Armament of the Soviet troops. The weapons of the soldiers of the ussr during the great patriotic war. Lipstick - pistol

A large asteroid SP1 the size of Big Ben is approaching Earth, NASA experts warn. It moves at a speed of about 60 thousand kilometers per hour.

Specialists from the US space agency NASA have warned that a large asteroid SP1 is approaching Earth, reports the Daily Express.

It is reported that the exact dimensions of the asteroid are unknown, according to preliminary data, its length is from 70 to 160 meters, it can exceed the height of Big Ben or the Ferris wheel in London.

NASA said that the asteroid is moving at a speed of about 60 thousand kilometers per hour. It will be as close to Earth as possible on October 3rd. According to calculations, on this day, the asteroid will fly past the planet at a distance of 5.87 million kilometers, which is about 15 distances from the Earth to the Moon. A collision of SP1 with the Earth would be disastrous.

"Near-Earth objects are asteroids and comets with orbits located within 45 million km from the Earth's orbit, NASA has been studying them since the 1970s," the agency's experts explain.

Also in early November, comet 2015 TB145, known for its unusual appearance - it resembles a human skull. The "Halloween" comet, as journalists called it, was discovered in 2015. Initially, astronomers took it for an asteroid, but later determined that it was still a comet. According to NASA workers, she lost most its "tail" due to the fact that many times it has flown close to the Sun.

The uniqueness of its flight was in the fact that at the moment of the minimum approach, it was visible only in Russia. Even before the flight of a cosmic body, scientists suggested that this object is the nucleus of a degenerated comet, which has lost most of its volatiles and therefore does not form a tail or coma when it approaches the Sun. Subsequently, these assumptions were confirmed.

Calculations show that the distance the comet approached the Earth in 2015 was the minimum for the next five hundred years.

Its next close flyby near the Earth (20 lunar orbits) will take place in 2088. Since the orbital period of the body is 1112 days, it returns to Earth every three years, but not always on Halloween, but each time slightly shifting the date of the rendezvous. According to scientists, the reason the strange comet was not discovered until 2015 is due to its trajectory, thanks to which it spends most of its life outside the orbit of Mars.

At the beginning of September 2018, the asteroid 2016 NF23 approached the Earth, which is larger than the Cheops pyramid - its diameter was 70-160 m. Asteroid 2016 NF23 was discovered on July 9, 2016, it belongs to the Aton group. It makes one revolution around the Sun in 240 earth days or 0.66 Earth years, moving as far away from it as possible by 163 million kilometers and approaching 63 million kilometers.

Traditionally, this group of asteroids was named after its first discovered representative, the asteroid (2062) Aton, which was discovered in January 1976. It is a group of near-Earth asteroids that traverse Earth's orbit from the inside. In this case, although their orbits are inside the Earth's orbit, they cross it in the region of the Earth's perihelion.

Calculations show that the next meeting of the asteroid with the Earth will take place on September 3, 2020. On this day, it will fly at a distance of about 17.85 million kilometers.

It became the third largest asteroid that flew in the vicinity of our planet in early September, after 2001 RQ17 and 2015 FP118. The so-called near-Earth asteroids often approach our planet, while those that approach it at a distance of less than 0.05 astronomical units (2.9 million kilometers) and have a brightness brighter than 22 magnitudes are called potentially dangerous.

Another large asteroid approached Earth on the night of May 16. For the first time asteroid 2010 WC9 was discovered using the Catalina Sky Survey in November 2010, it was observed until September 10, when its brightness decreased and it was lost from view. The data obtained then did not help to establish the parameters of the asteroid's orbit and to predict the time of its return to Earth.

On May 8, 2018, the asteroid was discovered again, and scientists calculated the moment of its approach to Earth. At 01.05 Moscow time, it flew at a distance of 203453 kilometers from the Earth, at that moment its apparent magnitude reached +11, which was sufficient for observation with amateur telescopes.

We live right in the middle of a space shooting gallery.
About a million asteroids fly along their trajectories near the earth's orbit.
NASA estimates that roughly 20,000 of that number could one day pose a direct threat to Earth.

These asteroids have flown past the Earth since the birth of mankind, but we just don't know anything about them.
Many asteroids fell in oceans or in uninhabited places, where there was simply no one to track their impact.

What happens if some asteroid hits a large city? /

An asteroid larger than the Cheops pyramid is approaching the Earth

However, there is nothing to be afraid of - according to scientists' calculations, it will pass 4.8 million km from the Earth. The next meeting of the asteroid with the Earth will take place on September 3, 2020.

The next approach of a large asteroid to the Earth has drawn the attention of many world and Russian media. We are talking about the "potentially dangerous" asteroid 2016 NF23, which is currently approaching our planet. However, nothing dangerous in the coming approach is foreseen, since, according to scientists, it will fly at a distance of almost 4.8 million kilometers, which corresponds to thirteen distances to the Moon.

According to earlier estimates, its diameter ranges from 70 to 160 meters, which makes it larger in height than the Cheops pyramid.

According to estimates, the speed of the asteroid at the time of approach to the Earth will be 9.04 kilometers per second, according to the NASA report.

It will become the third largest asteroid to fly in the vicinity of our planet in early September, after 2001 RQ17 and 2015 FP118. The so-called near-Earth asteroids often approach our planet, while those that approach it at a distance of less than 0.05 astronomical units (2.9 million kilometers) and have a brightness brighter than 22 magnitudes are called potentially dangerous.

Asteroid 2016 NF23 was discovered on July 9, 2016, it belongs to the Aton group. It makes one revolution around the Sun in 240 Earth days or 0.66 Earth years, moving as far away from it as possible by 163 million kilometers and approaching 63 million kilometers.

Traditionally, this group of asteroids was named after its first discovered representative, the asteroid (2062) Aton, which was discovered in January 1976. It is a group of near-Earth asteroids that traverse Earth's orbit from the inside. In this case, although their orbits are inside the Earth's orbit, they cross it in the region of the Earth's perihelion.

Calculations show that the next meeting of the asteroid with the Earth will take place on September 3, 2020. On this day, it will fly at a distance of about 17.85 million kilometers.

AT last years NASA observers have focused on tracking near-Earth asteroids that exceed 140 meters in size, since it is believed that 90% of asteroids more than one kilometer across are already discovered.

Unlike large ones, currently only 10% of asteroids larger than 140 meters are discovered.

Another large asteroid approached Earth on the night of May 16. For the first time asteroid 2010 WC9 was discovered using the Catalina Sky Survey in November 2010, it was observed until September 10, when its brightness decreased and it was lost from view. The data obtained then did not help to establish the parameters of the asteroid's orbit and to predict the time of its return to Earth.

On May 8, 2018, the asteroid was discovered again, and scientists calculated the moment of its approach to Earth. At 01.05 Moscow time, it flew at a distance of 203453 kilometers from the Earth, at that moment its apparent magnitude reached +11, which was sufficient for observation with amateur telescopes.

Recently, scientists from the University of New Mexico, the University of Arizona and the Johnson Space Center said that the meteorite that fell in northern Africa was older than the Earth itself. They came to such conclusions in a paper published in the journal Nature Communications.

It is believed that the solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago when a cloud of gas and dust collapsed under the influence of gravity, possibly caused by the explosion of a nearby massive star or supernova. As this cloud collapsed, a disk was formed, in the center of which was the future sun. From this period, scientists were able to recreate the formation of the early Solar system step by step.

Now, the discovery of the oldest volcanic meteorite on Earth will add new details to this complex picture.

"This meteorite is the most significant volcanic age ever described," said study co-author Card Agee. “It is not only an extremely unusual type of rock, it tells us that not all asteroids look the same. Some look almost like a piece of the Earth's crust because they are so light colored and rich in SiO2. They not only exist, but were also formed during one of the very first volcanic events that took place in the early solar system. "

Astronomers warn that asteroid 2010 WC9, which previously disappeared from view, is approaching Earth. This statement was made at the Northolt Branch Observatory in the UK.

At a minimum distance from our planet, a large asteroid will rush on May 16, 2018. The trajectory of its flight is a passage between the moon's orbit.

A ghost asteroid will approach Earth, but it poses no threat

In Arizona, using the Catalina Sky Survey, the asteroid, dubbed 2010 WC9, was spotted on November 30, 2010. Astronomers watched the space object for only a day: already on December 1, it disappeared from the field of view, therefore it was named a ghost asteroid. All these eight years at the observatory could not find 2010 WC9.

The asteroid is rapidly approaching the Earth. At the minimum distance from it, he will be tomorrow, May 16, at 01:05 Moscow time. It will fly 203,000 km from our planet at a speed of about 46,000 km / h. The space object has a fairly large size: its diameter is 60-130 m. Asteroids of this size very rarely fly near the globe. Discovered WC9 2010 again on May 8th.

According to EarthSky, the asteroid will be as close to the planet as possible - the distance to it will be 0.53 times the distance from the Earth to the Moon. Because when 2010 WC9 approaches the Earth, its apparent magnitude will be approximately +11, it will be possible to see the asteroid even with an amateur telescope. The next time a space "guest" will fly past our planet only after 300 years at least, scientists from America said, adding that he does not pose a danger.

The second world War significantly influenced the development of small arms, which remained the most massive type of weapons. The share of combat losses from it amounted to 28-30%, which is quite an impressive indicator, given the massive use of aviation, artillery and tanks ...

The war showed that with the creation of the very means of armed struggle, the role of small arms did not diminish, and the attention that was paid to them in the belligerent states during these years has significantly increased. The experience of using weapons accumulated during the war years has not become obsolete today, becoming the basis for the development and improvement of small arms.

7.62-mm rifle model 1891 of the Mosin system
The rifle was developed by the captain of the Russian army S.I. Mosin and in 1891 was adopted by the Russian army under the designation "7.62-mm rifle model 1891". After modernization in 1930, it was launched into mass production and was in service with the Red Army before World War II and during the war. Rifle mod. 1891/1930 was distinguished by high reliability, accuracy, simplicity and ease of use. Over the war years, more than 12 million rifles mod. 1891/1930 and carbines created on its basis.
7.62-mm sniper rifle of the Mosin system
The sniper rifle differed from a conventional rifle by the presence of an optical sight, a bolt handle bent to the bottom and improved processing of the barrel bore.

7.62-mm rifle model 1940 of the Tokarev system
The rifle was developed by F.V. Tokarev, in accordance with the desire of the military command and the highest political leadership of the country to have a self-loading rifle in service with the Red Army, which would make it possible to rationally spend ammunition and ensure a large effective range of fire. Mass production of SVT-38 rifles was launched in the second half of 1939. The first batches of rifles were sent to the Red Army units involved in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. In extreme conditions This "winter" war revealed such shortcomings of the rifle as bulkiness, heavy weight, inconvenience of gas regulation, sensitivity to pollution and low temperature. To eliminate these shortcomings, the rifle was modernized, and already from June 1, 1940, its production began. upgraded version SVT-40.
7.62-mm sniper rifle of the Tokarev system
The sniper version of the SVT-40 differed from the serial samples by a more thorough fit of the trigger elements, a qualitatively better processing of the barrel bore and a special tide on the receiver for installing a bracket on it with optical sight... On sniper rifle SVT-40 was installed specially for it a PU sight (universal sight) of 3.5 times magnification. It allowed firing at a range of up to 1300 meters. The mass of the rifle with the sight was 4.5 kg. Sight weight - 270 g.

14.5-mm anti-tank gun PTRD-41
This gun was developed by V.A. Degtyarev in 1941 to combat enemy tanks. PTRD was powerful weapon - at a distance of up to 300 m, his bullet pierced armor 35-40 mm thick. The incendiary effect of the bullets was also high. Thanks to this, the gun was successfully used throughout the Second World War. Its release was discontinued only in January 1945.

7.62 mm DP light machine gun
A light machine gun created by designer V.A. Degtyarev in 1926, became the most powerful automatic weapons rifle departments of the Red Army. The machine gun was put into service in February 1927 under the name "7.62-mm DP light machine gun" (DP meant Degtyarev - infantry). A small (for a machine gun) weight was achieved thanks to the use of an automation scheme based on the principle of removing powder gases through a hole in a fixed barrel, a rational device and layout of parts of the moving system, as well as the use of air cooling of the barrel. Sighting range firing from a machine gun is 1500 m, the maximum range of a bullet is 3000 m. Of the 1515.9 thousand machine guns fired during the Great Patriotic War, the vast majority were Degtyarev's light machine guns.

7.62 mm submachine gun of the Degtyarev system
The PPD was adopted in 1935, becoming the first submachine gun to be used in the Red Army. The PPD was designed for a modified 7.62 cartridge of a Mauser pistol. The firing range of the PPD reached 500 meters. The trigger mechanism of the weapon made it possible to fire both single shots and bursts. There were a number of PPD modifications with improved store mountings and modified production technology.

7.62 mm Shpagin submachine gun mod. 1941 g.
The PPSh (Shpagin submachine gun) was adopted by the Red Army in December 1940 under the name "7.62 mm Shpagin submachine gun arr. 1941 (PPSh-41)". The main advantage of the PPSh-41 was that only its barrel needed careful machining. All other metal parts were mainly manufactured by cold stamping from sheet. Connecting parts carried out using spot and arc welding and rivets. You can disassemble and assemble the submachine gun without a screwdriver - there is not a single screw connection in it. From the first quarter of 1944, submachine guns began to be equipped with more convenient and cheaper in production sector magazines with a capacity of 35 rounds. In total, more than six million PCA were produced.

7.62 mm Tokarev pistol arr. 1933 g.
The development of pistols in the USSR practically started from scratch. However, already at the beginning of 1931, the Tokarev pistol, recognized as the most reliable, lightweight and compact, was put into service. In the mass production of TT (Tula, Tokarev), which began in 1933, the details of the firing mechanism, barrel and frame were changed. The sighting range of the TT is 50 meters, the range of the bullet is from 800 meters to 1 kilometer. Capacity - 8 rounds of 7.62 mm. The total production of TT pistols for the period from 1933 to the completion of their production in the mid-50s is estimated at 1,740,000 pieces.

PPS-42 (43)
The PPSh-41, which was in service with the Red Army, turned out to be - mainly due to its too large size and mass - not convenient enough for fighting in settlements, indoors, for scouts, paratroopers and crews of military vehicles. Besides, in conditions wartime required to reduce the cost of mass production of submachine guns. In this regard, a competition was announced to develop a new submachine gun for the army. The Sudaev submachine gun, developed in 1942, won this competition and was put into service at the end of 1942 under the name PPS-42. Modified the following year, a design called PPS-43 (the barrel and butt were shortened, the cocking handle, the fuse box and the shoulder rest latch were changed, the barrel cover and receiver were combined into one piece) was also adopted. PPS is often called the best submachine gun of the Second World War. It is distinguished by its convenience, combat capabilities high enough for a submachine gun, high reliability, and compactness. At the same time, the teaching staff is very technological, simple and cheap to manufacture, which was especially important in the conditions of a difficult, protracted war, with a constant lack of material and labor resources. Bezruchko-Vysotsky (design of the shutter and return system). Its production was deployed there, at the Sestroretsk Arms Plant, initially - for the needs of the Leningrad Front. While food for the Leningraders went to the besieged city along the road of life, not only refugees were taken back from the city, but also new weapons.

In total, about 500,000 PPS units of both modifications were produced during the war.