blade, the volatile, when approaching the edge, slightly lowers down, i.e. The edge is located below the footage. Such a knife uses butchers when cutting a carcass.

Third form Blade, Kazakhcha, give preference fishermen. The line of tea Kazakhchie from the middle of the length forms a smooth recess, climbing to the edge. Turning the knife, this part of the blade with the recess is convenient to remove the scaly.

Variety of pacca

The handle for knives is made of wood and do not decorate. Sometimes they apply a color ornament to " gulband". This element of the pachaca is cast from tin right on the knife in the manufacture. Gulband serves as a section between the blade and handle.

Sop, shank pacca, repeats the shape of the handle, expanding to the side of the screw chakmoka. At the end goes down a hook bending. There are several in the shank teshikov. These are holes through which rivets pass. They are firmly fixed with handlers on both sides.

Before fastening the dice throughout the shank, a special narrow strip of copper or brass is soldered - brink. On handles pacca Always equipped a small removal under the little finger. On the shank, near the blade, on top and bottom there are also small grooves in order to gulband Hold on the metal of the blade.

Hin, scrak scabThey usually performed from a piece of leather or sewed from dense matter. Seam had from the back of the axial line. The knife was deeply inserted into the sheath without applying additional fixation. To prevent cutting scabble masters, wooden, internal safety inserts were made.

The history of the origin of pshak

Uzbek knives pachak occupy a special niche in modern world Cold weapons. It is understood that they are theoretically and historically belong to it, but it is not confirmed by law. At the same time, the history of pschak is much more ancient than some of their "relatives" of other nationalities.

The first samples of Uzbeks pachakov Refer to 4th century BC. They are exhibited in the expositions of museums as artifacts. The narrow blade of these ancient picers with a long and smooth rise to the edge is striking. Scientists explain this by the fact that knives from poor-quality metal were actively used and drove in the process of use.

The volumetric archaeological material was found in the sands, during the excavations of the destroyed old cities or burials of nomads. These findings are dating in the 14th century and differ significantly from the first oldest pcs. Their blades are universal. They were ideally suited for use in the farm, and for use in battle. From this period, the knife shape did not change.

PCHK - symbol and ritual

Unlike our Russian superstitions, in the East, it is customary to give knives for happiness. Acute items acquire in families the strength of protecting amulets, which will distill unhappiness and illness. - not an exception. He was always attributed to the power of the guard. It is also an accessory used in national dance, and an element of social status. According to the type of blade and the wealth of the external finishing, it is possible to unmistakably determine the position of the owner in the public hierarchy. The debate on the origin of the term and the sword itself to this day is conducted in the medium of researchers.

Uzbek, Uygur knives (paccas)

PCHK is a traditional, national knife of Uzbeks and Uigurov. Common throughout Central Asia and not only. His appearance It is also peculiar and easily recognizable, and the form after many years has remained unchanged. Uigur masters have a wider range and more variety in the form of blades. In the standard version of Uzbek and Uygur pichelter with a raised blade (Kaik) and a straight volatory (Tugry), nothing differ from each other. The difference only in handles and inlays.

The wide blade of the pachak was made out of the most different quality. Steel of low quality was used in the manufacture of knives for the poor layers of the population. Highly qualified masters preferred to work on order and made blades only from high-quality hardened steel. The scrak blade was manufactured in different versions, according to its purpose.
The 1st option is the most common, when the tip of the blade is raised up above the burden of the blade of more than 5 mm - "Kaik".

The 2nd version is a knife whose blade with a smooth and straight volatile - "Tugry of Paccs" or, as it is also called, "Kasssob Pacc." This option was intended mainly for butchers.

A feature of the Uzbek and Uygur knife is a thin rounded handle that is attached at the level of the course, expanding to an end. Sometimes the handle ends with a hook-shaped bend. In antiquity, the pacca handle was made from materials available in those days: wood, bones, horns. Nowadays, the variety of materials is much wider. In addition to traditional handle materials, they are made of plexiglas, textolite, brass, copper, and so on.

The shape of the handle is two types:
1) River - this means the lining from 2 sides on the shank. It consists of two dies, which are attached to the shank.
Before fastening the drafts forming the handle, solder the Garda and the shank along the perimeter solder the strip of copper, brass or silver. The dies are fasten with metal or copper rivets. Also, the handle can be a typical, made of colored, precious or semi-precious stones (for example, from Sadafa (Pereramutra).

2) Suhma - i.e. Fully-dying handle. It consists of a whole material that can be inserted into the shank and this is a classic shape in the handle, which is suitable for almost any hand. A variant of the shape of dry dryness is made of horns of different animals, plexiglas, textolite, brass, copper and other materials. Inlaid, materials from color, precious or semi-precious stones can also be used.

In the former times to this day, each respected master necessarily put his stigma on the manufactured high-quality knob, the so-called "Tamga". The main elements of the stigma was Islamic attributes - image of stars and crescent. Modern masters engaged in the manufacture of knives also mark their unique products with the symbols of Islam or put the stamp of cotton, the name of the town where these knives or the house number, where the master lives. But there are masters who do not put stigma, since the work of these masters can be found on unique, clear drawings on the Garda or amazing, high-quality work. Your personal data master, if desired, can enhance the blade from the other side or on the knife handle.

The blade of an expensive pacha is decorated with a national ornament, and the handle - round decorative elements called "Kez" or on the Persian "Chashmak" - which means "eye, eyes", which are manufactured either from non-ferrous or precious metals, or from bone or pearl, which are brought to In the dice handle.

Sheaths for psheck sew from genuine leather or dense matter and decorate precious or semi-precious materials (for example: brass, copper, silver). Inside them there are special wooden inserts, so that when pulling out the knife, the shears remained integer. The sheaths are quite deep, as the pacc is inserted there without additional fixation. As a handle, they are decorated with decorative colored circles, often simply painted paint. Appliqué is used on more expensive products. They also provide a loop that has been in the belt.
In its appointment, the pacc is a household accessory. For home cooking, the most perfect knife. The pacc with the curved tip of "Kaik" more uses hunters, since it is very convenient for removing the skins, and the butchers are for the most part "tugris" for the cutting of the carcass. The pacc is not a combat knife, since the hardness of the blade and sharpening from the footage, reduced to zero, do not allow such serious work, such as planing the metal or to open to them cans or chop bones. For historians and now it remains a mystery, with which the need for the appearance of a knife with a blade form, convenient only for economic activities. Uzbek and Uygur paccqui will definitely become an indispensable assistants in the kitchen. Or are suitable as a gift for a person, history: After all, after touching the pacha, we join the history of the Ancient East.

A great interest for collectors is a Uzbek knife, which is characterized by universality in use, has a richly decorated handle and good quality manufacturing. Such a chic blade will become an excellent gift for everyone who appreciates cold weapons. To date, many varieties of pachak are known - from knives for use in the kitchen, to richly decorated models for collectors.

Description of the knife

The Uzbek knife or as it is also called the pacc is the traditional weapons of the Central Asian peoples, with a wide clin of unusual shape and one-sided sharpening. Such blades are made of high-strength carbon steel, the handle can be made of wood, metal, horns or bones of exotic animals. It is a pacc in direct wide leather sheaths and is popular in the countries of Central Asia, where there are numerous variations of this weapon, characterized by the proportion of blades and ornaments.

The features of the blade include the following:

• Unusual shape of the blade.
• One-sided sharpening.
• Wooden and bone handle.
• Richly decorated handle.

The length of the Uzbek paccus is usually 12-27 cm. The thickness of the handle is 6-7 mm. The cross section of the blade is usually narrowed from the foothold to the blade. The original blade geometry makes it possible to cut food with ease, while the blade is perfectly balanced. It has optimal weight characteristics, conveniently lies in hand, and thanks to the extended handle, people with large and medium in the size of the palm are suitable.

History of creation

Uzbek paccker is a modified Asian knifewhich was known in the IV century before our era. In the future, the spread received several varieties of such weapons, the greatest popularity of which was used by the pacc. Such blade is extremely effective, universal in use and at the same time has an attractive appearance. With the same success, this weapon can be used both in everyday life in the kitchen and are considered as a combat.

According to one version, such a weapon with the original form of the blade appeared during conquest Russian Empire Uzbekistan and all Central Asia. New authorities, fearing unrest and rebellion among the local population, forbade them various types of cold weapons. The unusual form of the blade made it possible to use a knife exclusively for cooking or in everyday life, but for use in combat purposes, such a blade did not fit, it was allowed only in Asia and the Caucasus.

Today, decorative models are most popular that have rich blade threads and original handles made of bones or horns of exotic animals. Earlier, the most high-quality and expensive were the Uzbek knives, which are made by manually masts. Such weapons are manufactured by the largest weapons workshops, which follow a centuries-old tradition, observing all the proportions and features of classical pachak.

Advantages and disadvantages

Collectors appreciate the Uzbek knives for their incredible beauty and energy. The best copies may have a cost of several thousand dollars, they are made by famous masters and are real works of art.

The benefits of these knives include the following:

• Universality use.
• Stylish appearance.
• Durability and durability.

The lack of such blades is the complexity of sharpening, as well as the need for proper arms care. Thus, the pacc is poorly tolerates water, so the blade surface should be wiped dry, which eliminates the formation of rust. It is also necessary to take into account the high cost of such knives, which can reach 50,000 rubles or more.

Design features

A feature of this knife is a handle and a method for fastening decorative linings to the blade. It is for the fulfillment of the handle masters spent most of all forces and time. This Uzbek knife is performed exclusively with a handle of wood or bone. Also appreciated models made from rare animal horns. Different inlays of expensive materials, precious metals and jewelry stones can be used as decoration. The cost of such a knife will directly depend on the complexity of the handle and used to decorate materials.

A classic drawing of a knife for paccas includes the following elements:

Today, several varieties of Uzbek knives are known, which have wide and medium in their size of the blade. Universal working varieties are performed with a length of the blade of 8-9 cm, differ in the quality of sharpening, and due to its original form they are characterized by a magnificent cutting ability. Massive varieties will become an excellent option for bubbling vegetables. They are balanced, well fall into the hand, and their use does not represent much difficulty.

Collectible and working options

It is accepted to divide the Uzbek knife of the pacc, depending on its purpose. Beautifully decorated models that are made of stainless steel are meant to a greater degree for decoration and especially valued at collectors. If you choose a knife for work and use in the economy, then preference gives weapons from heavy-duty carbon steel. In the latter case, the hardening can be performed by the zone, exclusively at the cutting edge of the blade.

In standard working models, the strength indicator is usually 50-54 units, therefore, even despite the use of high carbon steels and the presence of hardening by the blade, to hold a long time the sharpness of the cutting edge is often not possible. For sharpening of the pacckers, special stones and scissors for editing form are used, which makes it possible to simplify the use of such weapons. To increase the strength of carbon steel, it can be oxidized, for which they are immersed in the solution of iron mood or Naparatskaya clay.

Collectible models have a handle, richly decorated with engraving, which is covered with transparent enamel paint. Options are also valued, in which the handles are decorated with birch and pearl inserts. The best masters that work on such a weapon manually leave the so-called Taggo on the blades. This signature-engraving master, which manufactured a specific model. Experienced collectors who are well understood in such a weapon, one engraving will be able to determine the locality where a specific knife was made, and the master who worked on such a weapon.

You need to choose the blade with what is the knife for the paccker, how it will be used. If weapons are required to work in the kitchen, it is preferable to use classic Uzbek pickers, the blade shape is ideal for cutting meat, fruits and vegetables. But collectors choose oldaxic varieties and Uygur knives pcs handmadewhich possess the original appearance, have a rich inlaid on the blades and the handle. They are highly appreciated by weapon lovers.

By purchasing such a knife, it is best to refrain from order in various online stores. Otherwise, you can buy a poor-quality weapon, which not only does not meet all the classical requirements for the Uzbek pacha, but quickly fails and will require sharpening in literally after a few months of use.

Buy Knives best in specialized stores in which you can be completely confident as a suggestion. Collectors acquire them at special auctions and thematic forums. Such blades have all required documents and certificates that allow them to confirm their originality and origin.

The cost of the best models

The cost of the Uzbek knife will depend on the specific model, the material from which it is manufactured, as well as the brand of the manufacturer. The simplest clinics can have a price of 500-1000 rubles. Knives from Uzbekistan, made on all canons, will have already cost 2-3 thousand rubles.

Models that are made by the famous masters of gunsmiths who worked on such blades for many days are estimated at 20-30 thousand rubles or more. Collectors also appreciates the weapon, which turned 100 years and more. Knives are made exclusively manually, have an attractive appearance, which allows them to become a diamond in the collection of each fan of cold weapons.

By purchasing knives, it should be remembered that separate models the blade length exceeds 90 mm. Such blades are already the category of cold weapons with all the limitations arising from here. Their use will represent a certain complexity, so they are in demand only at collectors or by buyers who have appropriate permits for wearing cold weapons.

Uzbek national pickers are universal to use weaponswhich is valued by collectors and are used in everyday life when cooking. It is important to choose such a knife correctly, which is made in compliance with all the requirements for classical models, made of durable carbon steel, which significantly simplifies its subsequent use. It is necessary to take into account all the recommendations on the choice, including to refrain from the purchase of Uzbek pacckers in stores where they do not guarantee high quality weapons.