Crimea weather conditions for the year. All about the Crimea. When is the best time to relax in Crimea

08.10.2014

The geographical position and landscape of the Crimean peninsula determined the uniqueness of its climate. On the territory of Crimea, scientists distinguish 3 macro-regions (steppe, mountain, southern coast) and 20 micro-regions. There is almost everything that exists on the planet - seas, mountains, meadows, steppes and forests, which is why nature is so rich, diverse and contrasting.

Crimea is famous for the abundance of sunlight and warmth both in summer and in winter, which creates excellent conditions for tourism, recreation and treatment, but it is useful to familiarize yourself with some of the characteristics of the local climate in order to choose the most favorable period for the trip. This information is especially necessary for those who are planning a family vacation in Crimea. . Crimea is so diverse that seasonal changes and natural phenomena in different parts of the peninsula differ.

Weather in Crimea in winter

In winter, there is a sharp drop in air temperature and strong northeasterly winds, especially often in the steppe regions and northeastern parts mountain range. At the same time, masses affect the southwestern regions of the mountains warm air Mediterranean cyclones.

In general, winters are quite warm and humid, with frequent thaws and precipitation. Snow cover persists in different ways, and the average indicators are as follows: in the mountains - from 70 to 90 days, in the foothills - up to 40 days, on the plain - about 20 - 30 days, on the coast - no more than 10 - 20 days.

Weather in Crimea in spring

Spring is passing quite rapidly. In the central regions of Crimea, it gets noticeably warmer already in February-March, and on the coasts, these changes occur 1.5-2 months later. Because solar heat is spent on heating huge masses of water in the Black and Azov Seas. For the same reason, spring on the peninsula is colder than autumn.

Weather in Crimea in summer

The weather, corresponding to the summer parameters, is set on the territory of the peninsula at different times and is also not the same. On the southern coast of Crimea, summer often begins on May 10-11 and ends after 150-160 days. In mountainous areas, the beginning of summer should be expected no earlier than the first decade of July (in some years there is no summer season at all), in other areas of Crimea, summer comes in the second half of May and lasts 130 - 140 days.

This time of the year is characterized by thunderstorms and heavy but short rains. Clear and hot days prevail, and the winds are not too strong and are represented by local breezes, slope and mountain-valley winds.

Weather in Crimea in autumn

Most of the autumn in Crimea, as a rule, the weather is sunny, quiet and rather warm. Compared to spring rates, in the central regions the air temperature is higher by 2-3 ° C, and on the coast by 4-5 ° C. Only in the second half of November the weather changes sharply due to the transition of atmospheric flows to the winter type of circulation.

Air temperature in Crimea

In all regions of Crimea, it is coldest in January and February, and July is usually the warmest month. On average, the lowest and highest temperatures are:

January: min - highlands (up to -4 ° C), max - south coast (up to +5 ° C).
July: highlands up to + 16 ° C, in most other areas up to + 24 ° C

Frosts are likely on mountain peaks and valleys for about 160 days per year, and the southern Crimean coast is practically not susceptible to them - in this region, from 240 to 260 frost-free days.

Depending on the location, the air temperature can vary greatly throughout the day: it is the lowest in the predawn hours, and the highest in the period from 12:00 to 14:00. Daily fluctuations are most noticeable in the valleys and foothills, to a lesser extent - on the heights and the sea coast.

In the steppe regions, the difference between pre-dawn and midday temperatures can reach 26 ° C, and in other areas of Crimea - 20 ° C.

Precipitation in Crimea

In general, Crimea is experiencing a lack of moisture, and precipitation is very unevenly supplying water to its territory. The average number of rainy days per year: 80 - 130 in the steppes, 150 - 170 in the mountainous regions. During the summer period on the peninsula no more than 5 - 10 rainy days per month. The rains, however, are torrential, which is fraught with mudflows on mountain rivers. The most mudflow-prone area is from Alushta to Sudak.

In the steppe and foothill areas, precipitation occurs more often in the first two summer months. On the south coast, most of the precipitation occurs in the first two months of winter. Relatively even precipitation throughout the year occurs only on the western and eastern coasts.

The air on the Crimean peninsula in summer is quite dry, so vacationers are much more comfortable here than on the Caucasian coast, where the humidity often reaches 75% during the daytime.

The most favorable climate is of the Mediterranean type - on the southern coast of Crimea: the mountains do not allow cold northern winds here, and the Black Sea is a powerful heat regulator, warming this fertile land in winter time and saving from the painful heat of the summer.

The duration of the swimming season depends on the characteristics of a particular coastal region of the peninsula and may vary in different years, even in the same area. These are, in short, the peculiarities of the Crimean climate.

Every place on the planet has its own uniqueness and personality. Some are famous for their architecture, others for their traditions. For the third, the climate is a recognizable feature. Crimea is just such a place with unique, peculiar and multifaceted climatic conditions... This is perhaps one of the few places on Earth where three types of climate are combined.

Many say that Crimea is a small planet on a big one. It is here that you can observe many natural and weather phenomena. The peninsula is surrounded by mountains, washed by warm sea \u200b\u200bwatersare dotted with green plains. What is the climate in Crimea, and why is it so unique?

Steppe Crimea

Climatologists distinguish three types of climate: steppe, mountain and south coast. Each of the districts differs from each other in temperature, rainfall, weather characteristics. Climate variability depends not only on the distance from the water depths, but also on the height above sea level. All these indicators significantly change the climatic character of these places.

Atmosphere pressure

Despite the diversity and variability of the climate in Crimea, perhaps only atmosphere pressure... Regardless of the area, the average varies from 758 mm (in summer) to 765.5 mm (in winter).

Temperature and climate in Crimea by months

It's warm enough in January. Frosts are rare here, as is snow. In the southern regions, the thermometer table does not drop below +15 degrees, and in the north up to +5 degrees. Due to the high enough temperature, the rare snow that falls out quickly melts and disappears in a matter of hours.

The coldest climate is observed in February. Crimea in the northern mountainous regions is covered with a blanket of snow, and in the south the sea begins to freeze. Although the most low temperature at this time it is not lower than -4. At this time, a storm can often be observed at sea. The water temperature is about three degrees.

The spring months are characterized by a sharp increase in daytime temperatures (up to +20), but they reserve the right for cold nights. In mid-April, a light fragrant breeze blows from the sea, and in May the mountain peaks are already beginning to cover with light green. In mid-May, you can already observe green flowering meadows and bright colorful mountain hills.

Climatologists recognized the month of July as the most comfortable in terms of summer temperatures. Water heats up to +26 degrees, and air to +28. This time is the peak of tourism and the influx of tourists.

If you want real heat, heat and water in the sea, which resembles "fresh milk", then it is better to come to Crimea in mid-August. Even the nights do not bring the long-awaited coolness at this time. The mark on the thermometer scale does not fall below +35 degrees. The sea at this time is almost always calm and peaceful. There are no thunderstorms in the mountains, no storm, no fog.

September is not called "velvet" for nothing. At this time in Crimea, the air temperature is comfortable (+ 24-26) and the water is warm (+ 25-25). The nights are getting chilly.

Will the cold come?

Despite warm weather, in October the sea becomes quite cold (+ 15-17). Few will swim in such water. The winds begin to blow no longer gentle and warm, but cool and refreshing.

In November, such sudden and unexpected cold snaps can occur that the thermometer itself is surprised by the temperature drops on its scale. Today it was +20, and tomorrow it was already +7. The sea also gets cold.

In December, there are heavy torrential rains in the mountains, and on the plain, rare and long-awaited snow for nature and people may even fall. But most often in winter, the Crimea is shrouded in strong fogs. The temperature varies from +5 to +15 degrees, depending on the area. But for locals who are accustomed to the intense heat, this temperature already seems cold and truly wintry. The sea freezes over with an ice crust. Thunderstorms in the mountains subside, giving way to fogs. But life does not stop, does not stop, but simply dies down, as if taking a break and resting from the exhausting summer heat.

Many residents of the Crimean peninsula are interested in the question, what will be the winter 2017-2018 in Crimea? In this article, we will try to answer this question using forecasts and preliminary data based on the observation of weather conditions in previous years.

Speaking about the upcoming winter period, we can tell you with confidence that the beginning of winter will definitely please with warm days and the absence of significant frosts. According to preliminary forecasts, in late December and early January there will be no significant temperature changes, and the thermometer will show from 0 to +6 degrees in different parts of the peninsula. The coming winter, most likely, will not be much colder than the previous one, so it is recommended to warm up, but in moderation.

In accordance with the preliminary forecasts of the Hydrometeorological Center, the coming winter will be warm enough, but with periodic cooling. Minor frosts are expected in November 2017. However on New Year precipitation is expected not in the form of snow, but in the form of rain, which in itself is not surprising. In the second half of January and February 2018, it will be moderately cold, so citizens will have to warm up a little. Throughout the winter period, forecasters predict rainy weather.

In some forecasts, we are talking about a protracted spring, however, some forecasters predict the early start of a warm spring in Crimea. So we'll see how justified such predictions are. According to the head of the Hydrometeorological Center, the most accurate forecast is for 10 days, therefore the presented forecast is preliminary and is based only on data from previous years.

According to information from the head of the Crimean Hydrometeorological Center, the weather forecast for the winter 2017-2018 in Crimea assumes changeable weather conditions. Of all winter months the coldest, like last year, will be January, but without a forty-degree frost. In February, Crimeans should expect blizzards and strong winds.

What to expect from winter 2017-2018?

According to meteorologists, the upcoming winter in terms of weather conditions and temperature regime will be similar to last year, although much lower precipitation is expected. It is also assumed that average temperature will decrease by several degrees, but this will not be unusual for Crimea.

Crimea occupies a significant area in the form of a peninsula, therefore, differences in the temperature regime in winter 2018 are expected on the southern coast and on the main part. If we consider the forecasted weather for different cities, then we can deduce the average values \u200b\u200bin the range from 0 to +6 degrees. So, in Alushta it is expected about +6 degrees, in Feodosia +3 degrees, in Sevastopol from 0 to -2 degrees.

In the winter of 2016-2017, the average air temperature in Crimea was + 6-7 degrees, this year the temperature is expected at around +5 degrees. However, in the south of the peninsula, one can expect the air to warm up to +15, because in this area there are rarely significant frosts, and precipitation in the form of snow is also rarely observed.

Features of the forecast for the winter in different parts of the Crimean Peninsula

Most of the snowfall is expected in the mountains. According to the preliminary data of forecasters, the expected level of snow will be about a meter in mountainous areas and will last practically throughout the entire winter period. On the rest of the peninsula, if snow is observed, it will quickly melt.

In the flat part, according to the forecast for winter 2017-2018 in Crimea, moderately warm and cloudy weather is expected. For example, in Dzhankoy, the average daily temperature is expected at +4 and the average night is about 0 degrees. Sea water in December will have a temperature of about +3. Residents of Kerch should expect +5 degrees during the day and +3 at night, the sea temperature will remain at +6 throughout the winter period.

The southern coast of Crimea will delight residents and guests with warm and humid weather. However, expect to be cloudy throughout the winter months, with occasional snow or rain. The following weather conditions are expected in the cities: in Feodosia it will be about +4 during the day and +2 at night, in Yalta it is expected to be +3 during the day and +2 at night. On the territory of the southern coast in December, about 32 mm of precipitation is expected.

In January, cooler weather is expected in Crimea, especially in mountainous areas. With each rise of 200 meters into the mountains, the air temperature decreases by 1 degree. In January such weather is expected in mountainous regions: in Simferopol it will be about +3 and below zero at night, in Bakhchisarai it is expected +4 during the day and +1 at night.

Some forecasters argue that the winter of 2017-2018 in Crimea will be the coldest in the last century, but we see no significant grounds for such a statement. Still, most forecasts agree on moderately cold weather during all winter months on the Crimean Peninsula. Therefore, we recommend that the Crimeans warm up a little and get ready for the winter usual for Crimea.

See video with winter landscapes of Crimea:

The relief characteristics and location of Tavrida make it unique in many respects. Crimea's climate is one of them. In a relatively small area, there are several climatic zones with pronounced, dissimilar characteristics.

Common climatic features

Despite the diversity, in the Crimean climate, there are moments common to all its regions. It is not difficult to characterize them briefly, although their detailed description will require a large monograph.

1. High temperatures. so the winter cannot be really harsh there. Although there is a steady minus in the center, it is still much higher than at similar latitudes in the interior of the continent. In coastal areas, the average winter rates are even positive. About August or not even talking.
2. A kind of "seasons shift". warm and short, and spring is cool and long. All these are also peculiarities of the peninsular territories. The seas, warming in season, serve as a "heating pad" and help to maintain high temperature air. But in the springtime they are already a "refrigerator" that has grown out of frost and delay the temperature rise.
3. Dryness. The climate is dry throughout the Crimea. Precipitation falls up to 600 mm per year - rain and snow together. A relative exception is the northern slopes of the Crimean Mountains. They account for the "attacks" of the north wind, bringing rains and cold snaps. But even there the conditions cannot be called wet - there is simply no drought in the forests on these slopes.

These are all common features. But there are more differences between the mini-regions of Taurida, they are due to the proximity to the coast and the nuances of the terrain.

Local characteristics and their overview

The climatic zones in Crimea are not distributed according to the cardinal points, but according to the subtleties of the terrain. There are steppe, mountain and south coast regions. They overlap naturally (the tops go out to, and the steppe - to the sea surface), creating additional modifications.

The climate of the steppe Crimea is continental. Summers are hot and dry here, winters are rather cold (-15 does not surprise anyone) and little snow. "Pleasure" is added by the winds that blow and wherever they please. It is they who often blow off the falling snow, depriving the earth and such moisture. Slightly better is the situation in the east and on, where the steppe comes close to the sea. It is not so dry in summer and warmer in winter. But the wind is raging with might and main. Winter storms are known to interrupt work all the time, and the northeast wind (known as bora) is a real scourge.

Mountains of Crimea demonstrate vertical zoning. At their foot, the weather is the same as at the adjacent edge (steppe or Mediterranean south coast), higher forests and steppes begin on the tops (on the Yail plateau). The forest zone of the Crimean ridge is the wettest and coolest. Showers are not uncommon here, and it rains regularly in autumn and spring. There are also snow ones. Summer temperatures are a few degrees lower on average than in the plains - the shade from the trees affects.

At the same time, being in the lowland, it is often difficult to understand that above, in the mountains, snowfall or downpour is raging. This feature poses a danger for guests of coastal areas - they bask in the sun, not realizing that a tiny river flowing nearby can turn into a stormy stream in a couple of minutes due to the fact that it was overflowing with a downpour above. Accidents are not uncommon with.

Crimea's southern coast seems like a paradise, but that's because travelers come here in summer. The type of climate here is Mediterranean, in some places subtropical (as in Tuapse). Humidity is low, but without prolonged droughts. There are often fogs. The hottest month - in cold weather frost and snow happen from time to time. But winter is on South Bank damp, dank, therefore rather unpleasant. Spring lasts a long time, it is much colder than autumn - the reason has already been explained. It is considered the warmest here, sunny - (formally, it is not the South Coast, but climatically belongs to it).

Crimea climate: the best for permanent residence

Many guests of Taurida, having successfully rested on the South Coast during the season, remain of the opinion that the climate of Crimea is ideal and, in general, this is a chic place to stay. Locals are usually skeptical about this and offer to stop by at the end.

No, the Crimean Peninsula can be excellently lived. But the choice must be made according to other criteria than when choosing a vacation voucher. The climate of Crimea for permanent residence is in fact of secondary importance.

The climate of the surroundings and the South Coast is considered the healthiest (one must live not on the first beach line, but a couple of kilometers from the sea horizontally and 200-300 m vertically). The air there is good for the respiratory system (it is in such conditions that tuberculosis is treated), the heat and dryness are moderate.
Consequently, Bolshaya and Bolshaya are well suited for asthmatics and bronchitis (it is the villages, not the resort centers themselves).

If you want to practice tourism business - only South Coast, Sevastopol, Sudak, Simferopol. But here you really have to navigate not by the climate. If you just like Crimea (architecture, mountain tourism, historical reconstructions) - south-west, south-east and east. But even here it won't be about the weather. And it should be borne in mind that the choice of vacancies in small settlements is not so great (this is not the case).

But in the steppe Crimea, you simply need to be able to live - at first it will be very difficult for a newcomer there. The Soviet government faced this factor after the war - the Tatars, who had lived in the steppe for centuries, were deported, and the settlers who came to their place could not fully manage the economy, since they did not know the natural specifics.

Unexpected nuances

When moving for permanent residence, you will have to take into account some of the subtleties associated with the resort status of the region. For example, the responses of the residents of the South Coast are unambiguous: they rarely swim in the sea. The reason is the workload with tourists and the peak of the work load (95% of the local population have not heard anything about summer vacations).

Crimeans love tourists and wait for them as a source of economic well-being, but not at all as a favorable climatic factor!

Therefore, everyone is recommended to rest in Crimea (for health reasons, you can choose mountain, sea or mud), and to live is more likely to fans of fresh wind and beautiful landscapes, heat-resistant citizens, who are professional shipbuilders, builders, sailors, winemakers, power engineers and tour guides. But lovers beach holiday a permanent life in Crimea will almost certainly disappoint.

In general, the climate is a subjective matter. Nature does not have bad weather, and the Republic of Crimea is quite vast and diverse. There is a corner for relaxation and life in it.

Warm and gentle sun, sandy and pebbly beaches, the sea calling to cool down - all this awaits you with open arms in Crimea. This is a place where several hundred thousand people come to spend their long-awaited vacation. Most lovers of this beautiful corner of the earth will agree that Crimea is beautiful at any time of the year and in any weather. And they will be right. But all the same, it will be useful to know about the weather in Crimea in different parts of the peninsula and at different times of the year. Then you yourself can decide when is the best time to relax in Crimea.

The climate of Crimea can be divided into three groups: mountainous, subtropical and temperate continental. The mountainous climate prevails in the mountains with broadleaf forests... Summers there are dry, mild, winters are rather cold and humid. In the south of the peninsula, a subtropical climate reigns, characterized by mild winters without snow and hot, humid summers. In the temperate continental climate of the northern part of Crimea, summers are very dry and hot, winters are windy.

On the climate and weather of Crimea big influence mountains and sea render. As for the sea - all summer it heats up, and with the arrival of autumn it begins to gradually cool down, giving all its warmth to the air. That is why autumn on the sea coast is warm, as many say - "velvet". The mountains protect the shores from the north winds.

The terrain of the peninsula is very diverse. So, for example, if you move from its northern part to the southern one, you can clearly see that the northern territory of Crimea is, as a rule, a steppe without any hills and mountains. The closer to the south, the hilly the area becomes. The climate changes accordingly - from temperate to sub-Mediterranean.

For many, the weather in Crimea is best in the spring months. It is at this time that nature wakes up. Already in early March, numerous fields of snowdrops, jasmine, almonds, honeysuckle, dogwood, and almonds begin to bloom on the mountains. In April, peach, apricot and many other trees bloom. Melted snow, or rather the water from it, fills rivers and waterfalls, which become very beautiful at the end of April.

But at the same time, spring in Crimea is the windiest season. In March, there are very frequent frosts at night, especially in places of river valleys.

The average temperature of spring weather in Crimea is from +8 to +17 C - during the day, and from -1 to +10 C - at night. The water in April and March is kept at the level of +9 C. In May it warms up to +16 C. In spring, the weather is not very stable - the bright sun can shine in the morning, and it rains heavily by lunchtime. But basically, it does not last long - approximately until the first days of May.

The summer months in Crimea are the height of the tourist season. In June everything is still blooming, all the trees have already opened their leaves. Not so cool anymore, but not very hot yet. You can swim in the sea. The average water temperature until mid-June is + 20C, by July it warms up to + 22C, and in August you don't want to leave the sea at all - the temperature is kept at + 25C. Moreover, the water warms up the fastest on the western coast of the peninsula than, as many are accustomed to think, in the south. This is facilitated by the shallow waters of the Kalamitsky Bay.

The most restrained weather in Crimea in summer in the mountains. At night here very often the temperature drops to significant levels, especially in the gorges. By the way, on the southern coast of the peninsula there are often heavy rains in summer, thanks to which there is a lot of greenery. But in the steppes of the northwest, the leaves of trees, on the contrary, turn yellow in the summer due to the strong sun and low rainfall.

The temperature in June is kept at + 23C, in July and August - + 27 + 30C. The peak season is in June-August. It should be warned that somewhere in the middle to the end of June in the Crimea such a natural phenomenonlike upwelling. Locals call it a "surge". It is the rise of cold masses of water from the very depths of the sea to the surface. At the same time, the water temperature in 10 minutes drops to + 13 + 15C, and stands at this level for about 2 days until it warms up again.

Note: when going to the mountains in summer, you should take into account the large temperature difference. So, for example, if in the shade in Yalta it is about + 30C, then in the mountains (gorges) it will be only + 5 + 9C. It also rains very often there.

If you still do not know when is the best time to relax in Crimea, so that it is cheaper and even warm, then think about the option of an autumn stay at the sea. This time is called the velvet season - the sea is very warm, housing prices have fallen, fruits are ripe, there is no such sun on the beach as in summer. But all these advantages remain until late September - early October. After this time, the rainy season begins in Crimea. Until the end of September, the temperature remains at + 23C during the day and + 13C at night. The sea water is warm - + 21C.

In October, the weather is still quite normal in Crimea, many are still swimming (water is + 17C), but there is no longer a large concentration on the beach. At this time, it is very good to rest here for those who came just to rest, and not to run on excursions. The average temperature in October is + 17C during the day and + 8C at night.

In November, the swimming season stops, the weather becomes autumn - during the day the air temperature warms up to + 12C, at night it drops to + 4C. The sea water is also not very warm - about + 15C.

Winter is the time for ski resorts, of which there are many in Crimea. In general, snow for the Crimean peninsula is a rather rare natural phenomenon. If it falls out, then after 2, maximum 7 days it will melt without a trace. All the fault is the mountains that protect the coast from cold cyclones. As for the ski resorts, to get there, you need to look for mountainous areas in which snow lingers for a long time. For example, Evpatoria or the east of the peninsula.

In the rest of the Crimea, the weather is mild, but often due to low pressure over the sea and increased over the southern part of the CIS, dry and cold continental air literally rushes into the peninsula, which causes possible winds from the northeast. That is why under such weather conditions and high air humidity, even at above-zero temperatures, it will seem that everything is -10C outside.

In December, the average daytime temperature is + 8C, at night - + 1C. Many tourists come here at the end of the month to celebrate the New Year. Someone chooses places with snow, someone more like the rapid drifts on the branches of palm trees.

January and February are a time of rest for those who, throughout the entire tourist season, helped tourists to relax in comfort - the owners of the accommodation take a short vacation to prepare for the next season. If someone is lucky enough to visit Crimea at this time, then be sure to visit Mount Ai-Petri, climb the cable car to a height of 1234 meters - you will not see such a spectacle in the summer.

The average air temperature in January and February is approximately the same - during the day - from + 6C, at night - about 0C. The sea at this time has a temperature of only + 7C.

Some indicators of the climate of Crimea

Relative humidity - the percentage of air humidity in relation to the amount of moisture that saturates it at a certain temperature. The line with an average air humidity of 70% passes through Feodosia, Yaila and Chersonesos. When it deviates to the south or north, this percentage increases.

Absolute humidity - a value showing the pressure of water vapor in the air. Measured in millimeters (mm). The absolute humidity on the line Kerch, Ak-Mechet is about 8. To 8.5 it increases closer to Sevastopol and Feodosia.

Precipitation measured in centimeters. Fallout of 30 cm of precipitation is typical for Evpatoria, Dzhankoy; 40 - Feodosia, Bakhchisarai; 50 - Ai-Petri, Foros.

The steppe and foothill areas suffer most from precipitation in June and July. But in the east and west of the coast, they fall evenly throughout all seasons. On the South Coast and in southern mountains - at the height of winter - December, January.

The weather in Crimea is often spoiled by rains, which make up 80-85% of the peninsula's precipitation. In the steppe areas, they last up to 130 days, in the mountains - up to 170 days a year.

Cloudiness... The average annual ratio of sky coverage over Crimea is 55%. In this case, completely cloudy days - 100, and completely sunny - 80.

Ice cover... Records for the longest ice standing in Crimea are beaten by the Genichesk region - more than 80 days a year. At the same time, temperatures below 0C are here for more than 90 days a year. Snow lies for about 40 days in the north of the peninsula and about 20 in the northwest.

Thunderstorms... For the Crimean climate, such a natural phenomenon is quite rare - on average, thunderstorms per year are no more than 10 days.

Well, now you know in general terms about the weather and climate of this wonderful peninsula, and you can easily decide for yourself when is the best time to relax in Crimea.

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