18 February 2015

Yesenin reveals himself in his poems. It enables everyone who reads poems to look directly into the soul of one of the most brilliant people in Russia at that time.

Biography of the poet

Sergei Yesenin was born on September 21 (October 3) in 1895 in the Ryazan province, the village of Konstantinovo, and died on December 28 in 1925 in Leningrad. All his life he passionately loved his homeland, which, of course, can be traced in many of his poems. The country inspired him to lyrics.

The inhabitants of Russia became heroes in poems. He often described a simple peasant life.

Unlike the same Nekrasov, Sergei Alexandrovich knew about peasant problems firsthand, since he himself was in the same situation.

Fate was favorable to him, and in 1904 the boy went to comprehend the basics of science at the Konstantinov Zemstvo School. Then he continued his studies at the parish school. After finishing it, Yesenin packed his things and moved to Moscow. There he first worked in a butcher's shop, then in a printing house. At the same time, I did not forget about training. He was a volunteer at the People's University. Shanyavsky, where he attended courses in history and philosophy.

The beginning of a poetic life

Working in a printing house made it possible to get acquainted with the writers and poets who came to be published. His first poems were published by the magazine "Mirok" in 1914. He was not embarrassed by the fact that he had to write on children's topics. Love in Yesenin's lyrics appeared later.

In 1915, Gorodetsky and Blok heard it for the first time. A year later he was drafted into the army. There was a war in which he became an orderly. At the same time, the first collection of poems "Radunitsa" was published, which brought him popularity.

Yesenin was loved by the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and her children. He spoke to them in Tsarskoe Selo.

New era

In the early 1920s, young Sergei Aleksandrovich discovers imagism and becomes its representative.

After a trip to Central Asia, he became interested in oriental motives, songs, poetry.

In the twenty-first year, an event occurs that changes his life. He falls in love with Isadora Duncan, a dancer whom he marries six months later. After the wedding, they went abroad and spent their honeymoon there. The couple stayed in America for four months.

Shortly after his return, the marriage broke up.

Yesenin devoted himself to publishing and a small bookstore. Until his death he traveled a lot.

Last years

In recent years, several criminal cases have been brought up against him for fights, drunkenness, and indecent behavior.

The Soviet government tried to support Yesenin, considering him a genius of that time. Rakovsky advised Dzerzhinsky to send the poet to a sanatorium, where he would be cured of drunkenness.

In 1925, Sergei Alexandrovich was forced to go to the hospital. But in December of the same year he signed out, took all the money from his savings and left for Leningrad. There he met with prominent writers and literary men, lived in an expensive hotel.

Yesenin suffered from depression. And in the same hotel, having written a couple of lines of a new poem, he hanged himself.

Love theme in Yesenin's lyrics

Sergei Alexandrovich was not just a poet, he was an artist and even a musician. Such a sensual artist's nature suffered from loneliness. He has been married three times. Changed one mistress after another. None of them brought him the long-awaited happiness.

But all of them were at one time a revelation for the poet. Each became a muse.

The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics was not similar to the same experiences in others. The author made it relevant and very intimate.

This theme began to sound from the very beginning in his poems. In the first works stylized as folklore, such as "Imitation of a Song," he relishes the desire to be loved, the opportunity to steal a girl's kiss. The poem is more like a lyrical tune.

Young love in Yesenin's work

He dedicated his first works to Anna Sardanovskaya. In them, Yesenin anticipates the joy of the upcoming meeting.

The theme of love in Yesenin's work later began to mix with the delight of the nature of his country. He endows flowers, trees, natural phenomena with characteristic female guises. For example, he compares Kashina to an innocent young birch. The moon is combing her long braids. And at the same time, the poem tells how a shepherd boy comes to a tree, which turns metaphorically into a girl. He hugs her bare knees. But this courtship is innocent.

Yesenin's book "Poems of Love" is also saturated with chaste feelings. It has not received the attention it deserves and has not been published. And then the theme of love in Yesenin's poems began to transform. She has changed.

Yesenin at the crossroads

His mood in the "Moscow tavern" is changing. Not only did Yesenin experience difficulties on a personal level. Russia was changing. An absolutely new state arose, with different moral values. It seemed to him that no one else would need his work.

At the same time, the poet began to seek solace in alcohol. He tried to numb the pain, and for a while he felt better. Since then, Yesenin could not deny himself.

Drunk with wine, he lost his innocence of stares. The poet writes "A Letter to a Woman", which became his confession, a confession that he gets drunk because of suffering.

The theme of love in Yesenin's work is now turning from a divine sign into a plague, into a disease. And he becomes a cynic who sees only the fleshly manifestations of something previously saint.

Women turn into a pack of dogs, ready to gnaw him. But at the end of the poem, the poet describes that he cannot hold back his tears, and asks for forgiveness.

Sergei tries to drown out his own pain with love. The theme of love in Yesenin's poetry becomes a medicine. And again his works become elated and full of hope.

New love

He has a new muse - Augusta Miklashevskaya. She heals Yesenin, makes it possible to create. The poet has a cycle of poems called "The Love of a Bully". He again idealizes the once hated feeling.

A striking example of this period of life can be called the verse "The blue fire swept over. Yesenin assures that for him this feeling arose as for the first time, and now he does not want scandals and quarrels. Alcohol is forgotten. Life took on bright colors. The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics has changed. The poet compared himself to a hooligan who had been tamed.

August became its new meaning. He even compared her to the Mother of God.

And in 1924 the poet began a new round in his life. He meets another muse in Batumi, Shagane. The lyricist dedicated many poems to her. For her he created "Persian motives". They are all like one recognition of their feelings.

He wrote that he does not know Persian, but the language is not a hindrance. The theme of love in Yesenin's poetry is clear to everyone. In this collection, a light feeling is mixed with nostalgia for the home.

Two sides are fighting in it. One of them goes crazy for the girl, the second cannot leave her homeland.

Final chords of the lyrics

Yesenin, after many attempts to find love, is finally disappointed in it. The last poems are more saturated with hatred of a light feeling, irony, cynicism. He notices only insincerity in the female field, sees his cunning. In one of the poems Yesenin calls the ladies empty.

Until the last moment, he believed that he could meet his dream, a real feeling. He wanted to see the ideal. In the poem "Leaves are Falling, Leaves are Falling," there is not so much despair as the desire to be loved, to surrender to love, to meet a pure girl with whom you can live until the end of your days. Yesenin wanted to calm down. And he was looking for one that could heal the wounds of a poet who had seen a lot.

Yesenin's lyrics convey to the readers the full and genuine range of his feelings. There is no lie in it. It fully corresponds to the poet's biography. All his emotions were splashed out on paper. It seemed that Yesenin was not hiding anything from others. He lived like an open wound.

Perhaps that is why his poetry is still so relevant today. She will always be popular, loved by many. After all, he spoke for people and about human feelings.

The poet understood this. The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics is accessible and understandable to everyone. Everyone is experiencing it. Most suffer from some kind of problem.

Love for Russia

There are different types of love lyrics. It can be addressed to relatives, loved ones, or it can refer to the whole state.

Yesenin was a favorite poet for the imperial family, and later became a national treasure under Soviet society. How could this happen?

The thing is that he spoke in a common language with the people. The theme of love in Yesenin's works was filled with gratitude to his country. He sacrificed his personal happiness more than once for her.

Most often, the Motherland reciprocated him.

Sergei Alexandrovich once noticed that all his lyrics live only thanks to his love for Russia. In his poetry, this name occurs, perhaps more often than all the others.

Yesenin never tired of making confessions of his feelings for Russia. This love formed the basis of all his life deeds. She turned out to be stronger than the poet himself.

Everything that Yesenin felt, that surrounded him, was his homeland. It was difficult for him to separate one topic from another. Love for his state was woven into other plots. Very often, she connected with female images and became even more personal.

For example, his lines about autumn describe a girl "drunk" by others, with fatigue in her eyes.

The nature of Russia has always been for Yesenin something alive, with soul and heart. Animals and trees, the seasons become as important as the images of women.

Perhaps only this beauty, tenderness of the environment kept for a long time the depression that Sergei Yesenin was experiencing. The theme of love for nature became his outlet.

Poet and politics

He was not blind in his love. Sergei Alexandrovich saw the depravity of the work of the peasants, their hard life. The February revolution was an unprecedented achievement and progress for him. He hoped for a change.

Yesenin is disappointed that not the Socialist-Revolutionaries, but the Bolsheviks come to power, and they are no longer interested in culture.

Over time, the poet made attempts to come to terms with and love the new government. He practically got it after a trip to America. But later verses indicate that he perfectly remembers those times when power belonged to the monarchy, and it is difficult for him to keep up with progress.

This work is an essay prepared by the student of DITI NRNU MEPhI Fatkhutdinov M., under the guidance of Babenko S.B., teacher of Russian language and literature, for participation in a scientific-practical conference.

abstract

"Many women loved me, and I myself loved more than one"

(the theme of love in the works of S. Yesenin)

Completed:

Student Fatkhutdinov Marat

Student DITI NRNU MEPhI 131 groups

Dimitrovgrad,

2012 r.

Introduction

“Many women loved me,

And I myself have loved more than one "

Yesenin's poetry, like his short life, amazes with its sincerity, heightened longing of feelings, which told about what darkened, worried, pleased his soul.

The theme of love permeates the work of any poet, musician, artist. Sometimes it seems that everything has already been said, however, everyone finds a new, their own sound, because love is an intimate feeling, and everyone loves in their own way, therefore this theme in art is eternal.

In the works of S. Yesenin, the theme of love sounds in the earliest poems. First, these are works of folklore and poetry, for example, "Imitation of a Song", written in 1910: "I wanted to flicker foamy streams // From your scarlet lips with pain to break a kiss." The poem is like a folk lyric song.

Later, in love lyrics, motifs appear that merge the poetry of love with the poetry of nature, conveying the sublime spirituality of feeling and its chastity.

A completely different "love" appears in the "Moscow tavern". The beginning of the 1920s is a time of the poet's mental crisis, rushing between old and new Russia, feeling his uselessness. He sought consolation in drunkenness and revelry. It seems that he is not capable of a bright feeling. In "Letter to a Woman" Yesenin admits:And I bent over a glass, so that, without suffering for anyone,
Ruin yourself In a drunken frenzy ...

Now he sees love not as a wonderful bright feeling, but as a misfortune, a whirlpool: "I did not know that love is an infection, I did not know that love is a plague." This disappointment gives rise to cynical, vulgar, rude lines: “Rash, harmonica. Boredom ... Boredom ... The accordion player pours his fingers in a wave. Drink with me lousy bitch, Drink with me They loved you, mocked you - Unbearable. " Such a disrespectful attitude towards a woman appears for the first time in art. Words of insult are addressed to all women: "a pack of dogs." However, at the end, the hero sheds sentimental tears and asks for forgiveness: “Honey, I'm crying. //Sorry Sorry...". The hero still tries to seek consolation in love, with love he tries to heal bleeding wounds of the soul.

Love for a woman cannot drown out another feeling - love for one's native land, homesickness. The poems of the last period of creativity are full of contempt for insincerity in relationships, rejection of female slyness, the poet condemns "light-minded, deceitful and empty women." Yesenin always dreamed of pure love that elevates a person; in recent years, in his work, he glorifies the ideal of a joyful, bright feeling. "Leaves are falling, leaves are falling ..." - a poem written by a man tired of the blows of fate, a man looking for a safe haven: "Now I would like a good one // See the girl under the window." Only such a real feeling can calm the "heart and chest".

The poet's love lyrics captured a whole range of human feelings. Like all of his work, it is autobiographical and truthful, it reveals the personality of the poet, his soul. Yesenin's love poetry, according to N. Rylenkov, is able to quench "the thirst for human tenderness." Each reader finds in his poems his own vision of love, because "all in the world from people sing and repeat the Song of Love."

You can tell a lot about those women with whom fate brought him together. Each of them uniquely, in its own way, came into contact with the love, friendship of the poet.

Sardanovskaya Anna Alekseevna

P the first love of Sergei Yesenin was Anyuta Sardanovskaya, the granddaughter of a priest, together with her Yesenin studied at the diocesan school, she was the sister of a childhood friend of the poet... Youthful love. He will write about her later.

At fifteen
I loved it to the liver
And I thought sweetly
I will only retire
What am I on this
The best of the girls
Having reached the age, I will marry.

A wonderful time of half-adolescence, fullness! Marvelous long summer evenings, endless winter nights, when the soul boils, conversations, Attraction repulsion, bashful and therefore even hotter and uncontrollable love. Anna Sardanovskaya! Anna Sardanovskaya! Her name

an already famous poet will take for his best poem. And then -

an overflow of feelings, joy and doubt - and lines, lines,

lines ... (The poem “Over the mountains behind the yellow

distances ". Others have not survived.). And a premonition of the future, and sweet

the severity of the vocation, and the growing call of fate - everything, everything merged,

anna Sardanovskaya concentrated in these two words.

Once upon a time at that gate

I was sixteen years old

And the girl in the white cape

Told me affectionately: "No!"

They were far, lovely! ..

That image in me has not faded away.

We all loved these years

But that means they loved us too.

The relationship between Yesenin and Anna did not work out, Anna married another and died in childbirth. Yesenin had many women, but he always remembered his first love and by the end of his life he wrote the poem "Anna Snegina". “Anna Snegina” is a heartfelt memory of Anna Sardanovskaya.

TO ashina Lidia Ivanovna

In the image of Anna Snegina, the features of the landowner Lydia Kashina, with whom the poet was fascinated, were also embodied. The poet often visited Kashina's house. Lydia Ivanovna was a young, interesting, educated woman.History confirms: a young poet already known throughout Moscow came to the “house with a mezzanine” at the invitation of Lydia Kashina herself - she was interested in his work and asked to read poetry. Anna Andreevna remembered this visit well. It was frosty and sunny that day, and a young snow fell. Sergei, it seemed to Stupenkova, crossed the threshold not without timidity and with curiosity. “It’s as if I’ve ascended an altar,” Anna Andreevna recalled.
In the poem, Yesenin tells about this meeting differently:
There was such a modest boy
And now ...
Come on ...
Here.
Writer…
Famous bump ...
He will not come to us without a request.

The poet dedicated the poem "Green Hair". In the poem “A green fragile girl is compared to a thin birch tree peeping into a pond, her pigtails to branches tidied up with a moon comb. The birch girl reveals "the secret of ... tree thoughts", tells about the shepherd, who comes to her "starry night". This is the first feeling of a girl who is inexperienced in love joys. In the spirit of chastity, Yesenin planned to endure the book "Poems of Love", but this cycle was never completed.

Green hairstyle,

Girlish breasts

Oh thin birch,

What looked into the pond?

Open up, tell me a secret

Your tree thoughts

I fell in love - sad

Your pre-autumn noise.

The following line is preserved in the draft of this poem: “ Goodbye, my bride to new cranes". The one to whom this line was dedicated could not be Yesenin's bride. But intonation, frankness, involuntarily push to the identification of the lyrical hero with the author himself, and the quivering birch with the young woman who inspired the poet - Lydia Ivanovna Kashina.

AND zryadnova Anna Romanovna

In 1912, Sergei Yesenin, at the age of 17, came to conquer Moscow. Considering himself a poet, Yesenin refused to work with his father as a clerk in a butcher's shop and chose a place with a tiny salary in a printing house, hoping to print his poems here. In the proofreader's office, none of the employees recognizes him as a poet (they are preparing works of great Russian poets for publication!), And the editorial offices of newspapers and magazines, where the young man shows his poems, refuse to publish them. Only the student Anya, Anna Izryadnova, who also served as a proofreader for Sytin, was able to see a real poet in a boy who was four years younger than her. How she understood him! How she loved him! On weekends, they go to classes at Shanyavsky University together, talk a lot about poetry and literature. After work, Yesenin escorts Anna home in Pavlovsky Lane 2, and then returns to Serpukhovka, where he lives with his father in a small room.

Anna became his first woman. Sergei felt like a grown man, a husband. For Yesenin, this period became the most abundant in his work. He wrote 70 beautiful poems. It was from this time that he took place as a poet. Undoubtedly, his creative growth was facilitated by living in Moscow, communication with writers and publishers, classes at Shanyavsky University, work in a proofreader, but most importantly, his love for Anna. This combination of talent and love in the poet's life should be considered the "Izryadnovsky" period. And it is not by chance that the main lines appeared at this time:

If the Holy Rath calls out:

"Throw you Rus, live in paradise!"

I will say: "No need for heaven.

Give me my homeland. "

On March 21, 1914, Anna became pregnant and for several months diligently hid the pregnancy from everyone. Time passed. At the sixth month, Anna could no longer hide the pregnancy from her relatives. The news of extramarital affairs and the expectation of a child was hard to accept in the Izryadnov family. Anna was forced to leave. She rented a room near the Serpukhovsky outpost and began to live with Yesenin together.

Watches slumber quietly in the fog.

Do not be sad, my white hut,

That again we are alone and alone.

Cleans a month in a thatched roof

Cuffed with blue horns.

I did not follow her and did not leave

See off for deaf haystacks.

I know the years will drown the alarm.

This pain, like the years, will pass.

And the mouth and the innocent soul

For another, she protects.

He who asks for joy is not strong

Only the proud live in power.

And the other will wear out and abandon,

Like a clamp eaten by raw materials.

Work, home, family, Anna is expecting a child, and there is not enough time and energy for poetry. For inspiration, Sergei leaves for the Crimea. One. He returned full of impressions and inspiration. He quit his job and wrote poetry all day. Anna did not contradict and did not demand anything from him. I just loved. It was so comfortable for him. In December 1914, Yesenin took his wife to the hospital. He was terribly proud when his son was born. By the time Anna returned from the hospital, he washed the room to a shine and prepared dinner. The 19-year-old father was staring in surprise at the tiny face of his son, looking for his features in it, and could not stop looking at it. He named the baby George, Yurochka.
In her memoirs, Anna Romanovna wrote:

At the end of December my son was born. Yesenin had to spend a lot of time with me (we only lived together). They had to send me to the hospital, take care of the apartment. When I returned home, he was in perfect order: everywhere was washed, the ovens were heated, and even dinner was ready and a cake was bought, he was waiting. He looked at the child with curiosity, kept repeating: "Here I am and the father." Then he soon got used to it, fell in love with him, rocked him, lulled him, sang songs over him. He made me, rocking me, to sing: "You sing him more songs." In March 1915 he went to Petrograd to seek his fortune. In May of the same year I arrived in Moscow, already different. I spent a little time in Moscow, went to the countryside, wrote good letters. In the fall I stopped by: "I'm going to Petrograd." I called with me ... Immediately he said: "I'll be back soon, I won't live there for a long time."

But Yesenin did not return to Anna. In the capital he was received with enthusiasm. Soon the first book of poetry came out. A severe world war was going on. The poet was drafted into the army. He served on an ambulance train, delivering the wounded from the front. Then the February Revolution took place. The poet deserted from Kerensky's army. In the summer of 1917, with his friend, the poet Alexei Ganin, he decided to leave for the province. The poet was nineteen years old when he arrived in Moscow. There he met Anna Izryadnova. He found a soul mate in her. They spent days together, he was the first to read his poems to her, in the evenings he accompanied her on foot through all of Moscow. Anna sheltered Yesenin at home, became his common-law wife and in 1914 bore him a son, Yuri. Yesenin loved his son very much, Anna was the only person he trusted infinitely.

Her memory was sacred. He came to her to burn the manuscripts, he came to her on the fateful day of his departure to Leningrad, in December 1925, feeling that he was about to be killed, went to say goodbye, said: “Take care of your son”. Apparently, the poet's heart foresaw trouble. Cruel consideration awaited his son, who was just as independent, courageous in judgment, who also wrote poetry. In 1937, he was arrested and shot after sadistic torture.

Memories of the first serious love, of the family, which was so difficult and painfully created and yet did not take place, of the first-born son as the most sonorous and, at the same time, sad song, was amazingly expressed in a poem of 1916, when first published (in March ) called "Warm Evening":

I know the years will drown the alarm.
This pain, like the years, will pass.
And the mouth and the innocent soul
For others, she protects ...
I'm not waiting for fate out of longing,
It will turn the powder viciously.
And she will come to our land
Warm up your baby.
He takes off his fur coat and unties the shawl,
Will sit with me by the fire.
And calmly and affectionately say
That the child is like me.

Z inaida Nikolaevna Raikh

She was called a demonic woman who playfully ruined the lives of two genius men. Who was she? A poet's muse? Leading actress of the Meyerhold Theater? Or just a woman who loved and was loved?

In 1917, in the editorial office of the newspaper "Delo Narodu", where Yesenin's poems were published, the poet met a funny, lively girl Zinaida Reich. With her, he goes on a journey to the North, to Solovki and Murmansk. They decide to get married, get married. They bought wedding rings, dressed up the bride, there was no money for a wedding bouquet, but they were happy. The bride was beautiful, she wanted to have a family, he was in love.

At first everything was fine, they rented an apartment on Liteiny. One day they threw wedding rings out the window and immediately rushed to look for them. With the move to Moscow, family life began to crumble. Even despite the birth of Tatiana's daughter in May 1918 and Konstantin's son in March 1920, family life did not work out. They divorced in 1921, Zinaida became an actress and married Meyerhold. Zinaida was the most beloved woman close to Yesenin, and Zinaida was very fond of Yesenin. Reich wrote a letter to Stalin, asking him to honestly tell about the death of Sergei Yesenin.And she, like the first son of the poet, suffered a terrible fate. In 1939, she was brutally murdered in her own apartment, stabbed to death. In Yesenin's poems there is no direct mention of Zinaida Nikolaevna, but he will write her poem after poem, one better than the other. For example, “Letter to a Woman”.

Do you remember,

You all, of course, remember

How I stood

Approaching the wall

Excitedly you walked around the room

And something sharp

They threw it in my face.

You said:

It's time for us to part

What has tortured you

My crazy life

That it's time for you to get down to business,

And my lot is

Beloved!

You didn't love me.

You did not know that in the crowd of people

I was like a horse driven in soap

Spurred by a bold rider.

You didn't know

I'm in solid smoke

In a life torn apart by a storm

That's why I am tormented that I do not understand -

Where the rock of events takes us.

Face to face

You can't see the face.

The poem "The evening made black eyebrows ...", although included by the poet in the cycle "The love of a bully", which is usually associated with the name of another woman, is still dedicated to Zinaida Nikolaevna.

Maybe tomorrow will be completely different

I will leave, healed forever.

Listen to songs of rains and bird cherries,

Than a healthy person lives.

I will forget the dark forces

That tormented me, ruining.

The look is affectionate! The look is cute!

Only one I will not forget you.

And, finally, the poem "Flowers tell me - goodbye", written two months before the death of the poet, is addressed again to her.

Flowers tell me goodbye

Heads bowing lower

That I will never see

Her face and homeland.

And, listening to the song in silence,

Lover with another lover

Perhaps he will remember me

How about a unique flower.

AT olpin Nadezhda Davydovna

Nadezhda Volpin. She occupied a special place in Yesenin's life. Remember the last lines from "Shagane ..."?

“There's a girl in the north too.

She looks terribly like you.

Maybe he is thinking about me ... "

This is just about her. Fate gave Yesenin friendship with a very interesting person - Nadezhda Davydovna Volpin. The very Nadya who was madly in love with the poet. They often met and talked. She idolized him, appreciated his poetic gift. She gave birth to Yesenin's son Alexander, a talented mathematician, a poet who knew exile, served in a prison psychiatric hospital, expelled from the country in 1975 in the United States.

18-year-old Nadezhda Volpin met Sergei Yesenin in the fall of 1919 at the Union of Poets. At that time she was a member of the "Green Workshop" youth group, created under the Union. They often met in a cafe where poets gathered and read their poems from the stage. One evening, when Sergei Yesenin was asked to read poetry, and he, as often happened to him, was either flirting, or really did not want to read and refused, Nadezhda turned to him. She applied persistently and warmly. And unexpectedly for her, he agreed. I started reading new poems ...

Young Nadezhda was peculiarly pretty. And it is known that the poet could not miss a single skirt. From that moment it all started. They began to meet almost daily in the same cafe or walked along the Moscow streets. Yesenin often accompanied Nadya and often went to her house to drink tea.
The life of that time was difficult and hungry, the girl was forced to move from place to place. And each time the poet was surprised at the disorder of his girlfriend's life and persistently tried to take care of her. By the way, at that time Yesenin was still legally married to Zinaida Reich, and they had two children. True, they lived apart, although the divorce was not officially formalized. What was Nadezhda to do? She became very attached to Sergei and realized that her feeling for the poet was love. Gradually, Nadezhda and Yesenin became inseparable. They were connected not only by poetry, but also by passion, which flared up once and flared up like fire.

B yenislavskaya Galina Arturovna

At the Vagankovskoye cemetery in Moscow, two steps from the grave of Sergei Yesenin, a small slab of white marble seems to grow out of the ground. It says: "Galina Arturovna Benislavskaya". This is the name of love that has become stronger than death.

In the life of Sergei Yesenin, there are many unclear, except, perhaps, his murder and this, albeit difficult, but at the same time sincere love for him by Galina Benislavskaya ...

On November 4, 1920, at the literary evening "The Trial of the Imagists" Yesenin met Galina Benislavskaya. "This girl, intelligent and deep, loved Yesenin devotedly and selflessly." She conducted his literary affairs, talked with his close friends, cared, loved, was jealous, tolerated his betrayal.

From the diary of G. Benislavskaya: "Before Sergei, I did not love anyone. Here I clearly understood that I can give everything: both the principles (not to get married), and the body (which until then I could not even imagine), and not only I can, but I want it. I know that I immediately put an end to my dream of independence, and - obeyed. I did not know that in the future I would fight this feeling and inflate the slightest disposition in myself for others, just to get rid of Sergei, from this blessed and a painful illness ... "

So selflessly, as Galina loved, they rarely love. Yesenin considered her the closest friend, but did not see her as a woman. Slender, green-eyed, braids almost to the floor, but he did not notice this, talked about his feelings for others.

Galina considered him her husband, he also told her: "Galya, you are very good, you are the closest friend, but I do not love you ..."

Yesenin's death shocked her ...

After the death of a loved one, Galina "cut herself off" from all living things and lived in the past. Everything that did not concern Yesenin did not interest her. She put Sergei's papers in order, which remained in her archive, wrote memoirs about him. And a year later, in the same blizzard December in which her love was buried, she shot herself at his grave ...

Gali's suicide note: "She killed herself" here; although I know that after that even more dogs will be hanged on Yesenin. But neither he nor I will care. In this grave for me everything is most precious ... "

She is buried next to him. People are mortal, love is immortal.The words “Faithful Galya” were inscribed on the monument.

What to wish for under the burden of everyday life?

Cursing your lot and your home,

I would like a good one now

See the girl under the window.

So that with her eyes

Vasilkov,

Only me -

Not to anyone -

And with words and new feelings

Calmed the heart and chest. "

AND isadora Duncan

Isadora Duncan did not speak Russian, Yesenin did not understand English. But this did not interfere with their love.

In 1921, the famous actress, world-famous dancer Isadora Duncan appeared in Russia, who decided to open a dance school in Russia. She met with Yesenin in the studio of the artist Yakulov. The poet struck her imagination. Knowing a few words in Russian, she said: “Angel, angel”. Isadora Duncan and the poet fell in love with each other. Their feelings raged, it was a great passion both from him and from her. Her fate as a mother was terrible, her children, a boy and a girl, died in a car accident, she painfully experienced their death, wanted to commit suicide. In 1922, Yesenin and Duncan registered their marriage and went abroad. They traveled a lot. But the poet yearned for home, for Russia. Isadora was 17 years older than Sergei Yesenin. She loved him madly, suffered, worried when the poet drank a lot; a year and a half of painful family life undermined the strength and health of both. Isadora turned into an elderly, heavy woman with an ugly red face (according to Gorky's recollections). Once in Germany, looking for her husband for three days, she found him in a tavern; he was hiding from Isadora with the poet Kusikov. Bursting into a tavern in a red tunic, with a whip, she broke the dishes there.

Many poems have been written abroad, but in these verses there is pain for those Russians who are forced to live abroad.

Drink here again, fight and cry

Under the harmonics, yellow sadness.

Cursing your failures

They remember Moscow Russia.

Yesenin was tired of living abroad, tired of family quarrels, scandals, they returned to Russia. He was very happy to have returned to his homeland. He was happy like a child. I touched houses and trees with my hands. He assured that everything, even the sky and the moon, are different than they have there. Yesenin and Duncan break up. Yesenin wants new feelings, he wants to love again. Isadora's life was tragically cut short, she died in 1938 while walking by car, when her light scarf, wrapped around her neck, fell into the wheel of a car and instantly strangled her. Returning to Russia, Yesenin had to experience a lot. Homelessness, illness, drinking with friends, conflicts with imagists, provocations began against him, he had to go through the slander of literary critics, persecution in the press. He had to go through denunciations, interrogations, and legal threats.

The result of Yesenin's acquaintance with A. Duncan and their travels across Europe was the cycle "Moscow tavern":« Evening black eyebrows raised ... "
"All living things with a special meta ...""Yes! Now it's decided. No return ... ""Darling, let's sit next to ...""A blue fire swept around ...""The world is mysterious, my world is ancient ...""I'm sad to look at you ...""I have one fun left ...""I do not regret, do not call, do not cry...""Do not swear! Such a thing ... "“Sing, sing. On the damned guitar ... ""Let you be drunk to others ...""They drink here again, fight and cry ...""My side, my side ...""Don't torture me with coolness ...""You are as simple as ...""This street is familiar to me ...""I will not deceive myself ..."

Let you be drunk by others
But I have left, I have left
Glass smoke of your hair
And the eyes are autumn tired.

Oh, the age of autumn! He me
More expensive than youth and summer.
I began to like you twice
The poet's imagination.

I never lie with my heart
And therefore to the voice of swagger
I can say fearlessly
That I say goodbye to hooliganism.

M iklashevskaya Augusta Leonidovna

In the fall of 1923, fate gave Yesenin a meeting with Augusta Leonidovna Miklashevskaya, an actress of the Chamber Theater, a wonderful, gentle, beautiful woman. The poet dedicated to her masterpieces of love lyrics, wonderful love poems.

The cycle "Hooligan's Love" is dedicated to Augusta Miklashevskaya. Love for this woman was healing for the sick and devastated soul of the poet. A spiritualized feeling for Miklashevskaya enlightens, elevates and inspires Yesenin to be creative, makes him again and again believe in the importance of an ideal feeling. In the poem "A blue fire swept around ..." he exclaims: "For the first time I sang about love, // For the first time I renounce making trouble." The lyrical hero admits: "I didn't like drinking and dancing // And losing my life without looking back." He sees the meaning of his existence in looking at his beloved, "seeing the eye of a golden-brown whirlpool", touching her thin hand and her hair "in color in autumn." He tries to prove "how he knows how to love a bully, how he knows how to be submissive."

In love, in the woman he loves, the lyrical hero sees the meaning of existence: "I would go after you forever." This is the revival of a hardened heart, the ringing song of the healed Lyra. The love line continues its development in the poem "You are so simple as everyone else", where the portrait of the beloved is presented to the lyrical hero by the strict iconic face of the Mother of God.

A blue fire swept around

Forgotten birthplaces.

The first time I sang about love

For the first time I renounce making a row.

I was all - like a neglected garden,

He was greedy for women and potions.

Lost drinking and dancing

And lose your life without looking back.

He sang earthly features in the guise of his beloved.

You are as simple as everyone else

Like a hundred thousand others in Russia.

You know the lonely dawn

You know the cold of autumn is blue.

Augusta Leonidovna recalled: “I remember how he was sitting on the carpet at my feet, holding my hands and saying:“ Beautiful, beautiful ... I will write poetry for you ... ”. According to the testimony of friends, “some kind of pacified, unusually calm Yesenin and Miklashevskaya under a thin bluish veil is a Blok spectacle. Happy friends who saw Yesenin at the time of his last love. It casts, as it were, a reflection on all subsequent lyrics of the poet ”.

In 1923, Miklashevskaya and Yesenin became engaged, but it did not lead to an eternal union. Fate decreed otherwise. In one of the meetings on the street, he told her: "I have lived with you all our life."

Sh agane

The brightest cycle of lyric poems "Persian motives", written in the Caucasus (1924-1925). In “Persian motives” love “is not a sensual tremor,” not a “hot-tempered connection,” but the warmth and tenderness of Yesenin's heart, expressed in gentle words addressed to the oriental beauty.

Cute hands - a pair of swans -

In the gold of my hair they dive.

Everything in this world is made of people

The song of love is sung and repeated.

In 1924, the poet met the Armenian teacher Shahandukht Talyan. Friendship developed between them. They met, roamed the streets. The poet told her about Russia, about relatives, about his life. Shagane talked a lot about herself, she had a difficult life. She lost her family early, first her mother died, then her father. Then the beloved husband dies. Shagane was interesting to Yesenin, it was easy, calm with her. Yesenin creates a cycle of poems about Shagane. Yesenin sees in her a beautiful representative of an Eastern woman, and Shagane treats with great respect for Yesenin's poetic gift.

Working on poems from the cycle "Persian motives", S. Yesenin in the poetic imagination creates the image of a beautiful Persian woman. A meeting in Batumi with a beautiful oriental woman inspired the poet even more. According to the recollections of contemporaries, Shagane Talyan “was outwardly attractive: slender, graceful, with regular facial features, delicate and clean skin. The wavy brown hair was fine. And the eyes seemed enviably beautiful: large, brown, now mockingly sparkling, now tenderly shining. And if in the first two poems of "Persian motives" only a nameless oriental woman is mentioned, then in the third poem the poet addresses the heroine by the name: "You are mine, Shagane!" Of course, this is a generalized poetic name, but the impetus for its creation could have been a meeting with Shahane Talyan. S. Yesenin read her a poem "You are my Shagane, Shagane ...", gave the girl an autograph of this poem, and on January 4 the poet handed the book "Moscow tavern" with a dedication: "My dear Shagane. You are pleasant and sweet to me. S. Yesenin. 4.1.25. Batum ".

Shagane you are mine, Shagane!

About wavy rye in the moonlight.
Shagane you are mine, Shagane.

Because I'm from the north or something
That the moon is a hundred times bigger there,
No matter how beautiful Shiraz is,
It is no better than Ryazan's expanse.
Because I'm from the north, or something.

I'm ready to tell you the field
I took this hair from the rye,
If you want, knit on your finger -
I don't feel any pain at all.
I'm ready to tell you the field.

About wavy rye under the moon
Guess my curls.
Honey, joke, smile
Do not wake only the memory in me
About wavy rye in the moonlight.

Shagane you are mine, Shagane!
There, in the north, the girl too
She looks terribly like you
Maybe thinking of me ...

Shagane you are mine, Shagane. Yesenin and Shagane parted in February 1925, two months later the poet returned to Moscow.

FROM ofya Andreevna Tolstaya

He decisively changes his fate and marries Sofya Andreevna Tolstoy, the granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy. Yesenin was proud that he became related to Tolstoy, having married his granddaughter Sophia on March 5, 1925. She was 5 years younger than Yesenin, the blood of the greatest writer in the world flowed in her veins. She was in charge of the library of the Writers' Union.

Sweetheart, I'm about to turn thirty.

And the land is dearer to me every day.

That's why the heart will begin to dream

That I am burning with pink fire!

Many friends considered Yesenin's marriage a rash step, and the poet himself was not sure that he was doing the right thing. Sophia loved Yesenin! She said that constantly some types, drunk and dirty, were staying in their house ... They slept on an ottoman, or beds, ate and drank and used Yesenin's money ... But Sonya did not have new shoes, boots, nothing new, everything old, worn down ... Sofya Andreevna tried to pull him out of the unhealthy environment, surround him with care, kept records of his statements, wrote down poetry. Yesenin found it difficult to get used to a new life. Returning from the psychiatric hospital, he stopped by Sophia to pick up his things; and straight from there he went to Leningrad, where in a few days they would find him hanged in the hotel room "Angleterre" ... Sofia Tolstaya, Yesenin's last beloved, devoted her life to creating two museums - her husband and her great grandfather ... She passed away in 1957.

Sophia Tolstaya is another unfulfilled hope of Yesenin to start a family. Coming from an aristocratic family, according to the memoirs of Yesenin's friends, very arrogant, proud, she demanded respect for etiquette and unquestioning obedience. These qualities of her were in no way combined with the simplicity, generosity, gaiety, and mischievous character of Sergei. She had a bitter lot: to survive the hell of the last months of her life with Yesenin. And then, in December 1925, go to Leningrad for his body.

E senina Tatiana Fyodorovna

Our story about the beloved women of Sergei Yesenin would be incomplete if we did not tell about Yesenin's holy love for his mother and sisters. He spoke with enthusiasm about them, he helped them study in Moscow, helped with money, made gifts. In poetry, the poet shares his innermost feelings and thoughts with family. Many poems are dedicated to Sister Shura. “I have not seen such beautiful ones,” the poet wrote about her. Feeling for the mother is reverent, sacred for the poet. He captured her in sincere, heartfelt lines.

Are you still alive, my old lady?

I am also alive. Hello to you, hello!

Let it flow over your hut

That untold evening light.

Mom for the poet was the most beloved and dear woman in life ...

I'm still as gentle

And I only dream about

So that rather from rebellious melancholy

Return to our low house ...

(Excerpt from the poem * Letter to mother *)

Once they asked Tatyana Fedorovna Yesenina why she wears black all the time. She replied: “Everyone calls me a Nun, but that's not why I wear black: as I buried Sergei, I don't take this outfit off.” Sighing, she added: "Sergei was gentle, you never know what they say about him, but he was not at all like that ..." This was said after the death of the poet. Said by the mother. The one to which the poet confessed.

Sweetheart, kind, old, tender,

Do not be friends with sad thoughts.

Listen - to this snowy harmonica

I'll tell you about my life.

Conclusion

"No matter how I swear to someone in mad love, no matter how I assure myself of the same, - all this, in essence, is a huge and fatal mistake. There is something that I love above all women, above any woman, and that I will not trade for any kindness or love. This is art ... "

Yesenin.

The poet's love lyrics captured a whole range of human feelings. Like all his work, it is autobiographical and truthful, it reveals the personality of the poet, his soul. Yesenin's love poetry, according to N. Rylenkov, is able to quench "the thirst for human tenderness." Each reader finds in his poems his own vision of love, because “all people in the world sing and repeat the Song of Love”.

Sergei Yesenin, probably more than other poets, strove with his soul for goodness and love. Because this love, these feelings so brightly, so warmly illuminate all of his work. Even more - all his life, and, perhaps, this is what allowed A. Tolstoy to say: "His poetry is, as it were, scattering the treasures of his soul with both handfuls."

Bibliography

1. Bashkov VP Journey to the homeland of Sergei Yesenin [text] / VP Bashkov, - M .; Enlightenment, 1991 - 159s.
2. Egorova N. V. Lesson development on Russian literature [text] / N. V. Egorova, - M .; Wako, 2005 - 365s.
3. Koshechkin S. Sergei Yesenin Poems and poems [text] / S. Koshechkin, - M .; Young Guard, 1989 - 192s.
4. Kunyaev S. Roman newspaper Sergei Yesenin [text] / S. Kunyaev, - M .; People's magazine, 1996 - 144p.
5. Lesnevsky S. S. In the world of Esenin Collection of articles [text] / S. S. Lesnevsky, - M .; Soviet writer, 1986 - 656s.
6. Marchenko A. M. Yesenin S. A. Poems Poems [text] / A. M. Marchenko, - M .; Bustard: Veche, 2002 - 336p.
7. Prokushev Yu. L. Cradle of poetry [text] / Yu. L. Prokushev, - M .; Enlightenment, 1982 - 175s.
8. Prokushev Yu. L. Sergei Yesenin Collected works in two volumes Volume 1 [text] / Yu. L. Prokushev, - M .; Soviet Russia: Contemporary, 1990 - 480s.
9. Prokushev Yu. L. Sergei Yesenin Collected works in three volumes Volume 3 [text] / Yu. L. Prokushev, - M .; True, 1983 - 416s.
10. Events I. S. Sergei Yesenin Biography of the writer [text] / I. S. Eventov, - M .; Enlightenment, 1987 - 159s.
11. Club bulletin Sergey Yesenin [text] / - M .; 2002

Lesson number 38

Topic: Love theme in the lyrics of Sergei A. Yesenin

Date:

Goal:

Educational: analyze the love lyrics of S. Yesenin,show the dynamics of the development of love lyrics, the dynamics of the development of feelings and experiences of the lyric hero; explore color images in Yesenin's lyrics at different stages of creativity;

Developing: improve expressive reading skills;

Educational: foster interest in the works of Russian literature, respect for the culture of the people.

Lesson type: exploratory

Forms of student work: work of research groups

Equipment: projector, computer, presentation

During the classes

1. Entering the topic of the lesson (2 min)

There is an epigraph on the blackboard: “Everything in this world is made of people

The song of love is sung and repeated "

S. Yesenin

The teacher reads a poem:

In this name the word "esen"
Autumn, ash, fall color.
There is something in him from Russian songs -
High heavens, quiet places,
Birch blue and dawn blue.
There is also something from spring sadness,
Youth and purity ...
They will only say - "Sergei Yesenin"
All of Russia is getting features ...

Dear guys, today we continue our acquaintance with the lyrics of Sergei Yesenin. The creativity of each poet is multifaceted, and its themes are diverse. In the last lesson, we talked about how the theme of the Motherland was reflected in Yesenin's poems. Our topic today is the love lyrics of S. Yesenin. Write the topic of the lesson in a notebook.

Let's think and decide what goals we will set for ourselves in this lesson?

2. Creation of conditions for conscious perception of new material (3 min)

2.1. Motivation for learning activities

Students take turns reading the love statements of the great poets.

Teacher: So what do these great lines have in common?

(Student responses)

Of course, the theme of love in all ages, at all times interested people, did not leave almost anyone indifferent. And how else, without love there would be no life.

2.2. Working on a problematic issue

Teacher: Now that we have analyzed the statements of poets and writers about love, let's try to answer: is love a reward or a punishment?

(Student responses)

In the course of the lesson, I propose to decide what it was for Sergei Yesenin.

“I never lie with my heart,” Yesenin said about himself. Indeed, his works are extremely piercingly sincere. The Russian soul itself rings, rejoices, yearns, rushes about, “walks in agony” in them. The subject of our conversation will be Yesenin's poems about love.

3. Entering the text (2 min)

Teacher: Guys, in the previous lessons, you and I formed three expert groups, each of which had to investigate its own stage in the development of Sergei Yesenin's love lyrics. The researchers divided Yesenin's work according to the seasons. So what four periods can we distinguish? Write in your notebook:

1.1914-1917. - Spring

2.1917-1919 - summer

3.1919-mid1925 - autumn

4th half of 1925 - winter.

4. Work of research groups (25 min)

Teacher: Love motives arose in the poet's student debuts, in the second year of his stay at the church teacher's school in Spas-Klepiki. And Yesenin was inspired by Anna Sardanovskaya, the sister of his friend. So, the floor is given to the first expert group that analyzed Yesenin's work of 1914-1917.

Expert Group 1 Report:

Pupil 1: Yesenin made friends with Anna Sardanovskaya even before leaving for Spas-Klepiki. Arriving in his native village in the summer, he often met with her. Old residents of Konstantin recall how “one summer evening Anna and Sergei, flushed, holding each other's hands, ran to the priest’s house and asked the nun who was there to separate them, saying:“ We love each other and in the future we promise to marry. Separate us. Let the one who betrays the first and marries or gets married, the second will beat him with brushwood. " Anna was the first to break the “agreement”. Arriving from Moscow, Yesenin wrote a letter, asking the same nun to give it to Anna, who after her marriage lived in a neighboring village. She, handing over the letter, asked: "What does Seryozha write?" Anna with sadness in her voice said: "He, mother, asks you to take a bunch of brushwood and beat me as long as you have the strength."

Student 2: Over the mountains, beyond the yellow valleys ...

Over the mountains, over the yellow valleys

There is a trail of villages.

I see the forest and the evening fire

And a wattle entwined with nettles.

There in the morning over the church heads

The heavenly sand turns blue

And ringing roadside grasses

Water breeze from the lakes.

Not for the songs of spring over the plain

Green expanse is dear to me -

I fell in love with longing crane

There is a monastery on a high mountain.

Every evening, as the blue becomes cloudy,

As dawn hangs on the bridge

You go my poor wanderer

Bow to love and the cross.

The gentle spirit of the monastery inhabitant,

You eagerly listen to the litany

Pray before the face of the Savior

For my lost soul.

Disciple 3: Anna Sardanovskaya briefly took a place in the poet's heart, but the memory of this hobby remained for years. Already a mature poet, 4 years after parting, Yesenin dedicated these poems to her. They were printed in 1916. A characteristic feature of this poem, like other poems about love of these years, is the complete absence of realities associated with past meetings and experienced feelings. The heroine of the poem is a poor wanderer whom the lyric hero calls upon to pray for his lost soul. These verses are imbued with light sadness about the unfulfilled. Here is a premonition of the poet's tragic fate: Pray before the face of the savior For my lost soul.

Pupil 1: In 1912, a seventeen-year-old country boy Seryozha Yesenin came to conquer Moscow and soon got a job as a proofreader at Sytin's printing house. In his brown suit and bright green tie, he looked like a city: not ashamed to go to the editorial office and meet a young lady. But the editorial office did not want to publish his poems, and the young ladies laughed at his dialect, tie and independent manners. Only the student Anya, Anna Izryadnova, who also served as a proofreader for Sytin, was able to see a real poet in a boy who was four years younger than her. In 1914, Sergei Yesenin entered into a civil marriage with Anna Izryadnova. The young people rented a room and started a family life. Izryadnova became the mother of the poet's first son, Yuri, who was born in Moscow on January 21, 1915. In March, Yesenin went to Petrograd for glory. They broke up. The last time Anna Izryadnova saw him was before the fatal trip to Leningrad in the fall of 1925. "He said that he had come to say goodbye, asked not to spoil, to take care of his son." Not saved. Yesenin Yuri Sergeevich, an aircraft technician, was shot on June 27, 1937 in Moscow on charges of preparing an assassination attempt on Stalin.

Student 3: The poet dedicated the poem "The red wings of the sunset are fading away ..." (1916) to Anna Izryadnova.

The red wings of the sunset are fading

Watches slumber quietly in the fog.

Do not be sad, my white hut,

That again we are alone and alone.

Cleans a month in a thatched roof

Cuffed with blue horns.

I did not follow her and did not leave

See off for deaf haystacks.

I know the years will drown the alarm.

This pain, like the years, will pass.

And the mouth and the innocent soul

For another, she protects.

He who asks for joy is not strong

Only the proud live in power.

And the other will wear out and abandon,

Like a clamp eaten by raw materials.

I'm not waiting for fate out of longing,

It will turn the powder viciously.

And she will come to our land

Warm up your baby.

He takes off his fur coat and unties the shawl,

Will perch with me by the fire ...

And calmly and affectionately say

That the child is like me.

Teacher: Thanks to the first research group. Guys, let's analyze what we can say about the mood of Yesenin's early lyrics? What is his love? What images touched you the most? What colors are prevalent in poems?

(Student responses)

Teacher: The floor is given to the second expert group, which analyzed Yesenin's love lyrics of 1917-1919.

Second expert group report:

Pupil 1: One day in the summer of 1917, Yesenin and a friend went to the editorial office of the newspaper Delo Naroda, where Sergei met his secretary, Zinochka. Zinaida Reich was a rare beauty. He had never seen anyone like him. Smart, educated, surrounded by fans, she dreamed of the stage. How did he persuade her to go with him to the North ?! They got married in a small church near Vologda, sincerely believing that they would live long, happily and die in one day. Returning, they settled with Zinaida. Her earnings were enough for two, and she tried to create all conditions for Seryozha for creativity. Yesenin was jealous. Sometimes he became simply unbearable, arranging ugly scandals for his pregnant wife.

Disciple 2: In 1918, the Yesenin family left Petrograd. Zinaida went to Oryol to give birth to her parents, and Sergei and a friend rented a small room in the center of Moscow where he healed like a bachelor: drinking, women, poetry ... The daughter was born in May 1918. Zinaida named her in honor of Sergei's mother - Tatyana. But when his wife and little Tanechka arrived in Moscow, Sergei met them so that the very next day Zinaida left back. Then Yesenin asked for forgiveness, they made peace, and again scandals began. After he beat her, pregnant with her second child, Zinaida fled from him to her parents completely. The son was named Kostya in honor of the village of Konstantinovo, where Yesenin was born. Subsequently, Zinaida became an actress in the theater of the famous director Vsevolod Meyerhold. In October 1921, Yesenin and Zinaida officially divorced, she married Meyerhold. The famous director raised Kostik and Tanechka, and Yesenin, as a proof of his love for children, carried their photograph in his breast pocket. Yesenin retained in his soul a painful love for his ex-wife, love - hatred for a woman who "easily gave to another." All this is reflected in the poem "Letter to a Woman"

Student 1: Please pay attention to the screen. The poem "Letter to a Woman" is read by Sergei Bezrukov.

(video clip)

This poem was written in 1924, although the events that the poet recalls took place in 1919. The break with his wife marked the beginning of a new period of the poet's love lyrics.

Teacher: Thanks to the second group. Guys, now let's answer the question: what distinguishes Yesenin's lyrics of the second period? What colors are prevalent? What can we say about the images of the work?

The floor is given to the third expert group, which analyzed the "autumn" and "winter" periods of Yesenin's work.

Report of the third expert group:

Student 1: The great American dancer Isadora Duncan was called "the queen of gesture." She was born in San Francisco, her mother taught music, her father - ancient languages. Once the great American ballerina Isadora Duncan, who arrived in Russia in 1921, was invited to a creative evening. It was here that she met Sergei Yesenin. It was love at first sight, seething passion, a hurricane. And it doesn't matter that Isadora hardly spoke Russian, and Sergei did not know English. They understood each other without words, because they were similar - talented, emotional, reckless. In May 1922, Yesenin and Duncan registered a marriage and left first to Europe, then to America. But there he went from a great poet to just Duncan's husband. From this he got angry, drank, walked, beat, then repented and declared his love. It was very difficult for him in Soviet Russia, but without Russia it was impossible. And the Yesenin couple - Duncan came back. She felt that the marriage was falling apart, she was insanely jealous and tormented. Having gone on tour to the Crimea, Isadora was waiting there for Sergei, who promised to come soon. But instead of him a telegram came: “I love another, married, happy. Yesenin ".

Student 2: Love for Isadora Duncan was not reflected in creativity
Yesenin, except for a cursory mention in the last poem
"Black man":
“And some woman
Forty plus years
Called a nasty girl
And my sweetheart. "

The poems of "Moscow tavern" did not have direct addressees. The women whom the poet addressed in them were nameless.

Suddenly Yesenin smiled at happiness. In the summer of 1923, Yesenin and his friends celebrated their engagement to the chamber theater artist Avgustina Miklashevskaya, a beautiful and talented actress of the Moscow Chamber Theater. And indeed Yesenin began to create again. He dedicated many works to Miklashevskaya. But the marriage failed. She is dedicated to 7 poems from the cycle "Hooligan's Love".

Disciple 3: A blue fire swept around,

Forgotten birthplaces.

I was all like a neglected garden,

He was greedy for women and potions.

I didn't like to sing and dance

And lose your life without looking back.

I would only look at you

To see the eye of a golden-brown whirlpool,

And so that, without loving the past,

You could not leave for another.

Light gait, gentle camp,

If you knew with a stubborn heart,

How a bully knows how to love

How he knows how to be submissive.

I'd forget the taverns forever

And I would have abandoned writing poetry,

Only use a thin hand to touch

And your hair is the color of autumn.

I would follow you forever

At least in theirs, at least in others' gave

The first time I sang about love

For the first time I renounce making a row.

Pupil 4: In the Caucasus, in 1924, Yesenin meets Shahane Talyan. Shagane was distinguished by her extraordinary beauty, and the poet wrote his Persian from her. Parting with her, Yesenin presented her with a book of his poems with the inscription: "My dear Shagane, you are pleasant and dear to me." In "Persian Motives" the poet created a poetic image, depicting poetic love.

Shagane you are mine, Shagane!

About wavy rye in the moonlight.

Shagane you are mine, Shagane.

Because I'm from the north or something

That the moon is a hundred times bigger there,

No matter how beautiful Shiraz is,

It is no better than Ryazan's expanse.

Because I'm from the north, or what?

I'm ready to tell you the field

I took this hair from the rye,

If you want, knit on your finger -

I don't feel any pain at all.

I'm ready to tell you the field.

About wavy rye under the moon

Guess my curls.

Honey, joke, smile

Do not wake only the memory in me

About wavy rye in the moonlight.

Shagane you are mine, Shagane!

There, in the north, the girl too

She looks terribly like you

Maybe thinking of me ...

Shagane you are mine, Shagane!

Student 1: The second half of 1925 is a period of black and white winter in the love lyrics of Sergei Yesenin. Next to the poet is his friend and loving woman Galina Benislavskaya. As selflessly as Galina loved, they rarely love. Yesenin considered her the closest friend, but did not see her as a woman. Galina considered him her husband, he also told her: "Galya, you are very good, you are the closest friend, but I do not love you ..."

Pupil 2: The last poems of love lyrics are dedicated to Sofya Andreevna Tolstoy, the granddaughter of Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy. In early March 1925, at a house party with Galina Benislavskaya, the poet met Sofya Andreevna. She was an outstanding person, inherited a lot from her great grandfather.
In June 1925, Yesenin married S.A. Tolstaya and moved to her in Ostrozhenka, in a large gloomy apartment with old, bulky furniture. There were many portraits and museum relics. But in this marriage, he was not happy, and the apartment simply burdened him.

Disciple 3: In the last period, black and white colors are present in love lyrics. On the one hand, the premonition of a tragic end, on the other hand, the dream of pure, uplifting love,
So that her eyes are cornflower blue
Only me-
Not to anyone -
And new words and feelings
Calmed the heart and chest.

So he wrote in the poem "Leaves are falling, leaves are falling ..." Love in the poet's last poems is presented as a refuge from blizzards and troubles, as a gift of fate.

Student 1: Leaves are falling, leaves are falling.
The wind moans
Long and deaf.
Who will please your heart?
Who will calm him down, my friend?

With aggravated eyelids
I look and I look at the moon.
Here again the roosters crowed
Into the settled silence.

Before dawn. Blue. Early.
And grace flying stars.
Would make any wish
I don’t know what to wish for.

What to wish for under the burden of everyday life,
Cursing your lot and your home?
I would like a good one now
See the girl under the window.

So that with her eyes cornflower blue
Only me -
Not to anyone -
And new words and feelings
Calmed the heart and chest.

So that under this white moon,
Taking a happy lot
I did not melt over the song, did not melt
And with someone else's cheerful youth
I never regretted my own.

Teacher: Tell me, how did Yesenin's work change during the period of "winter" and "autumn"? What can we say about the changes in the color scheme?

5. Checking the results obtained (5 min)

5.1. Teacher's word

"What happened? What happened to me? Every day I am at my other knees, ”he wrote about himself. And for some reason he felt his imminent death:

“I know, I know. Soon soon,

Neither my fault nor anyone's fault

Under the low mourning fence

I will have to lie the same way. "

This was written by a 30-year-old handsome man, who recently married a sweet and smart girl who adored him, a poet whose collections were scattered directly from the printing house.

It all ended on December 28, 1925 at the Angleterre Hotel in Leningrad. Sergei Yesenin was found dead. His last poem, according to legend, was written in blood ...

"Goodbye, my friend, goodbye ..."

Goodbye my friend, goodbye.
My dear, you are in my chest.
Intended parting
Promises to meet ahead.
Goodbye my friend, no hand, no word,
Do not be sad or sad eyebrows, -
In this life, dying is nothing new
But living, of course, is not new.

All his wives, except Isadora, who was in Paris, attended the funeral.

5.2. Working in pairs

Guys, today we met with the piercing, magical, sensitive poems of Sergei Yesenin, dedicated to the theme of love. I think that in these few lessons you have learned enough and imbued with the easy, understandable, figurative style of the poet. I offer you a small task. Before you - cards with excerpts from poems about love of poets of the Silver Age. Try to find out by style which of them belong to Yesenin's pen. Give reasons for your answer.

Key: 1. Anna Akhmatova "Angel of God, on a winter morning" 2,5,7 Yesenin "You cried in the evening silence", "Letter to the mother", "Untold, blue, tender" 3. Block "You say that I am cold" 4. Gumilyov "Monotonous, flickering ..." 6. Bryusov "Yes, you can love, hating"

6. Reflection (5 min)

So let's answer the question at the beginning of our tutorial. What was love for Sergei Yesenin, a reward or a punishment?

(Student responses)

There were many women who loved Yesenin, but there was little love in his life. Yesenin himself explained it this way: “No matter how I swear to someone in crazy love, no matter how I assure myself of the same, - all this, in essence, is a huge and fatal mistake. There is something that I love above all women, above any woman, and that I will not trade for any kindness or love. This is art…"
And a contemporary of S. Yesenin, poet Nikolai Tikhonov predicted ...
“The man of the future will also read Yesenin, as people read him today ... His poems cannot grow old. The eternally young blood of eternally living poetry flows in their veins. "

I suggest at the end of our lesson to listen to a romance to the poems of Sergei Yesenin from the series "Moscow tavern".

(Performed by Alexander Malinin).

7. Assessment and self-assessment (2 min)

You guys did a great job today. Each group prepared interesting material. Let's rate each other's work. The first group evaluates the work of the second, the second - the third, and the third - the first. What points would you give each other?

8. Homework (1 min)

Today we learned a lot about the love lyrics of Sergei Yesenin. I suggest you write an essay at home on the topic: "What do I think about when reading Yesenin's poems about love?" Thank you for the lesson!

Yesenin reveals himself in his poems. It enables everyone who reads poems to look directly into the soul of one of the most brilliant people in Russia at that time.

Biography of the poet

Sergei Yesenin (October 3) in 1895 in the Ryazan province, and died on December 28 in 1925 in Leningrad. All his life he passionately loved his homeland, which, of course, can be traced in many of his poems. The country inspired him to lyrics.

The inhabitants of Russia became heroes in poems. He often described a simple peasant life.

Unlike the same Nekrasov, Sergei Alexandrovich knew about peasant problems firsthand, since he himself was in the same situation.

Fate was favorable to him, and in 1904 the boy went to comprehend the basics of science at the Konstantinov Zemstvo School. Then he continued his studies at the parish school. After finishing it, Yesenin packed his things and moved to Moscow. There he first worked in a butcher's shop, then in a printing house. At the same time, I did not forget about training. He was a volunteer at the People's University. Shanyavsky, where he attended courses in history and philosophy.

The beginning of a poetic life

Working in a printing house made it possible to get acquainted with the writers and poets who came to be published. His first poems were published by the magazine "Mirok" in 1914. He was not embarrassed by the fact that he had to write on children's topics. Love in Yesenin's lyrics appeared later.

In 1915, Gorodetsky and Blok heard it for the first time. A year later he was drafted into the army. There was a war in which he became an orderly. At the same time, the first collection of poems "Radunitsa" was published, which brought him popularity.

Yesenin was loved by the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and her children. He spoke to them in Tsarskoe Selo.

New era

In the early 1920s, young Sergei Aleksandrovich discovers imagism and becomes its representative.

After a trip to Central Asia, he became interested in oriental motives, songs, poetry.

In the twenty-first year, an event occurs that changes his life. He falls in love with Isadora Duncan, a dancer whom he marries six months later. After the wedding, they went abroad and spent there. In America, the couple stayed for four months.

Shortly after his return, the marriage broke up.

Yesenin devoted himself to publishing and a small bookstore. Until his death he traveled a lot.

Last years

In recent years, several criminal cases have been brought up against him for fights, drunkenness, and indecent behavior.

The Soviet government tried to support Yesenin, considering him a genius of that time. Rakovsky advised Dzerzhinsky to send the poet to a sanatorium, where he would be cured of drunkenness.

In 1925, Sergei Alexandrovich was forced to go to the hospital. But in December of the same year he signed out, took all the money from his savings and left for Leningrad. There he met with prominent writers and literary men, lived in an expensive hotel.

Yesenin suffered from depression. And in the same hotel, having written a couple of lines of a new poem, he hanged himself.

Love theme in Yesenin's lyrics

Sergei Alexandrovich was not just a poet, he was an artist and even a musician. Such a sensual artist's nature suffered from loneliness. He has been married three times. Changed one mistress after another. None of them brought him the long-awaited happiness.

But all of them were at one time a revelation for the poet. Each became a muse.

The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics was not similar to the same experiences in others. The author made it relevant and very intimate.

This theme began to sound from the very beginning in his poems. In the first works stylized as folklore, such as "Imitation of a Song," he relishes the desire to be loved, the opportunity to steal a girl's kiss. The poem is more like a lyrical tune.

Young love in Yesenin's work

He dedicated his first works to Anna Sardanovskaya. In them, Yesenin anticipates the joy of the upcoming meeting.

The theme of love in Yesenin's work later began to mix with the delight of the nature of his country. He endows flowers, trees, natural phenomena with characteristic female guises. For example, he compares Kashina to an innocent young birch. The moon is combing her long braids. And at the same time, the poem tells how a shepherd boy comes to a tree, which turns metaphorically into a girl. He hugs her bare knees. But this courtship is innocent.

Yesenin's book "Poems of Love" is also saturated with chaste feelings. It has not received the attention it deserves and has not been published. And then the theme of love in Yesenin's poems began to transform. She has changed.

Yesenin at the crossroads

His mood in the "Moscow tavern" is changing. Not only did Yesenin experience difficulties on a personal level. Russia was changing. An absolutely new state arose, with different moral values. It seemed to him that no one else would need his work.

At the same time, the poet began to seek solace in alcohol. He tried to numb the pain, and for a while he felt better. Since then, Yesenin could not deny himself.

Drunk with wine, he lost his innocence of stares. The poet writes "A Letter to a Woman", which became his confession, a confession that he gets drunk because of suffering.

The theme of love in Yesenin's work is now turning from a divine sign into a plague, into a disease. And he becomes a cynic who sees only the fleshly manifestations of something previously saint.

Women turn into a pack of dogs, ready to gnaw him. But at the end of the poem, the poet describes that he cannot hold back his tears, and asks for forgiveness.

Sergei tries to drown out his own pain with love. The theme of love in Yesenin's poetry becomes a medicine. And again his works become elated and full of hope.

New love

He has a new muse - Augusta Miklashevskaya. She heals Yesenin, makes it possible to create. The poet has a cycle of poems called "The Love of a Bully". He again idealizes the once hated feeling.

A striking example of this period of life can be called the verse "The blue fire swept over. Yesenin assures that for him this feeling arose as for the first time, and now he does not want scandals and quarrels. Alcohol is forgotten. Life took on bright colors. The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics has changed. The poet compared himself to a hooligan who had been tamed.

August became its new meaning. He even compared her to the Mother of God.

And in 1924 the poet began a new round in his life. He meets another muse in Batumi, Shagane. The lyricist dedicated many poems to her. For her he created "Persian motives". They are all like one recognition of their feelings.

He wrote that he does not know Persian, but the language is not a hindrance. The theme of love in Yesenin's poetry is clear to everyone. In this collection, a light feeling is mixed with nostalgia for the home.

Two sides are fighting in it. One of them goes crazy for the girl, the second cannot leave her homeland.

Final chords of the lyrics

Yesenin, after many attempts to find love, is finally disappointed in it. The last poems are more saturated with hatred of a light feeling, irony, cynicism. He notices only insincerity in the female field, sees his cunning. In one of the poems Yesenin calls the ladies empty.

Until the last moment, he believed that he could meet his dream, a real feeling. He wanted to see the ideal. In the poem "Leaves are Falling, Leaves are Falling," there is not so much despair as the desire to be loved, to surrender to love, to meet a pure girl with whom you can live until the end of your days. Yesenin wanted to calm down. And he was looking for one that could heal the wounds of a poet who had seen a lot.

Yesenin's lyrics convey to the readers the full and genuine range of his feelings. There is no lie in it. It fully corresponds to the poet's biography. All his emotions were splashed out on paper. It seemed that Yesenin was not hiding anything from others. He lived like an open wound.

Perhaps that is why his poetry is still so relevant today. She will always be popular, loved by many. After all, he spoke for people and about human feelings.

The poet understood this. The theme of love in Yesenin's lyrics is accessible and understandable to everyone. Everyone is experiencing it. Most suffer from some kind of problem.

Love for Russia

There are different types of love lyrics. It can be addressed to relatives, loved ones, or it can refer to the whole state.

Yesenin was a favorite poet for the imperial family, and later became a national treasure under Soviet society. How could this happen?

The thing is that he spoke in a common language with the people. The theme of love in was filled with gratitude for their country. He sacrificed his personal happiness more than once for her.

Most often, the Motherland reciprocated him.

Sergei Alexandrovich once noticed that all his lyrics live only thanks to his love for Russia. In his poetry, this name occurs, perhaps more often than all the others.

Yesenin never tired of making confessions of his feelings for Russia. This love formed the basis of all his life deeds. She turned out to be stronger than the poet himself.

Everything that Yesenin felt, that surrounded him, was his homeland. It was difficult for him to separate one topic from another. Love for his state was woven into other plots. Very often, she connected with female images and became even more personal.

For example, his lines about autumn describe a girl "drunk" by others, with fatigue in her eyes.

The nature of Russia has always been for Yesenin something alive, with soul and heart. Animals and trees, the seasons become as important as the images of women.

Perhaps only this beauty, tenderness of the environment kept for a long time the depression that Sergei Yesenin was experiencing. The theme became his outlet.

Poet and politics

He was not blind in his love. Sergei Alexandrovich saw the depravity of the work of the peasants, their hard life. became for him an unprecedented achievement, progress. He hoped for a change.

Yesenin is disappointed that not the Socialist-Revolutionaries, but the Bolsheviks come to power, and they are no longer interested in culture.

Over time, the poet made attempts to come to terms with and love the new government. He practically got it after a trip to America. But later verses indicate that he perfectly remembers those times when power belonged to the monarchy, and it is difficult for him to keep up with progress.

The theme of love in the lyrics of Sergei A. Yesenin

The work of Sergei A. Yesenin is inextricably linked with those of my love, it does not seem to exist without this high feeling. The soul of a poet cannot but love, admire, and burn with passion. She breathes love, lives by it, which is reflected in the lyrics.

The poet's first love is born in his homeland, in the "land of birch calico." The poems related to this period (the beginning of the tenth years of the XX century) are similar in mood to folk songs, full of village melody and melodiousness. Folklore motifs are clearly audible in them ("Imitation of the Song", 1910). From an early age, folk legends, sayings, riddles have sunk into the soul of S.A. Yesenin. Therefore, his first poems are distinguished by the fullness of colors, sounds, smells. In his poems - the soft green of the fields, the crimson light of the dawn, the white smoke of the bird cherry, the blue sand of the sky.

Love lyrics occupy a significant place in the poetry of S. A. Yesenin. In his poems, various experiences of the poet are reflected - the joy of meeting with his beloved, longing in separation, sadness, despair. But the theme of love in his poems is closely intertwined with the main Yesenin theme - the theme of love for Ro-dina. His love for a woman is revealed through his love for his native land. He, with amazing ability, animates the nature of the fatherland:

Green hairstyle,

Girlish breasts.

Oh, thin birch,

What looked into the pond?

Birch - his favorite image, becomes a birch-girl-girl with a green hem, with which the wind plays; maple on one leg; mountain ash burning with its fruits; aspen trees looking into rose water; rye with a le-bedine neck and many other amazing metaphors and images create their own special world in the work of S.A. Yesenin - the world of living and spiritualized nature, in which he himself lived.

The poetry of love, merging together with the poetry of nature, draws from it the chasteness of spring bloom, the sensuality of summer heat.

The poet's beloved is the embodiment of the beauty of the surrounding world, the beauty of the native village landscape. She appears before us "with a sheaf of oat hair ...", "with scarlet juice of a berry on her skin," and her "flexible body and shoulders" was invented by nature itself. So S. Yesenin describes his beloved in the poem "Do not walk, do not wrinkle in the crimson bushes ...", written in 1916.

In the poem "Green is hiding ..." the girl appears before us in the poet's favorite image - in the form of a thin birch tree that "looked into the pond." The birch itself tells us how the shepherd hugged her “on a starry night” “for his bare knees ... and shed tears”, saying goodbye to her “until the new cranes”.

In the early twenties, there is a sharp change in the poet's mood in poems about love. Yessenin, witnessing the events of the revolution, seeing the changes taking place in the country, deeply felt the inner mood of the people. It is reflected in the cycle of poems "Moscow tavern", where the village song lyricism is replaced by a distinct sharp rhythm. The poet, going through difficult changes in Russia together with the people, cannot determine his place in life, deeply suffers from the consciousness of spiritual duality. He expected the revolution to fulfill the dream of a "peasant's paradise", a free, well-fed, happy life on earth. But in fact, the ruin of the village "blue Russia" took place. S. A. Yesenin felt that the destruction of harmony with nature was taking place. In one of his letters from that time, he wrote: “It touches me ... only sadness for the leaving sweet, native animal and unshakable power of the dead, mechanical ... I am sad now that history is going through a difficult era of mortification of the individual as a living , after all, socialism is going on absolutely not that I thought about ”. This heavy mood is also expressed in the love lyrics. Here we no longer find words about sublime love, there is no such admiration for nature that was always present in the early verses. The poet “without return” leaves his “native fields”. "Yes! Now it's settled. No return ... ”- he wrote in 1922. Feelings are trampled on, momentary impulses come to the fore: "When ... the month is shining ... the devil knows how", he goes "along a side street to a familiar tavern." There is no beauty of a pink sunset, there is only "noise and din in this creepy den."

The attitude towards a woman changes dramatically: she is no longer a slender birch-girl, but a "lousy" forgiveness, which was "loved" and "filthy". She is dirty, stupid, and instead of love, she only evokes hatred. This mood of the poet is expressed in the poem “Rash, harmonica. Boredom ... Boredom ... ”, written in 1923. However, such images are a demonstrative expression of the suppressed state of the poet's inner world. Vicious "tavern" love is a desperate poetic cry about the fatal passion of taverns. And yet, through the painful spiritual mood of poetic works, the lyricism inherent in S.A.Esenin breaks through, intimacy breaks out into the pages of poems, which further emphasize the deep tragic state of the poet's soul: Darling, I cry, I'm sorry ... I'm sorry .. ...

In 1923, the poet returned from a great trip abroad, which played a significant role in his work. He becomes disillusioned with the bourgeois democratic principles of the Western world, and is disillusioned with past ideals. S. A. Yesenin is convinced that “how beautiful and rich Russia is. It seems that there is no such country yet, and there cannot be. " He does not write poems about foreign impressions, nothing inspires him to work away from his native land. In his lyrics, there is a motive of sadness, regret about the departed youth, about wasted years, wasted energy and time in taverns among vagabonds and prostitutes. Now the poet again "sang about love", vowing to make trouble. In the poem "The blue fire swept around ..." he writes: I have disliked drinking and dancing And losing my life without looking back. The lyrical hero is again shrouded in a “blue fire”, he is kindled by “a gentle, light camp” and, of course, his hair “in color in autumn”. Love, as a saving force, leads the poet to rebirth, to the desire to live and create. In the poem "Darling, let's sit next to ..." he writes:

This is autumn gold

This strand of whitish hair -

Everything has appeared as salvation

Restless rake.

In the poem "Son of a bitch", written in 1924, S. A. Yesenin recalls the forgotten "girl in white", and his soul comes to life again: The pain of the soul floated out again. With this pain I seem to be younger ... The thoughts of a bright, pure rural youth are reborn in my memory. But the riotous tavern life has already left its mark on the fate of the poet and it is no longer possible to return the “old song”: Yes, I liked the girl in white, But now I love in blue. In the same period, Yesenin created a cycle of poems "Persian motives", the most famous of which is "You are my Shagane, Shagane!" It tells how, being far from his homeland, the poet wants to tell his beloved woman about the incomparable beauty of the Ryazan expanse, which filled his life with vivid, unforgettable impressions:

... I'm ready to tell you the field

About wavy rye under the moon ...

No matter how beautiful Shiraz is,

It is no better than Ryazan expanse ...

Like the entire cycle of poems, it is filled with a romantic mood and light sadness:

There in the north, the girl too

Maybe thinking of me ...

“Apparently, it has been established forever ...” - in this poem, written in 1925, the sadness of unfulfilled hopes for happiness “by the age of thirty” is poured out. The lyrical hero was ready to burn with "pink fire", "burning" together with his beloved. And although she gave her heart "with a laugh" to another, but, nevertheless, this love, unrequited and tragic, "the stupid poet led ... to sensual verses." Rejected, the lyric hero remains true to the old feeling. He finds a loyal messenger again - this is "dear Jim":

She will come, I give you a guarantee.

And without me, in her gaze,

Lick her hand for me

For everything that I was and was not to blame.

The poems of S. A. Yesenin continue to excite us with their drama of lyrical experiences many years after they were written. This is due to the fact that Yesenin's lyricism, tragic and sublimely romantic, evokes feelings in the reader that are close and understandable to everyone.