Open the left menu Siberia. The largest city in siberia by population

Siberia is a vast geographic region in the northeastern part of Eurasia, bounded from the west by the Ural Mountains, from the east by the Far Eastern regions of Russia, from the north by the Arctic Ocean, and from the south by the border of the neighboring states of Russia. But few people know that there was a city with the same name on this territory.

Book Atlas des Enfans: Lempire Rousse, Imrimé à Luniversite Imperiale de Moscou, 1771.

Here I don't even know what to say. I did not find any other information about this city. I wonder where the authors got this fact from? On the other hand, the book was printed in the printing house of Moscow University. Dedicated to some kind of Kriegs Commissioner Glebov. It must have passed the censorship. So it was not just that.

It turns out that the same book was published under a different title: Experience of Russian Geography. Imperial Moscow University, 1771. Moreover, there it is dedicated to all the governors of the then Russia, according to the list. And each one was sent a copy to correct errors and inaccuracies

Opening cities is my specialty, heh!

That's not all. The city of Tyumen appears to have had a different name earlier. Again, this is not written anywhere else.

Book: Abulgachi-Bayadur-khan A genealogical story about the Tatars, translated into French from a handwritten Tatar book, the works of Abulgachi-Bayadur-khan, and supplemented by a great number of reliable and curious notes about the direct current state of North Asia with the required geographical land maps, and from French in Russian at the Academy of Sciences. Published at the end of the 18th century. And part of the map is from there. And the city of Siberia is very clearly visible on it.

Book: The life and glorious deeds of Peter the Great, the autocrat of all Russia : [Text]: Assuming [!] A brief geographical and political history of the Russian state, Orfelin, Zachariya.

Actually, everything is logical. For centuries, our areas have been called by the name of the main city.

By the way, I told a friend about my discovery here. We met again the other day. And he happily informs me - he saw on some cable channel an interview with the director of the Tobolsk Kremlin. And he said that yes, there was a city of Siberia next to Tobolsk.

It turns out that the city of Siberia is written in Wikipedia. Only now you need to search by name Kashlyk ... Moreover, as I understand it, it is under this name (and also Isker) that the city of Siberia is mentioned in modern history.

Here he is on the people's map, just below Tobolsk.

One of the paintings painted in the second half of the 19th century by the Tobolsk artist M.S.Znamensky. As you can see, people still remembered about city \u200b\u200bof Siberia.

Fragment of the map of Ortelius from 1570. The city of Siberia on the Ob and Perm Velikaya on Vychegda are clearly visible.

Book: The Siberian Chronicle,: Containing a story about the capture of Siberian land by the Russians, under Tsar Ivan Vasilievich the Terrible / With a summary of the events that preceded it; Published from a 17th century manuscript. - St. Petersburg: In the printing house of the Department of Public Education, 1821.

Where we learn a little about the history of the Siberian kingdom before its conquest by Muscovy. And also who founded the city of Siberia:

The first Siberian tsar had, according to the 17th century chroniclers, a very interesting name - Ivan. Although there was Magmetov's law. It’s very interesting what exactly the law and not faith. This is not the first time I have come across this very definition - law. It differs from the concept - faith. And this is a completely different view of the events of that time.

Someone Chingis killed Ivan. Also a Tatar. Miller's Description of the Siberian kingdom and all that happened in it,: St. Petersburg: Under the Imp. Acad. sciences, 1750. - Tatars are the first and most important people of Siberia.

Besides them, the Chyud people live on the Irtysh River, as follows from the text.

The city of Siberia was founded by Tsar Mamet somewhere at the end of the 15th century, judging by the text. And the kingdom of Siberia for many years was part of the kingdom of Kazan.

By the way, a very interesting point. The first king in Russia was Ivan the Terrible and before that we had only princes. But the Siberian, Astrakhan, Kazan and Crimean rulers were originally called tsars. Why this is so is unclear. There was something about which we now do not even know what put these lands and their rulers above the Russian principalities in the then table of ranks. But what Kazan and Siberia. There was the Kasimov kingdom, right next to Moscow. And there was a king and not a prince.

At the end of the text interesting fact - the names of Kuchum's sons do not coincide with the names recorded in our current history. I already wrote about the Siberian princes.

Few people know, but at the beginning of the 18th century, Siberian princes still lived in Russia. And they did not just live but were in the service of Peter the Great.

Book: Papers of Emperor Peter I / Ed. acad. A. Bychkov. - St. Petersburg: type. 2nd branch Own. e. and. in. chancellery, 1873.

Novosibirsk is the third in Russia

There are many settlements - cities, settlements and villages in the Russian Trans-Urals, and the most big city is the capital of Siberia. Novosibirsk ranks third in Russia in terms of population after Moscow and St. Petersburg. According to 2009 data, 1.397 million people are registered in Novosibirsk. April 30, 1893 is considered to be the birthday of the city, but, despite its youth, it is impossible to talk about Novosibirsk without using the word "most". Firstly, the city is located on the banks of the longest river in Russia - the Ob. The length of the Ob with its main tributary Irtysh is 5,410 km.

Secondly, the city has the largest opera and ballet theater in Russia in terms of occupied area, which is the hallmark of Novosibirsk. The theater building is an example of modernist architecture of the late 1920s. During the construction of the theater, many unique design solutions were used, for example, the structure of the dome of the theater. The dome was designed by B.F Mother and P.L. Pasternak, the diameter of the dome is 60 meters and the thickness is only 8 centimeters - this is the largest dome of this design in the world.

Theater, Trans-Siberian Railway

In May 1931, the foundation stone of the building was made. And already on August 1, 1941, the official opening of the theater was planned. But the war made its own adjustments, and the opening of the theater took place on May 12, 1945. During the war, evacuated exhibits from museums in Moscow and Leningrad were kept in the building of the future theater.

The beginning of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway (1891) gave impetus to the development of the city's industry. Before the October Revolution of 1917, Novosibirsk (until 1925 - Novonikolaevsk) was the commercial and industrial center of Western Siberia. The leading industry in those years was the milling industry.

Plants of Novosibirsk

The largest plant "Trud", founded in 1904, produced spare parts for the mechanisms of mills, oil factories and agricultural machinery. Before the war of 1941-1945, many industrial enterprises were built in Novosibirsk, among them a tin factory, Sibcombine, and a boring machine plant. In 1936, an aircraft manufacturing plant was opened, which in 1939 was named after Valery Pavlovich Chkalov.

The second powerful impetus to the development of industry was given by the Great Patriotic War... Many enterprises from Leningrad and other cities of the USSR were evacuated to the largest city in Siberia, due to this, the production of products for the front increased 8 times: only Yak fighters for the front were produced up to 33 aircraft per day.

Modern Novosibirsk

In modern Novosibirsk there are 214 enterprises that produce 2/3 of the volume of all products of the Novosibirsk region. The leading industries of the city include mechanical engineering, metallurgy, energy, chemical, light and food industries. In 1985, the first metro stations were opened in Novosibirsk. This is the very first metro beyond the Urals with the world's longest covered metro bridge.

The city grew and developed rapidly, in just a few decades a small town with a population of 100 thousand people became a millionaire city. Only Chicago can boast of such growth rates. The center of the Russian Empire was located in Novosibirsk (Novonikolaevsk). In this place, in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanovs' house, a chapel was built in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, designed by the famous architect A.D. Kryachkov.

The chapel is a symbol of Novosibirsk

The project of the chapel was made in the style of the Novgorod-Pskov architecture of the XII-XIV centuries. In 1933, by order of the City Council, "taking into account the wishes of the working masses and taking into account the improvement of the city", the chapel was destroyed. To the 100th anniversary of the city, in 1993 the Nikolskaya chapel was re-erected. The project of the new chapel was carried out by the architect P.A. Chernobrovtsev.
Novosibirsk also gained world fame thanks to its unique zoo, which occupies one of the leading places in the world for the conservation of rare animal species.

The largest city in Siberia continues to grow and develop actively. Much attention is paid not only to the construction of new modern buildings, but also to the preservation of the historical architectural heritage.

Siberia is one of the most mysterious and harsh regions Russian Federation... Here is the famous Lake Baikal, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich is equal to the area of \u200b\u200bthe Netherlands. On its territory is located Vasyugan swamp - the largest in the world. Siberia's area is about 9.8 million sq. km, which is more than half of the entire territory of Russia. Located in the northeastern part of Eurasia. What regions is its vast territory divided into?

Regions of Siberia: list

Siberia includes the following territories. First, these are the republics: Altai, Buryatia, Tuva, Khakassia. Secondly, Zabaikalsky, Kamchatsky, Krasnoyarsky, Primorsky, Khabarovsky. And also the official division of Siberia includes the regions: Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk and Tyumen.

Territory of Western Siberia

Regions of Western Siberia also occupy a vast territory. The list will include the following territories: Altai Territory, Tyumen, Tomsk, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo regions, part of Khakassia, as well as the Kurgan region. Altai is one of the most ancient territories that was inhabited by people about 1.5 million years ago. Its length from west to east is about 600 km. Here flow largest rivers not only Russia, but the whole world. These are Ob, Biya, Katun, Charysh. For example, the area of \u200b\u200bthe Ob basin is about 70% of the entire Altai Territory.

Regions of Siberia: eastern part

The territory of Eastern Siberia includes the lands of Buryatia, Zabaikalsky, Irkutsk Oblast, as well as Tyva, Khakassia, Yakutia. The development of this area dates back to the 18th century. Then, by decree of Emperor Peter I, a prison was built on the territory of modern Khakassia. This time, namely 1707, is considered the date of the annexation of the Republic of Khakassia to the territory of Russia. The locals the Russians found in Siberia were shamans. They believed that the Universe was inhabited by special spirits - masters.

The Republic of Buryatia with its capital in Ulan-Ude is considered one of the most picturesque regions of Siberia. There are huge mountain ranges here - mountains occupy an area four times the flat area. A significant part of the Buryat border runs along the water area of \u200b\u200bLake Baikal.

The Sakha Republic is ahead of all regions of Siberia and the Far East in size. Moreover, Yakutia is the most large region Russia. More than 40 percent of its territory is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Taiga occupies about 80% of the territory of Yakutia.

Omsk and Tomsk regions

The main city of the Omsk region is Omsk. Geographically, this area is a flat territory with a continental climate. There are taiga forests, forest-steppe and steppe. The forest occupies about 24% of the entire territory of the region. The territory with the center in the city of Tomsk is one of the most difficult to access. After all, most of it is represented by taiga forests. There is a large number of deposits of valuable natural resources: oil, gas, metals and peat.

Tyumen and Novosibirsk regions

The Tyumen region is located on a flat territory. In terms of its area among the administrative subjects of Russia, it is located in third place, in the Arctic, tundra and forest-tundra regions. The main oil and gas reserves of Russia lie here. The Novosibirsk region is famous for its rivers. On its territory there are about 350 rivers, and the main waterway, the Ob, also flows. There are also more than 3 thousand lakes here. areas - continental. It was first inhabited by representatives of the Mongoloid tribes in the 7-6 centuries. BC e.

Transbaikalia

The regions of Siberia are striking in their beauty and therefore are always attractive to tourists. One of these territories is Zabaykalsky Krai... It is located in the eastern and southeastern territory of Lake Baikal. Its center is the city of Chita. There are very long and harsh winters here, and the warm season, on the contrary, is fleeting.

Far East and Western Siberia

Most of the Russian rivers are located in the Far East, the mouths of which flow into the Pacific Ocean. Only about 5% of the Russian population lives here. Sometimes the Transbaikalia region is also referred to this territory. Since the regions of Siberia are known for their vastness, disputes often arise over the division of its lands.

Western Siberia is located on the vast West Siberian Plain. Its area is about 2.6 million square meters. km. Its territory also contains a large amount of natural resources - minerals. There are about 2 thousand river arteries here.

“Siberia ... Distant and close at the same time. If you go by train - it's far, on foot - and even further. Closer - by plane. And very close - with the soul, ”wrote the Russian publicist Yegor Isaev. With Mazda6 we were lucky to look into the very heart of Siberia, its former capital - the glorious city of Tobolsk.

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Not of this world

Still, it was no coincidence that the ancestors believed that the lot of Russia was "not of this world." Whatever one may say, our primary task was not to arrange our life the way our neighbors in the West did, because Holy Russia hoped for only one thing - a return to the Kingdom of Heaven. All ancient Russian culture is the path to Heaven. The great-grandfathers knew: a man will not build on the earth of paradise, even if you crack. Here are our cities, our cities - solid metaphysics. Perhaps, perhaps the most "non-worldly" of all Russian cities - Tobolsk. Nowhere were the legends and prophecies embodied in reality as it happened in the history of the Tobolsk land. No other provincial city connected so many fates of glorious and famous personalities into one knot as the old capital of Siberia, the city of Tobolsk. Under what circumstances! But more on that later.

Winter Tobolsk met us harshly: with a frosty spirit, in snow-white clothes, with an angry face. And he did not flirt at all with the cheerful Siberian sun.

Winter Tobolsk greeted us harshly: with a frosty spirit, in snow-white clothes, with a gray, angry face. And contrary to expectations, he did not flirt at all with the cheerful Siberian sun. Looking like a gray-haired grumpy old man, from whom he smells of stove and makhorka, Tobolsk seemed to scowl at us, checking for lice: what are you, whose will you be, what are you with? Then the "old man" will turn red and blur into a good-natured smile, then the sun will come out, and the sedate views of the Irtysh will open, and wide tables will appear, abundantly laid according to the Siberian law. In the meantime, our Mazda6 quietly crept along the snow-covered streets of the ancient city, and we carefully looked at the local decoration, breathing in the amazing history of these places with all our hearts.

"Famous by birth unknown in soul"

The very fact of the emergence of this city and its prehistory give rise to a lot of mysteries that begin with the personality of the one who is considered to be the "conqueror of Siberia" - Ermak Timofeevich Alenin. Scientists have not yet come to a unanimous opinion about this character in Russian history, who only had seven names. Few people know that Yermak was also called Yermolai, Herman, Yermil, Vasily, Timothy and Eremey. Who is this husband by origin, different chronicles broadcast in different ways. “Unknown by birth, famous at heart,” says one of them. For the majority, he came from the estates of the industrialists Stroganovs on the Chusovaya River, who then left to "field" on the Volga and Don and became the Cossack ataman. According to another version, he is a pure-blooded Don Cossack from the Kachalinskaya stanitsa, according to the third, he comes from the Pomors of the Boretsk volost, according to the fourth, a representative of a noble Turkic family.

In one of the chronicles

the description of the appearance of Ermak Timofeevich is given: "the Velmi is courageous, and human, and transparent, and is satisfied with all wisdom, flat-faced, black with brad, middle age (that is, height), and flat, and broad shouldered."

August 15, 1787

the great Russian composer Alexander Alexandrovich Alyabyev was born in a family of nobles in Tobolsk in the family of the vice-governor Alexander Vasilyevich Alyabyev.

Another question: why did he go to Siberia? For modern historians, three different versions have a right to life, each of which at the same time has its own weaknesses. Whether Ivan the Terrible blessed the Cossacks on the campaign to annex new lands to their possessions, whether the industrialists Stroganovs equipped Ermak to protect their towns from the raids of Siberian Tatars, whether the ataman voluntarily went on a raid "for zipuns", that is, for the purpose of personal gain - historians argue still. Be that as it may, according to the archival documents of the Ambassadorial Prikaz, Khan Kuchum, the master of the Siberian Khanate, had an army of about ten thousand. How Ermak, with a detachment numbering from 540 to 1636 people, according to various sources, could conquer Siberia remains a mystery. Although the Remezov Chronicle mentions the figure "5000", but here we are talking about the size of the reserves taken by the squad ("for the opening of 5000 people") and only indicates that these reserves were very large.

Angel palm

Let's return to the city from which Russian Siberia began. Its future capital arose in 1587, in a picturesque place on the banks of the Irtysh, seventeen kilometers from the former capital of the khanate, where the significant battle of Ermak took place on the Chuvash Cape. According to legend, Tobolsk is blessed with the Holy Trinity, therefore it was founded on this Holiday. The first city building was the Trinity Church, and the cape was named Troitsky. Subsequently, this part of the city, located on the mountain, began to be called the Upper Posad, and the one below - the Lower. The lower town has practically not changed since pre-revolutionary times. The only touch is that the domes of churches and bell towers have thinned out, and the buildings have not changed much. To be convinced of this, it is enough to look at the old photographs of Prokudin-Gorsky.

Although, by default, Tobolsk was considered the capital of Siberia since the end of the 16th century, this title was officially confirmed by the Peter's reform of 1708, when Tobolsk became the administrative center of the largest Siberian province in Russia, which included the territory from Vyatka to Russian America. Until the 18th century, geographic maps of Tobolsk were sometimes referred to as "the city of Siberia".

“The Siberian city of Tobolesk is like an angel! His right hand is a ward discharge. On the hand is the possessor of the lower posad, the left hand is the cathedral church and the wall of the stone pillar, the right side is the yar to the Irtysh, the left is the ridge and the Kurdyumka river, the right wing is the Tobol to the steppe, the left is the Irtysh. This angel is the bearer of all Siberia and a hefty decoration, and peace and silence with foreigners. " These words belong to the boyar son, a native of Tobolsk, writer, historian, architect, builder, cartographer, icon painter Semyon Ulyanovich Remezov. It was he who designed and built the first stone Kremlin on Siberian soil. According to one of the versions, when he was dying, Remezov bequeathed to crush his bones into powder, which was to be used as a building material for the restoration of the Tobolsk Kremlin. Such is the "love for the native ashes."

The "Silver Age" of Tobolsk began in the first half of the 17th century - in 1621 the city became the center of the newly formed Siberian Diocese. The construction of a vast bishop's court and a wooden St. Sophia Cathedral began. With the increasing importance of Tobolsk as the most important administrative, spiritual and cultural center Siberia, the role of the Tobolsk Kremlin grew as a symbol of the greatness of the Russian state, which covered all new lands. Maybe I experienced the notorious tourist complex, but, it should be noted, being on the Troitsky Cape in the historical part of the Upper City, looking at the endless Siberian landscapes, you experience an unforgettable experience: the memory of the former heyday of this city and legendary ancestors, the whole history of the fatherland, and time itself seemed to be frozen in these harsh places.

One of the legends speaks of the special grace given to the city by God. In the fall of 1620, on the way to Tobolsk - the first diocese in Siberia - an angel of God appeared in a dream to the newly appointed Archbishop of Tobolsk, Reverend Cyprian. He covered the lower city with his luminous palm and ordered to build churches in the Lower Posad so that they would repeat it. The angel promised that in this case the grace of God will descend on the city and special people will be born here - “Kissed by God”. And so it happened. One after another they were built in Tobolsk according to the footprint of the angel's palm of the church: “And they flashed like the sparks of God on the tips of the fingers of the sacred palm.

Russian exile began from Tobolsk. The first Tobolsk exiled is the Uglich bell.

They did not manage to build a church only on the symbolic fifth finger. But the higher will turned out to be stronger, and another branch of Christianity finished and fulfilled the prophetic dream of Cyprian. Only according to the Highest Conduct, a Catholic church was built on the fifth finger, which completed the drawing "Angel's Palm" in Nizhny Tobolsk. "

Indeed, Tobolsk gave the world a large number of famous people for such a relatively small town. Here are just a few of them: artist Vasily Perov, composer Alexander Alyabyev, philosopher Gabriel Batenkov, scientist Dmitry Mendeleev, elder Grigory Rasputin, founder of the Geneva School of Linguistics, linguist Sergei Kartsevsky, inventor of television, scientist Boris Grabovsky, chief architect of the Ostankino tower and Luzhniki stadium Nikolay Nikitin, actress Lydia Smirnova, actor Alexander Abdulov.

The birthplace of Alexander Abdulov is Tobolsk, not Fergana, as many publications about the life of the actor say. Alexander's father, Gavriil Danilovich, served as director and chief director at the Tobolsk Drama Theater.

The wooden house where the Abdulov family lived is still preserved in the submontane part of the city. Gavriil Abdulov worked in Tobolsk from 1952 to 1956. And here in 1955 he was awarded the honorary title "Honored Artist of the RSFSR".

A native of Tobolsk

the great scientist-encyclopedist Dmitry Mendeleev is known as a chemist, physicist, metrologist, economist, technologist, geologist, meteorologist, teacher, aeronaut, instrument-maker.

During his exile

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky met in Tobolsk with the wives of the Decembrists, one of whom presented the writer with the old Gospel, which he kept all his life. In the final scene of "Crime and Punishment" (a conversation between exiled Raskolnikov and Marmeladova), the outskirts of Tobolsk are recognized.

was born in the village of Pokrovskoe, Tobolsk district, in the family of a coachman Yefim Vilkin and Anna Parshukova. In the 1900s, among certain circles of St. Petersburg society he had a reputation as an "elder", a seer and a healer.

Historically, in Russian Empire it was Tobolsk that became the first "exiled" city. And the first to get into exile was ... the Uglich bell that sounded the alarm during the city uprising after the murder of Tsarevich Dmitry, the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible and the only legitimate heir of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich. Following the bell, Protopop Avvakum, the Decembrists (together with their wives), Dostoevsky, and Korolenko, and the last Emperor Nicholas II, and tens of thousands of other exiles and convicts of the Russian Empire visited here.

Tobolsk suffered the fate of many Siberian pioneer cities. The gradual decline of the city is mainly associated with the transfer of the Siberian tract, when the nature of the development of Siberia changed and the population and economic life shifted further south, to the forest-steppe. The Trans-Siberian Railway passed through neighboring Tyumen, and from the second half of the 19th century Tobolsk began to lose its former influence ...

Nowadays a little more than one hundred thousand inhabitants live in Tobolsk. The city comes alive and even promises to grow again. In addition to the city-forming petrochemical plant "Tobolsk-Neftekhim", a large polypropylene plant "Tobolsk-Polymer" is being built near the city. The old capital of Siberia runs the risk of becoming not only a tourist Mecca, but also a large industrial center. The history of Siberia continues, miracles are yet to come ...

Lanterns in Tobolsk are a separate topic. Walking the streets of the city, it sometimes seems that there are as many of them as there are stars in the sky. The thing is that in the city there is an enterprise for the production of lamps "Ugor", known far beyond the borders of Tobolsk and the Tyumen region. Ugra light is familiar to many cities of Russia. Siberian lanterns illuminate not only Tobolsk, but also the Moscow Kremlin and Sochi beaches ...

Our shot is ripe everywhere

In 1582, Yermak won the main battle on the Chuvash cape on the Irtysh, defeated Kuchum and occupied the capital of the khanate, the city of Siber. Hence the familiar name of our great expanses between the Urals and the Pacific Ocean. True, after two years of possession, the Cossacks again ceded their conquests back to Kuchum, but a year later they returned forever. And fifty years after the death of Yermak, the centurion Peter Beketov, on the banks of the Lena, was founded the Yakutsk prison - the future city of Yakutsk. Four years later, another ataman, Ivan Moskvitin, was the first of the Europeans to reach the shores of the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk. Cossack Semyon Shelkovnikov laid a winter hut here, which later grew into the first Russian port - the city of Okhotsk. Through severe frosts, thousands of kilometers of impassable taiga and swamps - in just half a century. The colonization of North America by Europeans went on for four hundred years - from the 16th to the 19th century. And even in this the Russians helped them. Alaska, Kodiak Island and the Aleutian Islands were explored and mapped in the middle of the 18th century thanks to the Second Kamchatka Expedition of Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov. Know ours!

Last link

On August 6, 1917, at 6 o'clock in the afternoon, Tobolsk greeted the steamer with a bell ringing, on which the last Russian emperor Nicholas II and his family arrived in exile. The exiled royal persons were settled in the governor's house, located near the pier. The family occupied the second floor of the building; on the first floor a dining room and rooms for servants were arranged. In April 1918, the Romanovs were transported to Yekaterinburg by order of the Council of People's Commissars and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and Tobolsk went down in history as "the city that did not kill the tsar." At present, the city administration is located in this house, which promises to soon release the historical monument to organize a museum of the royal family here.

Siberian "Mazdovod"

Mazda6 has become the main guide to the Siberian land, which wants to put a separate bow to the ground as a sign of gratitude for the impeccable work in the harsh Siberian winter. In addition, the “six” periodically hypnotized local residents, deservedly captivating the enthusiastic glances of local “Mazdovodov”, of whom there were quite a few in the Siberian expanses. One Tobolsk youth on the previous Mazda model could not bear it and, having caught up with us at the traffic light, literally showered us with persistent questions about the new car. Eyes were burning, curiosity was eating, and the conversation dragged on, I had to turn on the emergency gang. Of course, we could not yield the coveted steering wheel to him, therefore it was not easy to part with him ...

Siberia. It is a historical and geographical area within the Asian part of Russia, which was inhabited in the Stone Age. In natural terms, Western Siberia and Eastern Siberia are distinguished. Vostochnaya occupies the territory from the Yenisei to the ridges of the Pacific watershed. Climate for the most part severe, sharply continental.

Regions of Siberia

Siberian customs

The customs and traditions of the local population are rooted in the cultural heritage of the ancient peoples inhabiting the territory of the modern Baikal region in the past. Some of the customs are echoes of ancient shamanic and Buddhist rites. Among them is the developed cult of obo, the cult of mountains, worship of the Eternal Blue Sky (Huhe Munhe tengri). It is imperative to stop near the oo and respectfully present gifts to the spirits. If you don't stop at the oo and make the sacrifice, there will be no luck. According to the Buryat belief, each mountain and valley has its own spirit.

The Buryats have a custom of “splashing” the local spirits. As a rule, before drinking alcohol, they drip a little on the table from a glass or with one finger, usually the ring finger, lightly touch the alcohol and sprinkle upwards. Accept that in the most unexpected places during the trip it will be necessary to stop and "spray" alcohol.

There are certain rules when visiting Buryat yurts. When entering a Buryat yurt, one must not step on the threshold of the yurt, this is considered impolite. Weapons and luggage, as a sign of your good intentions, must be left outside. You cannot enter the yurt with any load. The northern half of the yurt is considered more honorable; guests are welcome here. You can’t sit down arbitrarily without an invitation on the northern honorable side. The eastern half of the yurt (as a rule, to the right of the door, the entrance of the yurt always faces south) is considered female, the left half is male. This division continues today.

The custom of hospitality. Bringing tea to the guest, the hostess gives a bowl with both hands as a sign of respect. The guest should also accept it with both hands - this shows respect for the house.

At thalagans or shamanic rituals, one should not strive to touch shamanic clothes, a tambourine, and even more so to put on something from shamanic attributes on oneself in order to be photographed. It is believed that some items, especially those related to magic, carry a certain amount of power. It is strictly forbidden for an ordinary person to say aloud shamanic prayers (durdalga) for the sake of entertainment.

Siberian cuisine. A special local highlight is the lightly salted Baikal omul; Siberian dumplings and Siberian meat are also widely known.