Geographical characteristics of Eurasia. Eurasia Characteristics of the state enterprise of eurasia according to plan

The size of the territory and geographic location. Eurasia is the largest continent of the Earth. It is almost 7 times larger than Australia, 2 times larger than Africa, and larger than Antarctica, North and South America combined. Eurasia is 1/3 of the planet's land mass - about 53.4 million km 2. The continent is located in the Northern Hemisphere and stretches from north to south for 8 thousand km across all belts - from the Arctic to the equatorial. Its length along the parallel is 16 thousand km. This is more than a hemisphere (almost 200 °): the mainland occupies the entire Eastern Hemisphere, and its extreme western and eastern points are in the Western.

The huge size of Eurasia determines the diversity and uniqueness of its nature. No other mainland has so many natural complexes changing from north to south and with distance from the coast.

Outline of the coast. The mainland massif is so large that it separates all the oceans of the Earth. Its shores are washed by the waters of all four oceans of the planet. Coastline Atlantic ocean, washing the west coast, is heavily indented by peninsulas and bays. There are many islands and seas near the mainland (Fig. 1, 2). The seas, which go deep into the land, separate parts of the world (Europe and Asia) and continents (Eurasia and Africa).

A wide shelf is adjacent to the northern edge of Eurasia Arctic ocean. Its coastline is smoother. It is dissected into peninsulas by narrow bays-lips and the White Sea . By the marginal seas Norwegian,The Barents (Fig. 3), Karsky, Laptevs, East Siberian islands separated large islands and archipelagos from the mainland.

Figure: 3. Barents Sea

Coastline Quiet the ocean is weakly dissected. The marginal seas (Fig. 4) are cut into the eastern coast of the mainland in wide contours. They are separated from the ocean by arcs and chains of volcanic islands and peninsulas. Southern coast of Eurasia, washed by Indian ocean, stretches along a broken line: large peninsulas protrude into the ocean - Arabian (the largest on the planet), Hindustan and Malacca... There are only two seas near the southern edge of the mainland - Krasnoe and Arabian (Fig. 5).

The configuration of the coastline determines the possibilities and degree of participation of oceanic air in the formation of the continental climate.

The nature of Eurasia is influenced by the surrounding continents. Eurasia has two close neighbors. In the southwest - Africa, separated by the Suez Canal, and in the east - North America, separated by the Bering Strait. The "Bridge" with a length of more than 3 thousand km - the greatest island region of the planet - Large and Small Sunda islands (Malay Archipelago), Filipinothe island - connects Eurasia with Australia. The farthest, separated from Eurasia by oceans, are South America and Antarctica.

The composition of the territory. Mainland Eurasia includes two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. The border between them is arbitrary. It is carried out along the eastern slope of the Ural Mountains, downstream of the Ural River to the Caspian Sea, along the northern foot of the Caucasus, the Black Sea, the Bosphorus Strait, the Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara, and the Dardanelles Strait. The division of Eurasia into two parts of the world has developed historically - as a result of the settlement and development of its territory (by different peoples from different sides). But it also has a natural scientific basis. The continent was formed as a result of the unification of lithospheric blocks that had previously developed in different conditions. After unification for millions of years, it develops as one natural-territorial complex. therefore continent Eurasia is a unique geographic system: large, complex, but at the same time integral.

On a contour map, draw the border between the parts of the world that are part of Eurasia.

Regions of Europe and Asia. The territory of Eurasia is very vast. In this vast territory, not only nature has significant differences, but also the population, as well as its economic activities. In order to better study this diversity, to understand its causes and patterns, regionalization is carried out: less extensive territories are distinguished as part of a large continent - regions... One region unites countries that have common features of geographic location, as well as similarities in historical and modern socio-economic development. As part of the European part of the mainland, there are North, South, Eastand Western Europe... The countries of Eastern Europe that occupy a neighboring position in relation to our Motherland - Belarus - are united into an independent region, the Belarusian borderland. This region also includes Russia, the largest state on the mainland, located in both Eurasian parts of the world. The Asian part of the mainland is subdivided into Central, East, South-East, South and Southwest Asia. Borders between regions are drawn along the state borders of their member countries(fig. 6).

Figure: 6. Regions of Eurasia

List of references

1. Geography grade 9 / Textbook for grade 9 institutions of general secondary education with the Russian language of instruction / Edited N. V. Naumenko /Minsk "Narodnaya Asveta" 2011

Nefteyugansk District Municipal General Educational Budgetary Institution "Lempinskaya Secondary School of General Education"

Geography lesson in grade 7

Topic: Geographical location and history of the study of the continent of Eurasia

Prepared by:

teacher of geography Tumanova A.A.,

II qualification category

Lempino, 2012

TOPIC: Geographical position and history of the study of the continent of Eurasia.

UMC: V.A. Korinskaya, I.V. Dushina Geography of continents and oceans. 7th grade: textbook. for general education. institutions; atlas "Geography of continents and oceans grade 7" with a set of contour maps.

LESSON TYPE: Lesson in learning new material.

METHODS AND METHODS: teacher's story, conversation, practical work, student messages, slide presentations.

OBJECTIVES: To study the geographical position of Eurasia and the history of the study of the continent; to consolidate the ability to use the plan of characteristics of the geographical position of the continent.

TASKS:

· To form an idea of \u200b\u200bthe geographical position of Eurasia;

· To acquaint students with the most significant events in the history of the study of Eurasia;

· Develop the ability to work with various sources of geographic information.

Development of students' skills of independent work

MEANS OF EDUCATION:

· Physical map of Eurasia, physical map of the world.

· Atlases, contour maps.

· Interactive whiteboard or screen.

Geographic objects (on / to):

cape Chelyuskin, Cape Piai, Cape Roca, Cape Dezhnev, Iceland, "English Channel", Bay of Biscay, Strait of Gibraltar, Aegean Sea, Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara, Dardanelles, Kuril Islands, Philippine Islands, Bay of Bengal, Red Sea, Ural Mountains, river Emba, Caspian Sea, Kuma-Manych depression, Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, Kerch Strait, Black Sea, Bosphorus, Mediterranean Sea.

Lesson plan:

1.Organizational moment

2.Knowledge update

3. Learning new material

4 homework

5. Consolidation of the studied material. Reflection. Assessment of their activities

During the classes:

1. Organizational moment:

Greeting;

Checking the readiness of the class for the lesson;

Psychological attitude of students

2. Updating knowledge:

1. What continents have you already discovered and studied?

I offer you a game: according to the characteristics, determine which continent we are talking about. (Presentation number 1)

The equator runs almost in the middle.

It takes the second place in terms of area.

The hottest continent. AFRICA

The driest continent

The most remote continent.

The smallest in area. AUSTRALIA

The wettest continent.

The longest mountain range on land is located here.

There are many deep rivers flowing on the mainland. SOUTH AMERICA

Continent covered with a layer of ice.

This continent was discovered by Lazarev and Bellingshausen.

There is not a single state here. ANTARCTICA

This continent lies in the northern and western hemispheres.

Part of this continent belonged to Russia.

Here is the most indented coastline. NORTH AMERICA

2. Why are continents divided into groups: southern and northern continents?

3. Why do you think we study Eurasia after other continents?

4. According to what plan do we consider the characteristics of the geographic location of the continent?

3. Learning new material:

3.1. Determination of the main characteristics of the mainland (Presentation No. 2)

Today in the lesson we will go on a journey across the Eurasian continent.

What is Eurasia?

This is Europe plus Asia.

From two parts arose

The largest continent.

Eurasia is the greatest land mass.

Why is Eurasia called the greatest land mass? You will have to answer this question after the teacher's story, complete the task on the card and draw a conclusion about the features of the mainland.

Teacher message:

The continent is located in the Northern Hemisphere between approximately 9 ° W. d. and 169 ° W while some of the islands of Eurasia are located in the Southern Hemisphere. Most of continental Eurasia lies in the Eastern Hemisphere, although the extreme western and eastern ends of the continent are in the Western Hemisphere.

Contains two parts of the world: Europe and Asia. The border line between Europe and Asia is most often drawn along the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Emba River, the northwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, the Kuma River, the Kumo-Manych depression, the Manych River, the eastern coast of the Black Sea, the southern coast of the Black Sea, the strait Bosphorus, Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara, Dardanelles, Aegean and Mediterranean Seas, Strait of Gibraltar. This division has developed historically. Naturally, there is no sharp border between Europe and Asia.

This is the only continent on Earth, washed by four oceans: in the south - the Indian, in the north - the Arctic, in the west - the Atlantic, in the east - the Pacific.

Eurasia stretches from west to east for 16 thousand km, from north to south - for 8 thousand km, with an area of \u200b\u200b≈ 53.4 million km². This is more than a third of the entire land area of \u200b\u200bthe planet. The area of \u200b\u200bthe Eurasian islands is approaching 2.75 million km².

according to plan to describe eurasia geographic location and got the best answer

Answer from? [Guru]
Kirill, the plan was not given, so distribute the information yourself. Below is a link to the full Geographical Position
The continent is located in the Northern Hemisphere between approximately 9 ° W. d. and 169 ° W while some of the islands of Eurasia are located in the Southern Hemisphere. Most of continental Eurasia lies in the Eastern Hemisphere, although the extreme western and eastern ends of the continent are in the Western Hemisphere.
Contains two parts of the world: Europe and Asia. The border line between Europe and Asia is most often drawn along the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Emba River, the northwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, the Kuma River, the Kumo-Manych depression, the Manych River, the eastern coast of the Black Sea, the southern coast of the Black Sea, the strait Bosphorus, Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara, Dardanelles, Aegean and Mediterranean Seas, Strait of Gibraltar. This division has developed historically. Naturally, there is no sharp border between Europe and Asia. The continent is united by the continuity of the land, the currently formed tectonic consolidation and the unity of numerous climatic processes.
This is the only continent on Earth, washed by four oceans: in the south - the Indian, in the north - the Arctic, in the west - the Atlantic, in the east - the Pacific.
Eurasia stretches from west to east for 16 thousand km, from north to south - for 8 thousand km, with an area of \u200b\u200b≈ 54 million km². This is more than a third of the entire land area of \u200b\u200bthe planet. The area of \u200b\u200bthe Eurasian islands is approaching 2.75 million km².
Extreme points of Eurasia
Mainland points
Cape Chelyuskin (Russia), 77 ° 43 "N - the extreme northern point of the continent.
Cape Piai (Malaysia) 1 ° 16 "N is the extreme southern point of the mainland.
Cape Roca (Portugal), 9º31 "W, is the westernmost mainland point.
Cape Dezhnev (Russia), 169 ° 42 "W. d. Is the extreme eastern mainland point.
Island points
Cape Fligeli (Russia), 81 ° 52 "N - the extreme northern island point (However, according to the topographic map of Rudolf Island, the coast stretching in the latitudinal direction west of Cape Fligeli lies several hundred meters north of the cape).
South Island (Cocos Islands) 12 ° 4 "S lat. - extreme southern island point.
rock of Monchique (Azores) 31º16 "W - westernmost island point.
Ratmanov Island (Russia) 169 ° 0 "W. long. Is the easternmost island point.
Confirmation of information + continuation can be found at this link

Answer from Diana Ikhsanova[newbie]
1 continent Eurasia does not cross the equator, part of southern Eurasia is located in the northern tropics (crosses it), goes beyond the Arctic Circle, and also crosses the prime meridian (the prime meridian passes through western Europe).
2 extreme points of the mainland:
Mainland points
Cape Chelyuskin 77 ° 43 "N is the extreme northern point of the mainland.
Cape Piai 1 ° 16 "N is the extreme southern point of the mainland.
Cape Roka 9? 31 "W is the extreme western point of the mainland.
Cape Dezhnev 169 ° 42 "W. d. Is the extreme eastern mainland point.
Island points
Cape Fligeli 81 ° 52 "N - extreme northern island point
South Island 12 ° 4 "S lat. Is the southernmost point of the island.
rock Monchique 31? 16 "W is the westernmost island point.
Ratmanov Island 169 ° 0 "W is the easternmost island point.
3 Eurasia is located in the arctic, subarctic, temperate, subtropical, tropical and subequatorial belts.
Eurasia stretches from west to east for 16 thousand km, from north to south - for 8 thousand km
4 Eurasia is washed by all oceans. Seas washing Eurasia: the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea, the Chukchi Sea, the Bering Sea, the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk, the Sea of \u200b\u200bJapan, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the South China Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea, the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea.
5this continent is the largest of all .. relative to North and South America, Eurasia is located in a completely different hemisphere, Africa and Eurasia are connected by the Suez Canal .. .I write this nonsense

Eurasia is the greatest continent in the world. It occupies 1/3 of the entire land mass of the planet. The enormous size and complex structure of the earth's crust create a unique variety of natural conditions.

In Eurasia there is the highest mountain of the Earth - Chomolungma (Everest), the largest mountain system in terms of area - Tibet, the largest peninsula - Arabian, the largest geographic region - Siberia, the lowest point of land - the Dead Sea depression.

Geographical position of Eurasia

Using the map, let's define the geographical position of Eurasia according to the plan:

Figure: 1. Geographical position of Eurasia

In which hemispheres is the mainland located?

a) Relative to the equator, the continent lies almost entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. The exception is the southern islands of the mainland.

b) Relative to the zero meridian - almost the entire continent is located in the eastern hemisphere, only the extreme west of Eurasia enters the western hemisphere.

What oceans wash the mainland?

From the north - the Arctic Ocean,

from the south - Indian, from the west - Atlantic,

from the east - the Pacific Ocean.

Location relative to other continents

Eurasia is bordered by many continents, which have a certain impact on it. The direct connection with Africa through the Suez Canal and with North America through the Bereng Strait is the reason for the similarity of the organic world of these continents.

Figure: 2. Extreme points of the mainland

Eurasia -two parts of the world

Eurasia is formed by two parts of the world - Europe and Asia.

It is customary to draw a conventional boundary between them along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Embe River, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Kumo-Manych depression. The sea border runs along the Azov and Black Seas, as well as the straits connecting the Black and Mediterranean Seas - this is the Bosphorus and Dardanelles.

(Find all the objects on the physical map of the mainland.)

Coastline

Eurasia is distinguished by a strong indented coastline, especially in the west of the mainland.

The physical map of the continent shows that the Atlantic Ocean juts deep into the land, isolating the Scandinavian Peninsula. In the south of the mainland, they stand out for their size the Arabian and Hindustan peninsulas. They are washed by the Indian Ocean. There are few islands off the southern coast of Eurasia, the largest is Sri Lanka... The coastline of the mainland is noticeably indented in the east, it is washed by the Pacific Ocean. The marginal seas are separated from the Pacific Ocean by a chain of peninsulas (the largest is Kamchatka) and islands, the largest - Big Sunda... The Arctic Ocean, washing the mainland from the north, juts out shallowly into the land. The largest peninsulas are Kolsky, Taimyr, Chukotsky.

Figure: 3. Physical map of Eurasia

List of references

The maini:

Geography. Land and people. Grade 7: a textbook for general images. uch. / A.P. Kuznetsov, L.E. Saveliev, V.P. Dronov. "Spheres" series. - M .: Education, 2011. Geography. Land and people. Grade 7: atlas. "Spheres" series. - M .: Education, 2011.

Additional:

1. Maksimov N.A. Behind the pages of a geography textbook. - M .: Education.

1.Russian Geographical Society ().

2. Russian education ().

3. Journal "Geography" ().

4. Geographical directory ().

Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth, consisting of two parts of the world: Europe and Asia - it occupies 1/3 of the entire land area on the planet, and is washed from all sides by the waters of the World Ocean. Thanks to its imposing area, the Eurasia mainland has the most significant natural sites and a high population. Let's briefly consider this topic according to the description plan.

Features of the relief

Eurasia is the largest continent on our planet, occupying almost 54 million square meters. km. Its length from east to west is 18 thousand km, and from north to south - about 8 thousand km. The area of \u200b\u200bthe islands alone, belonging to the mainland, is 3.5 million square meters. km. The area of \u200b\u200bEurasia is so large that it contains 17 time zones.

The relief of Eurasia is very diverse: the world's largest flat platforms and mountain systems are located on the mainland. In addition, it is the highest continent on the globe, and its average height above sea level is about 830 m.

Here are the highest mountains in the world - the Himalayas, and the mountain systems of Tibet, Pamir, Himalayas, Tien Shan form the largest mountainous region on the planet. On the islands of Southeast and East Asia, Kamchatka, the Mediterranean and Iceland, there are active volcanoes, and these regions are distinguished by high seismic activity.

Figure: 1. Himalayas.

The highest mountain on the planet is Everest or Chomolungma, whose height is 8848 m. It is located in the Himalayas and is famous among climbers for its severe temper. Even for experienced mountain climbers, the ascent to the Everest peak takes about two months. Steep slopes and strong winds (up to 200 km / h) at the top of the mountain become a real test of strength.

The relief of the northern regions and some mountainous areas was influenced by ancient glaciation many years ago. Currently, glaciers in Eurasia are located on the islands of the Arctic, in the highlands and Iceland.

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The border line between Europe and Asia on the mainland runs along the slopes of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the northwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, the eastern and southern coast of the Black Sea, the Strait of Gibraltar.

Eurasia is the only continent on Earth that is washed by all four oceans:

• in the north - the Arctic;
• in the south - Indian;
• in the east - Quiet;
• in the west - the Atlantic.

Figure: 2. Indian Ocean.

Climate and natural zones

The climate of Eurasia is closely related to its large size and length from north to south.

Table "Eurasia: natural zones"

A large number of natural areas of the continent has led to a wide variety of its flora and fauna. However, the high population density and thoughtless human activity have led to the fact that many representatives of wild flora and fauna were threatened with extinction.

Population of Eurasia

The mainland Eurasia is not only the largest on the planet, but also the most densely populated. Its territory is home to about 5 billion people, which is 3/4 of the population of the entire Earth.

The population density on the mainland is unevenly distributed, and this is due to several factors:

• natural;
• climatic;
• geopolitical.

The largest number of people live in economically developed countries with a high standard of living. Belonging to this or that religion and established customs also play an important role in the distribution of the population. For example, the standard of living in India is much lower than in Europe or China, but this country has the second largest population in the world.

Figure: 3. People of China.

In all regions of the mainland, the urban-to-rural ratio is not in favor of the latter. This is due to the fact that in large cities it is much easier to find a job with acceptable wages, and living conditions are more comfortable.

Representatives of three large races live in Eurasia, which have the following characteristic features:

• caucasoid race: light skin, hair and eyes, people in southern countries have a darker skin tone, eyes and hair are also dark;
• mongoloid race: narrow slanted eyes, yellowish swarthy skin, slightly flattened wide face, dark eyes and hair;
• negroid race: skin is very dark in color, hair is dark, curly, wide flattened noses, and full lips.

A large number of peoples and nationalities live on the territory of Eurasia, which were able to form a unique, original culture.

What have we learned?

When studying the topic "Eurasia" in the 7th grade geography program, we learned that Eurasia is the largest continent on the planet, with a varied relief, natural zones, rich flora and fauna. We found out where the border between Asia and Europe is, what is the density of the mainland's population and what factors it depends on. This information will be very useful for children in grades 5-7.

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