The new metis-m1 anti-tank gun was adopted by the Russian armed forces. Anti-tank missile system "Metis-M1" (Russia) Complexes of anti-tank guided missiles metis and bassoon

Metis (complex / missile index - 9K115, according to the classification of NATO and the US Defense Ministry - AT-7 Saxhorn ) - Soviet / Russian portable anti-tank missile system company flight with semi-automatic command guidance by wire. Refers to the second generation ATGM. Developed by the Tula Instrument Design Bureau.

The complex is designed to destroy visually observed stationary and moving, with flank speeds up to 60 km / h, armored vehicles and firing points.

The complex includes:

• portable launcher 9P151 with control equipment and a starting mechanism on the machine
• 9M115 missiles in transport and launch containers
• testing equipment and other auxiliary equipment

The 9P151 launcher is foldable, is a 9P152 machine, with a lifting and turning mechanism, on which control equipment is installed - a 9S816 guidance device and a hardware unit. The launcher has a precise targeting mechanism, which reduces the requirements for operator qualifications.

At present, for shooting at night and in smoky conditions, the complex can be equipped with a 1PN86VI "Mulat-115" ("Falcon" 2) thermal imaging sight, developed by NPO GIPO1, with a range of up to 1.5 km.

A complex consisting of one launcher and four missiles is carried in two packs by a two-man crew. Pack N1 weighing 17 kg with a launcher and one TPK with a rocket, pack N2 - with three missiles in TPK weighing 19.4 kg.

Shooting can be conducted from prepared and unprepared positions from a prone position, from a standing trench, as well as from the shoulder. It is possible to shoot from an infantry fighting vehicle or armored personnel carrier and from buildings (in the latter case, about 6 meters of free space at the back is required).

Modifications

"Metis-M" (GRAU index - 9K115-1, according to NATO classification - AT-13 Saxhorn-2) - Russian-made anti-tank missile system. Designed to defeat modern and promising armored vehiclesequipped with reactive armor, fortifications, enemy manpower at any time of the day and in adverse weather conditions. The Metis-M complex was developed at the Instrument-Making Design Bureau (Tula) and entered service in 1992.

The complex "Metis-M" includes:

Launcher 9P151 with a sight - a guidance device, guidance drives and a missile launch mechanism

9M131 missiles placed in TPK

Control and testing equipment 9V12M and 9V81M

It can be equipped with a 1PN86BVI "Mulat-115" thermal imager.

"Metis-M" was adopted as a replacement for the first generation "Metis", as well as the earlier "Fagot" and "Competition". One of the main features of "Metis-M" is the presence, in addition to a rocket with a tandem cumulative warhead, a missile equipped with a warhead of a volumetric explosion (thermobaric warhead), similar to the warhead of the Bumblebee flamethrower.

"Metis-M1" (GRAU index - 9K115-2) - modernization of the Metis-M complex using the 9M131M rocket and the 9P151M launcher.

"Metis-2" (GRAU index - 9K127) - developed in 2008.

Specifications

Video

The 9K115-2 Metis-M portable anti-tank missile system is designed to destroy modern and promising armored vehicles equipped with reactive armor, fortifications, enemy manpower, at any time of the day, in adverse weather conditions.

Created on the basis of the Metis ATGM. The concept of modernization consisted in maximum continuity in ground-based means and ensuring the possibility of using both the standard Metis 9M115 missile and the new modernized 9M131 missile in the complex. Taking into account the prospects for increasing the protection of tanks, the designers drastically increased the dimension of the warhead, moving from the caliber 93mm to the caliber 130mm. Significant improvement tactical and technical characteristics was achieved by increasing the mass and dimensions of the ATGM.

The Metis-M complex was developed at the Instrument Design Bureau (Tula) and entered service in 1992.

Designed to replace the previously created complexes of the second generation "Metis", "Fagot", "Konkurs".

In the west, the complex received the designation AT-13 "Saxhorn".

It was used during the military conflict in Syria in 2012.

For russian army was developed modernized version complex, which received the designation "Metis-M1". The complex (see) has been modernized in order to increase the firing range, increase the power of the warhead and reduce the mass of the launching device, while maintaining all the positive properties of the Metis-M complex.

By order of the Government Russian Federation of November 9, 2015, as well as by the Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of March 2, 2016, the Metis-M1 anti-tank missile system was adopted by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Composition

The complex includes:

launcher 9P151 with a sight - a guidance device, guidance drives and a missile launch mechanism (see photo);

thermal imaging sight 1PN86BVI "Mulat-115";

9M131 missiles placed in transport and launch containers.

control and testing equipment 9V12M and 9V81M;

The wings of the 9M131 rocket are made of thin sheets of steel and open after launch under the influence of their own elastic forces. As in the 9M115 Metis rocket, the adopted technical solutions, in particular the placement of the tracer at the tip of one of the three wing consoles, made it possible to abandon the use of gyro devices, onboard batteries and electronic units. During the flight of the rocket, the tracer moves in a spiral, the ground equipment receives information about the angular position of the ATGM and corrects the commands issued via the wire communication line to the rocket controls.

New powerful tandem cumulative warhead The ATGM of the complex is capable of striking all modern and promising enemy tanks, including those equipped with mounted and built-in reactive armor, lightly armored vehicles, and fortifications. Moreover, a high level of pressure arising during penetration in both axial and radial directions leads to crushing of concrete in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cumulative jet, breaking of the rear layer of the barrier and, as a consequence, a high beyond the barrier action. Thus, the defeat of manpower located behind objects made of concrete monoliths or in structures made of precast concrete with a wall thickness of up to 3 meters is ensured.

In order to expand the range combat use complex "Metis-M" guided missiles 9M131F are equipped with a thermobaric warhead weighing 4.95 kg with a high-explosive action at the level of large-caliber artillery shell, especially effective when shooting at engineering and fortifications. When such a warhead explodes, a shock wave that is more extended in time and space than in conventional explosives is formed. Such a wave spreads in all directions, flows through obstacles, into trenches, through embrasures, etc., striking manpower, even protected by a shelter. In the zone of detonation transformations of the thermobaric mixture, oxygen completely burns out and a temperature develops above 800 ° C.

Placed on a tripod, the launcher can be equipped with a 1PN86-VI "Mulat-115" thermal imaging sight weighing 5.5 kg, which provides target detection at a distance of up to 3.2 km and their identification at a range of 1.6 km, which ensured the launch of missiles at night at maximum range. The dimensions of the thermal imager are 387 * 203 * 90mm. Field of view 2.4 ° * 4.6 °. Battery life is 2 hours. Application temperature range from -40 ° С to + 50 ° С. In order to increase efficiency, a balloon cooling system is used in the sight, which provides an exit to the mode in 8-10 seconds.

The rocket is launched using the starting engine, after which the sustainer solid propellant is launched.

The calculation of the complex consists of two people, one of whom carries a pack N1 weighing 25.1 kg with a launcher and one container with a rocket (see photo), and another pack N2 with two containers with a 28 kg missile (instead of three for the Metis ATGM ). When replacing a TPK with a rocket with a thermal imager, the weight of the pack is reduced to 18.5 kg. The deployment of the complex in a combat position is carried out in 10-20 s, the combat rate of fire reaches 3 rounds per minute.

Along with the main purpose - the use as a wearable complex, "Metis-M" can also be used to arm BMD and BMP.

Shooting can be conducted from prepared and unprepared positions from a prone position, from a standing trench, as well as from the shoulder. Shooting is also possible from buildings (in the latter case, about 2 meters of free space is required behind the launcher).

ATGM "Metis-M1" includes:

• starting device 9P151M;
• missiles 9M131M, 9M131FM (with a thermobaric warhead);
• control and testing equipment 9V569M;
• charger ZU-16-1.

Russian Metis anti-tank missile systems have proven their effectiveness in Syria. Moreover, the ATGM was used not only by the military personnel of the government army, but also by their opponents, who received them as trophies.

According to Vestnik Mordovii, even before the civil war Russia has delivered to Syria about 200 launchers of various modifications of the Metis ATGM and two thousand missiles for them. With the beginning of active hostilities, some of the complexes fell into the hands of militants. It was using the Metis-M that the rebels in early March 2012 managed to destroy the very first plane of government troops at the Abu ad-Dukhur airbase. The missile hit a MiG-23MS fighter standing outside the concrete shelters, which was seriously damaged.

The soldiers of the government army also actively used this complex to destroy armored vehicles and militant vehicles. The Syrian servicemen who used the Metis noted the comparative compactness of the ATGM as its advantages. It is easily transported and disguised. In addition, it has high armor penetration.

Note that the ATGM is quite simple to operate and you can learn how to use it in a few minutes. For example, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin in the spring of 2013, during a visit to the training ground of the 106th Airborne Division, hit a target after 15 minutes of preparation.

The target - a tank with a white spot painted at the most vulnerable point - was at a distance of two kilometers. Dmitry hit the target from the first shot. And he did not just hit the tank, but precisely into that very white spot.

I have never fired from this complex. A short briefing - and managed to hit the target. This complex is quite simple to operate and does not require any special skills. Although I am engaged in shooting, these are different things - to shoot from a rifle or a pistol and an anti-tank complex. However, I got it. Once hit, it means that it is simple, effective, convenient, which means that the military personnel throughout the year urgent service will master it, - Dmitry Rogozin shared his impressions later.

The Metis-M was adopted by the Russian army as a replacement for the first generation Mesis ATGMs, as well as earlier systems such as the Fagot and Konkurs. One of the most important features of the new complex is the use of missiles equipped with a tandem cumulative warhead, as well as missiles equipped with a volumetric explosion warhead or, as they are also called, rockets with a thermobaric warhead. Such rockets are used in the well-known "Bumblebee" hand-held flamethrower.

Along with its main purpose - use as an infantry portable anti-tank complex, "Metis-M" can be used as a guided weapon for BMD and BMP.

Shooting from ATGM "Metis-M" can be conducted from both prepared and not prepared positions. A calculation of two people can fire from a trench while standing, from a prone position, as well as from the shoulder. It is also possible to fire directly from buildings, but in this case the condition must be met, according to which there must be at least two meters of free space behind the launcher.

Help "RG"

The mass of the Metis-M1 launcher is 10 kilograms. The combat crew is two people. The time of bringing into a combat state is 20 seconds. "Metis-M1" is capable of striking armored targets at a distance of 100 meters to 2.5 kilometers. When firing, a rocket - 9M131 (caliber 130 mm) is used. Armor penetration - 850 millimeters. Rate of fire up to three rounds per minute.

ATGM "Metis-M" is designed to destroy armored targets, fortifications, firing points.
Complex composition:

• launcher (9P151);

• guided missiles in containers:

• 9M131 - with a cumulative warhead;

• 9M131F with thermobaric warhead;

ATGM "Metis-M1" - video

• thermal imaging sight (1PN86-VI);

• maintenance facilities;

• educational and training means.

ATGM "Metis-M" complex of the second generation. It has a semi-automatic command control system with the transmission of commands by wire, similar to the control system of the Metis ATGM. The launching device is borrowed from the Metis ATGM.
The “Metis-M” rocket has a simple and reliable design due to the absence of gyroscope and battery electronic units on board.
For multipurpose use, the Metis-M missiles are equipped with two types of warheads:

• cumulative tandem, allowing to hit modern and promising tanks of all armies of the world, as well as fortifications and field structures (bunker, DZOG);

• thermobaric, with a high-explosive and incendiary action of a 155-mm artillery projectile, which allows it to hit powerful fortifications (bunkers, buildings, etc.), lightly armored vehicles and other small targets.

For shooting at night, the Metis-M anti-tank systems are equipped with a thermal imaging sight.

Features ATGM "Metis-M":

• simple, reliable and easy to use;

• quickly (in 15-20 s) is transferred from the traveling position to the combat position and back;

• has a rate of fire - 3-4 rounds per minute;

• allows firing from prepared and unprepared positions from a prone position, from a standing trench, from various combat vehicles, as well as from the shoulder with a Metis missile;

• equipped with mechanisms for precise targeting, which reduces the requirements for operator qualifications;

• small dimensions and weight make it possible to carry ATGMs in packs, while in pack number 1 a launcher with a missile in a firing position or a thermal imaging sight is transferred, in pack number 2 there are two Metis-M missiles;

• the complex is hermetically sealed - with it you can overcome water obstacles;

• can be transported by any means of transport, placed on light vehicles such as "jeep", as well as airborne.

Maintenance of ATGMs in the troops is carried out both in the field and in stationary conditions (bases, arsenals). For maintenance of the launcher and thermal imaging sight, test equipment (KPA) is used
KPA launcher (9B569) consists of two control devices: KP1 and KP2. In the field, the serviceability of the launcher is checked with a portable device KP1. In stationary conditions, the check of the thermal imaging sight and the electronic equipment of the starting device is carried out by the KP2 control device.
The serviceability of the thermal imaging sight is checked using a separate KPA kit both in the field and in stationary conditions.
Guided missiles of the "Metis-M" complex during operation and storage do not require maintenance and inspection.

The performance characteristics of the Metis-M ATGM

Photo of the missile launch ATGM "Metis-M"

In 1978, the "Fagot" was supplemented with the light ATGM 9K115 "Metis" (AT-7 Saxhorn) - a means of company subordination, created by the same Tula Instrument Design Bureau.

ATGM consists of TPK with ATGM 9M115 and PU 9P151. PU is assembled on a folding tripod. The sight-aiming device is a periscopic, cranked design with an adjustable eyepiece position and a magnification of 6x, mounted on the left side below the guide. A container with control equipment is placed under the rail. The launcher has guidance handwheels, the trigger mounted on the left side of the launcher is equipped with a flag safety catch. The legs of the PU machine are hinged with clamps.

Anti-tank missile system Metis-M

The container with the 9M115 ATGM is attached to the rail. The ATGM is built according to the aerodynamic "canard" design, has a three-blade folding wing in the tail section, two rudders in the head, a cumulative warhead, a main engine with nozzles on the sides of the rocket, a spinning coil with a wire. Before the ATGM takes off, the container lids are kicked out.

A crew of two people transfers the complex in two back packs weighing 24.5 (a launcher with one ATGM ready for launch) and 19 kg (two ATGMs). Wearable ammunition - 3-4 ATGM In battle, the operator is usually placed in a prone position to the left of the launcher.

ATGM "Metis-M" received a new ATGM 9M116. In 1994, the 9M131 appeared with a tandem warhead. In the equipment compartment in the bow there is a precharge, behind it is the propulsion system, then - the main shaped charge. This separation of charges provides the required focal distance from the main charge to the armor from the moment of detonation. Warhead weight - 5 kg. The firing range increased to 1500 m, armor penetration - from 460 to 850-900 mm. To combat fortifications, manpower in shelters and light armored vehicles, a missile with a high-explosive warhead of thermobaric action (the so-called volumetric explosion) can be used.

A thermal imaging sight "Mulat-115" (1PN86-VI and V1) developed by NPO GIPO was installed on the launcher. The sight operates in the wavelength range of 8-13 microns, has a mass of 5.5-7.5 kg, target detection range of 3200 m, recognition range - 1600 m, field of view 2.4x4.6 degrees, dimensions of the electronic-optical unit 387x203x90 mm. The sight is mounted on the PU swivel on the left-bottom of the hardware unit.

In the stowed position, the Metis-M ATGM is carried in two packs - No. 1 weighing 24.5 kg (PU and ATGM) and No. 2 weighing 28.6 kg (two ATGMs).

The Metis can even be used to fire at low hovering helicopters.

Characteristics of "Metis" / "Metis-M"

Control system - semi-automatic, by wire

PU weight - 10 kg

Maximum firing range - 1000/1500 m Minimum firing range - 40/80 m Average flight speed ATGM - 180 m / s ATGM caliber - 94/130 mm ATGM weight with TPK - 6.3 / 13.8 kg Armor penetration (normal) - 460 / 850-900 mm Length of ATGM with TPK - 740/910 mm Technical rate of fire - 4-5 rds / min Angles of guidance in azimuth - + 20 degrees in a fixed position or ZbO degrees

Elevation guidance angles - + 15 degrees