Acceptance of plastic bags for processing. Recycling plastic bags as a business What a plastic bag consists of recycling

Plastic bags.

Plastic bags owe their existence to refined oil and natural gas. They are highly durable, but they are not biodegradable either. Not even 60 years have passed since the invention and popularization of the first packages, which means that none of them has yet undergone absolute biological decay in natural conditions. Household packages that have lost their consumer properties and found themselves in the natural environment create a stable pollution of the entire ecosystem. When they are heated and burned, harmful substances are released that are toxic to the entire ecological system. A plastic bag can be recycled in an industrial environment only by separating it from the contents.

Plastic bags.

Cellophane is a transparent fat and waterproof material made from viscose. The ecological safety of cellophane is due to its high rate of biological decomposition and the absence of plasticizers in its composition, and containing glycerin in its composition is harmless to living organisms and to the environment in general. These qualities of cellophane revives interest in this type of packaging - when separated from dyes and impurities, it is completely processed by microorganisms and recycling is possible.

Oxo biodegradable bags.

In their production, the same polymer raw materials (crushed plastic bottles - flex pet) are used as in the manufacture of plastic bags, but with the addition of degradants. The additives artificially accelerate the biodegradation process in the environment into carbon, water, trace elements and biomass under the influence of temperature, ultraviolet radiation and oxygen. The decomposition period of oxo-biodegradable packaging is 1-3 years. Impurities that reduce the mechanical strength and promote the speedy degradation of plastic make it impossible to recycle it in its pure form.

Hydro-biodegradable bags.

The basis for their production is food crops - plant polymers obtained from food highly starchy crops such as beets, corn, wheat. They are characterized by high environmental friendliness at all stages of operation, but low strength indicators and high consumption of resources during production. The process of complete biological decay into carbon and water in 30-70 days, as a result of decomposition, biomass (compost) is formed. A T-shirt-type bag is made of natural material; garbage bags and packing bags.

Paper bags. Kraft paper bags.

The raw material for their production is wood or waste paper. They have a short service life, thereby increasing their quantitative consumption and production costs for electricity and water. The ideal scheme for optimizing production and natural costs includes the complex responsibility of the manufacturer and the buyer. Several recycling of one paper bag is possible - packaging material is made from wood, which is recycled again into packaging after the period of use. At the same time, the waste paper is recycled with less energy consumption, and the paper, having completed its consumer cycle, is decomposed in the soil by microorganisms.

Reusable polyester bags.

Sewn from synthetic artificial material obtained from recycled polymer waste ( recycled plastic). Completely eliminate the need to buy plastic bags. With daily use, one such bag will last from three to five years and will replace several thousand bags. Polyester products are included in the list of materials approved by the state sanitary inspection authorities of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for contact with food, non-toxic when burning and decomposing. Polyester bags are recommended for recycling.

Textile bags.

Made from vegetable fibers - jute, cotton, flax, bamboo or recycled materials. Eco bags have become not just an impersonal packaging for purchases, but an independent part of the wardrobe. After completing their consumption cycle, bags decompose into non-toxic substances.

Each of us is able to improve the situation with the environment, we just need to be attentive to our own garbage and throw it into separate containers MSW.

flexpet.ru

Plastic bags and films | Separate collection ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT

Everything you wanted to know about packages and did not hesitate to ask.

There are quite a few companies that process soft polymers, but most of them prefer to work with waste from large enterprises and look at “household” plastic with distrust. There are good reasons for this: household plastic it is often contaminated with substances that have an unpredictable effect on the processing process, and it turns out to be more difficult to wash these substances from soft packaging than from hard ones. Companies naturally do not want to risk expensive equipment and the quality of entire batches of finished products due to impurities in raw materials and they follow the path of least resistance. Unfortunately, there are still few people willing to invest in new technologies for pre-processing of raw materials that reduce the above risks.

Companies that do not impose strict requirements on raw materials also exist, for example, manufacturers of polymer-sand tiles and other building materials are even ready to accept a mixture of different types of soft plastic.

Types of plastic bags and films.

• polyethylene (marking 02, HDPE, HDPE and 04, LDPE, LDPE): polyethylene is of high and low density (low and high pressure, respectively), if there is no marking, then one material can be distinguished from another as follows: thin rustling packing bags and most of packages - "T-shirts" are 02; and soft, as if oily sachets, greenhouse, stretch and air-bubble film - 04.
• polypropylene (marking 05, PP, PP): most often such packaging is shiny and “crispy”, tears easily, does not stretch. Polypropylene is used to pack cereals, pasta, bread, biscuits, etc. Opaque wrappers from chocolate bars are also PP with the addition of dye, such packaging is more difficult to recycle, therefore it is not accepted everywhere.
• combined plastic (marking type C / xx or 07 / other)
• biodegradable and pseudo-biodegradable (be sure to read about the difference in a separate material!)

Don't confuse plastic bags with cellophane!

A huge number of people habitually call any rustling waterproof bags with this word. In fact, today 99.9% of bags and films are made of plastic - polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE) or polypropylene (PP). Cellophane, as reflected in its name, is a chemically treated cellulose - that is, it is the closest relative of paper and is marked with PAP (that is, paper, paper).

The cellophane boom took place in the 70s - 80s. Since the beginning of the 90s, it began to be replaced by cheaper and easier-to-manufacture polyethylene. However, if the plastic bag quickly decomposes into organic components, the plastic bag will take about 150 years to decompose.

The question of how much more environmentally friendly cellophane is than polyethylene is controversial - after all, to produce a cellophane bag, you need not only to combine a couple of molecules, but to cut down a living tree and thoroughly process it. However, due to its advantages in reducing the global landfill, this material is slowly reappearing on the market. It is dangerous to mix cellophane with plastic bags and films that are being recycled - cellulose can flare up under conditions in which plastic cannot catch fire in principle. In addition, if it gets into a tile made from shredded bags, cellophane will start to rot, which is why it will become unusable ahead of time. Therefore, a big request: if you come across a transparent crunchy film with PAP marking, send it to the general trash.

Cellophane article on Wikipedia

Where can I return plastic bags for recycling? (Information as of January 2018)

We managed to obtain reliable information about several procurement companies, both large and small, that are really engaged in the collection, processing (and partially recycling) of soft plastic generated by the population. We hope that the list will be supplemented and expanded, including with your help. Email us if you find out something new!

The ExpertVtor company prepares various types of recyclable materials, also accepts and independently recycles LDPE packages and film, and some time ago they began to accept PP (5) and HDPE (2) packages, but not any (see the table below for details. "ExpertVtor" packages are sorted, pressed and sold to other processors.

• stationary reception center at the Flacon design plant st. Bolshaya Novodmitrovskaya, 36, building 15. (to the right of building 15). There is an inspector at the point during working hours, but even without him, the point works offline every day and around the clock!
• on the shares of our movement:

The Cessor company is based in Elektrostal near Moscow and is engaged in the collection and partial processing of recyclable materials, incl. polymer. Accepts any bags / soft plastic packaging, except for foil and the one with markings 3 and 7. During an excursion to the processing plant "Cessora", our activists learned that recyclable materials from the shares are being sent to other converters. If the raw material is sorted in advance by type (and color!), Then it has a chance for a higher level of processing than becoming an additive to polymer sand tiles. Recyclers, with whom Cessor works: recyclene.ru, mplastika.ru, etc. Where they accept:

• stationary containers in Elektrostal (see map recyclemap.ru)
• at the actions of our Movement “Separate Collection:

The Ecoline company works under a long-term government contract in the CAO and CAO districts, declares that certain types of soft packaging can be put into their containers for separate collection (see the table below for details), but has not yet provided information on what happens next.

Project "Glass" from Butovo. Where it accepts: at shares in Butovo in the South-West Administrative District, Moscow

The company "Sfera Ekologii" at its reception point at "Artplay" today accepts only transparent packaging and air-bubble film LDPE (04). Where it accepts: Moscow, Nizhnyaya Syromyatnicheskaya st., 10 for building 3 (from 9 to 19, without lunch and days off)

type of soft packaging	company
	ExpertSecond	Cessor	Ecoline	Glass	Sphere of Ecology
HDPE, HDPE, 02, 2, transparent	yes	yes	yes	not	not
HDPE, HDPE, 02, 2, opaque	yes	yes	?	not	not
LDPE, LDPE, 04, 4, transparent	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
LDPE, LDPE, 04, 4, opaque	yes	yes	?	not	not
PP, PP, 05.5, transparent	yes	yes	yes	not	not
PP, PP, 05.5, opaque	yes	yes	?	not	not
PVC / PVC / 3	not	not	not	not	not
7 (other)	not	not	not	not	not
with labels, price tags	not	not	not	not	not
dirty / greasy / with crumbs	not	not	not	not	not
"Biodegradable" bags	not	not	not	not	not
foil	not	not	not	not	not
non-foil combined plastic (marking type C / xx)	not	not	not	not	not

How bags and film mix are processed (video)

Recycling bags and films

The problem of plastic bags and examples of solutions in the world.

Key components in PE bags are oil and natural gas. About 4% of the world's oil production is spent on their production. In this case, the average lifetime of a packet is 20 minutes, and of decomposition, from 100 years.

Few people think that this convenient invention creates a huge number of problems, kills millions of birds and animals every year, and sometimes even leads to floods.

Now more than 150 million tons of plastic pollute the world's oceans, according to the British environmental NGO Ellen Macarthur Foundation.

The problem of used bags in the world is already so acute that various measures are applied to combat environmental pollution with polyethylene, and already about 40 countries have introduced a ban or restriction on the sale and production of plastic bags:

IN The European Union On April 16, 2014, a directive was adopted to reduce the number of plastic bags by 50% by 2017 and by 80% by 2019.

Denmark. In 1994, a tax was introduced on the free distribution of plastic bags. After that, the demand for it fell by 90%.

Germany. The disposal of the bags is paid by the consumers, and the collection and recycling of the bags is the responsibility of the sellers and distributors.

Ireland. An "ecological" tax has been introduced. As a result, package consumption has dropped by 90%.

Singapore, Bangladesh, Taiwan. A complete ban on the use of plastic bags has been introduced. The reason for this was the facts of blocking the sewers and blocking the river beds with plastic. As a reminder, in Bangladesh, plastic bags were the main cause of floods in 1988 and 1998, which flooded 2/3 of the country.

Tanzania. Here, manufacturing, importing or selling plastic bags is fined $ 2,000, or imprisoned for a year.

Zanzibar. The import of plastic bags is prohibited.

Australia. Since January 2004, the authorities have banned plastic bags on Kangaroo Island. By the end of 2008, a direct ban on the use of plastic bags in supermarkets across the country was introduced.

England. The population here has been using biodegradable bags since 2004.

Latvia. A tax on disposable bags is used to reduce their use.

Finland. In this advanced country, shops have machines for recycling and producing new plastic.

China. From June 1, 2008, it is prohibited to produce, sell and use plastic bags with a film thickness of less than 0.025 mm, and their free distribution will be prohibited in shops and supermarkets.

Italy. Since January 1, 2011, the country has banned the use of plastic bags. Instead, they use reusable bags or biobags.

Rwanda. In the shops of the country, it was forbidden to give out plastic bags to customers. The local police on the street stop those who dare to walk with a package in their hands. Environment Minister Drosella Mugorever said some supermarkets that did not comply with the law had their trade licenses revoked.

India. Under the new law, any citizen using plastic bags can face up to 7 years' imprisonment or a fine that can amount to up to 100,000 rupees, the equivalent of 2,000 US dollars. This ban was introduced following the example of South Africa.

Egypt. The ban on the use of plastic bags was introduced in 2008. The authorities decided to take these measures in order to preserve the unique ecosystem of the Red Sea, where coral reefs are primarily affected by the plastic bags thrown into the sea.

France. In 2017, France adopted a ban on disposable plastic bags (with a capacity of less than 10 liters and a thickness of less than 50 microns - this is a millionth of a meter), which are distributed in large supermarkets around the world. This is only part of a large EU program against the use of plastics, where they already understand that it is this plastic that has a significant impact on the environment.

Russia. There are no official restrictions on the use of plastic bags in our country. However, Russia recently banned calling plastic bags "biodegradable". Unfortunately, we still have a long way to go before banning plastic bags. Meanwhile, in the capital alone, about one hundred thousand tons of plastic bags are used every year, and only a third of this amount is utilized (most often, by ordinary burial).

What to do?

rsbor-msk.ru

from collection to recycled plastic

Home »Garbage and waste

Recycling of plastic bags is an upward trend in solving waste disposal problems, but there is still room for improvement, according to experts in the field of waste disposal. More and more grocery stores are joining the plastic bag recycling program, which plays an important role. Here are some important facts about plastic bag recycling.

Total recycling of plastic waste may rise

According to the State Environmental Protection Agency, about 13 percent of all plastic bags, plastic wrap and PET bottles are recycled in 2014. Plastic films are used in a wide variety of products, such as packaging materials. The recycling rate of plastic bags is significantly lower than that of paper and metal or recycling of plastic bottles. Almost 60 percent of all metals are recycled in 2014, according to the agency, while more than 50 percent of paper is recycled in the same year.

Recycling Plastic Bags: Objectives. The Association of Plastic Products Manufacturers, which includes most of the companies manufacturing plastic bags in Russia, has set a goal of 40 percent recycling of plastic bags and films by 2018. Achieving this goal will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, save energy to heat 200,000 homes each year, while reducing waste of 100 million kilograms annually.

Danger of plastic bags

One of the biggest dangers of plastic bags is the associated pollution and the energy expended in the original manufacturing process, which mainly uses natural gas. Recycling plastic bags at the waste sorting station, along with many other recycled plastic products, the recycling company offers a much cleaner production. The amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere is reduced by 50 percent, and the reduction in energy reaches 70 percent during plastic recycling.

Plastic bags are also the cause of hundreds of thousands of animal deaths at sea and on land. Sea turtles extremely vulnerable because the floating plastic bags are like jellyfish, the main food source for turtles. Other marine animals, as well as dogs, goats, cows and other animals on land, died after eating plastic bags.

Use of recycled plastic

The process of recycling plastic bags and other plastics, the result is recycled plastic and returns clean plastic granules used to make a variety of products from carpets to insulating layers for ski jackets, composite lumber and flooring.

meclean.ru

Where to Child Plastic Bags. Solutions to the Question

Plastic bags are common in the kitchen. They appear in the house with groceries from shops and supermarkets and simply in the form of packaging. Each of us would like to reduce the negative impact of polyethylene on environment, and for this he uses cellophane bags for the second or even the third time. So you have to hide them all over the kitchen in order to use them again after a while. But the number of cellophane bags waiting for a second use grows exponentially and becomes annoying. Some do not withstand the attack of polyethylene and throw everything away. But only to make room for new cellophane bags. nervous system in order, read our tips on where to put plastic bags and how to store plastic bags.

Ecological option.

Almost every city has a collection point for secondary raw materials. These points accept used batteries, plastic, polyethylene, rubber tires, used batteries. To find where to drop off plastic bags in your city, just google polyethylene collection points on the Internet. Collect all the bags in a large bag (sorry for the tautology) and go to return. In addition to the sense of satisfaction received from the contribution to the ecological state of your city, you will receive money from the waste collectors. Let them be small, but still.

Read about making, using and disposing of plastic bags on Wikipedia.

An economical option.

No hardware store will offer you an option for storing plastic bags at home. If you visit the Internet shops, you can choose the option that suits you best, in what to store plastic bags - a kind of organizer, in which the plastic bags are inserted from above, and removed through a special hole. Such containers from the Internet can be placed on a table, can be hung on a hook on the work wall, on a doorknob, or can be hung in a niche under the sink. They are made of plastic or metal, they have all kinds of shapes and colors, but each of us knows how to count money. And no one needs additional expenses in the form of buying a container for cellophane. Therefore, we suggest choosing for yourself not only where to store plastic bags, but also how. It is convenient to store plastic bags in:

• packaging from paper napkins. Those who do not use such napkins can use the tea box with success. In general, any cardboard, metal, plastic box will do. The compact size allows you to keep such a container in any kitchen drawer. For maximum comfort, you can cut a hole in the top of the box.
• plastic bottle. Cut off the bottom and neck of the bottle (determine the required volume yourself). Then fold the bags into it and use with pleasure. Needlewomen and creative personalities can decorate the bottle with decor. This design is also convenient because it can be attached from the inside of any kitchen door.
• continuing the theme of a plastic bottle, containers from under a liquid detergent or washing powder are suitable for the role of a bag storage.
• knitted bag. Needlewomen do not need to crochet or knit a bag for storing cellophane from the remains of yarn. If in your house there is an old knitted thing that no one is going to wear, then you can make a storage of cellophane bags from the sleeve of the product. Pull a lace or braid from both sides of the cut sleeve and tighten. The result will be something like candy or sausages (whatever you like).
• sewn doll-bag. To make such a doll, we turn on imagination and creatively approach the execution of the storage for cellophane. We place a capacious bag under the skirt in the finished doll, the sewing scheme of which is on the Internet. We will store the packages in this bag. To prevent them from falling out, we tighten the bottom of the bag with an elastic band.
• knitted bag made of plastic bags. If you know how to knit, then instead of yarn to create a bag storage, use cellophane. This, by the way, is about where you can use plastic bags.
• paper towel or foil roll. If there are not too many bags, then you can hide them in a cardboard sleeve left after using paper towels or foil. You can store such sticks with cellophane bags inside anywhere.
• basket for spices in the package. In such a container, which is a colored basket, it is convenient to store folded large bags in an upright position, having previously tied them with a clerical elastic band.

How to compactly fold plastic bags.

We have decided on the type of cellophane storage. However, we all understand that if we try to shove all the bags in a crowd, then the capacity suffers. But, if you fold the bags compactly, then much more bags will fit into the organizer or storage bag. Folding in a neat order will not only increase the number of bags in the "bag storage", but also align them.

• folding in a triangle. We level the bag on a flat surface. Fold in half lengthwise, and then a couple more times. Grasping the bottom edge of the bag from the fold, bend it into a triangle. Next, we continue to bend with a triangle to the very top. This tiny triangle takes up little space.

if you are folding a large cellophane bag with handles in a triangle, tuck the bag handles into the triangle. Then they won't hang out.

• folding into a tube. We flatten the bag on the table, and then fold it several times to make a strip. We wrap the strip around two fingers, and not with the wrapped bag handles we fix the bag. To do this, we wrap the handles around the ring from the bag.

Rigid large bags are simply folded in half or three. This will be the solution to the problem of how to fold plastic bags into a box. Any of these methods of folding cellophane allows you to identify torn, dirty or old bags during the folding process and dispose of them.

How you can use plastic bags.

It is not only possible, but also necessary to give a second life to cellophane bags (do we keep them for a reason?). Plastic bags can be used for:

• cleaning for pets while walking on the street. When going out for a walk with your four-legged pets, put a few plastic bags in your pocket to use as gloves when cleaning up after the animal.
• work on the garden plot. Putting such a cellophane bag on your palm, you can safely poke around in the ground without fear of getting your hands dirty.
• garbage. Do not buy special trash bags, but use used bags in your home.
• protect brushes from drying out. After working with paints and varnishes, wrap the brush in a bag so that it does not dry out.
• sending the parcel by mail. Wrap the parcel or parcel post in bags, then the recipient will receive the item or thing sent by you intact and safe.
• warming plants in the off-season. Many people know why spring frosts are dangerous. Therefore, you can cover the seedlings with bags at night. A kind of mini-greenhouse will protect young sensitive plants.
• knitting bags and rugs. Colored polyethylene rugs will be appropriate in the hallway. And in a plastic bag, you can not only store old bags, but also go with it to the store for groceries.
• repeat purchases. Everything is clear here.
• visits to medical institutions. Plastic bags can be used instead of shoe covers. Putting bags on your shoes save on shoe covers. You still have to throw it out, and then.

What can replace plastic bags.

You can reduce the amount of cellophane in the kitchen and in the house by using instead of bags:

• paper bags.
• semitransparent bags sewn from tulle.
• large shopping bags made from environmentally friendly materials. These bags are sold in shops and supermarkets near the checkout.
• foil. It is much more convenient to wrap sandwiches and other foods in foil.
• cling film. Similar to the previous point.

As practice shows, you can't do without plastic bags, but it is possible to reduce the amount of polyethylene used and tidy up your kitchen.

Video on how to conveniently store packages

Good day, brains! Recycling of plastic is a pressing issue and this brain leadership is one of the answers to it.

Plastic bags are so widespread that they have become one of the elements of littering our space, and the planet as a whole. But not everything is so sad, because you can do it yourself at home, recycle them into useful plastic sheets for your homemade products.

Step 1: get to know the process

Step 2: materials and tools

• Plastic bags (HDPE)
• Baking parchment
• Baking tray
• Scissors
• Oven

Step 3: preparing packages

To begin with, we save up a large number of bags, I have accumulated about 64 pieces, and as we accumulate, we rinse and dry them.

It should be noted that for the process described in this brain leadership, HDPE bags are needed, LDPE low density polyethylene will work, but it has more low temperature melting. Coloring and logos on the bags do not matter, the main thing is the uniformity of the material, as indicated by the marking.

Step 4: slicing packages

We cut dry and clean bags: we cut off the handles and the bottom, thereby we get polyethylene rings, which we also cut along one side. I decided not to use the sides of the logo bag, so I cut them off to get a solid color brain plastic.

Step 5: Splicing 4 packets

We begin the process of soldering the polyethylene sheets obtained earlier by cutting the bags. To do this, tear off a piece of parchment for baking a little more than plastic sheets and spread it on a heat-resistant surface, for example, on plywood or OSB. Lay out a stack of 4 sheets of polyethylene on the parchment, and cover it with another piece of parchment on top.

Turn on the iron and set it on average temperature, and when it warms up, we begin to iron a stack of polyethylene sheets from the middle to the edges. Well, we iron the sheets over the entire surface, then remove the top parchment and see how the sheets melted. If not very good, then again cover them with parchment and iron them, but for more high temperature... If holes are formed in the fused sheets, then the temperature of the iron is too high and should be reduced.

Having selected the desired temperature, we iron the remaining bags in the same way, thereby making four-layer sheets, which we will later combine into thicker ones.

Step 6: soldering thicker sheets

Now you need to solder the four-layer polyethylene sheets into thicker ones. By brain test and mistakes, I came to the conclusion that four-layer sheets are the most optimal. Fewer layers melt to form holes, and more layers are more difficult to solder.

Therefore, we take two four-layer sheets, place them between the sheets of parchment and iron them at a higher temperature, also from the middle to the edges. To make the process run better, we press the iron when soldering. As a result, we already get eight-layer polyethylene sheets.

In order to make sheets with a large number of layers, then apply a four-layer polyethylene to the eight-layer polyethylene and iron it, etc. to the desired thickness of the plastic briquette. At the same time, it is recommended to alternate the back and front sides for soldering, that is, turn it over after the next soldering, thereby avoiding deformation of the briquettes.

From four-layer sheets, you can sew light raincoats and bags, from eight-layer coats or a bag. 12-ply sheets and more are suitable for creating backpacks and laptop bags. 24-layer polyethylene can be used to create models and crafts, and 64-layer for containers and more durable products.

Step 7: bake the polyethylene

To improve the quality of your multilayer sheets, because sometimes they don't stick well or bubble well, you can bake them in the oven. To do this, you need a baking sheet, or preferably two, the same parchment and a few bricks.

We spread parchment on one baking sheet, lay a polyethylene multilayer on it brain briquette, on top of the polyethylene, another sheet of parchment and another baking sheet, on which we place a brick or two for weight.

We put the resulting structure in the oven for half an hour at a temperature of 200 degrees Celsius. After the specified time, we take it out and let it cool without removing the bricks in order to avoid deformation.

When the structure cools down to room temperature, remove the bricks, take out the baked polyethylene and check its edge. If it is completely soldered, integral, then the process was successful, if it is heterogeneous, there are no soldered places, then the process may have to be repeated at a higher temperature, up to 230 degrees.

Step 8: trim the edges

In the process of soldering, the edges of the polyethylene briquettes lost their rectilinear shape, so we take scissors in our hands and give them the desired rectangular shape.

Step 9: Application

Now that the plastic bags are recycled, turn on brain-making and create something useful from briquettes. By the way, this recycled polyethylene can be used for vacuum forming and even for making glue gun rods.
Good luck with your creativity and clean space around you!

Millions of plastic bags are used and discarded in Moscow every year. It turns out that some of them are being successfully recycled. Today we will go to such an enterprise and learn how polyethylene is prepared for reuse.

The Moscow Region company "Expert Vtor" does not process all types of plastic bags, but only film, bags, bags, stretch film production rejects (the so-called shrink wrap) and LDPE.

LDPE is high density polyethylene or, as it is also called, low density polyethylene. Waste LDPE can be formed during the direct production of polyethylene film. There is a lot of waste in stores (packaging of bottles, boxes, boxes), in glass factories (from packaging of bottles, cans), in distilleries and breweries (from packaging of containers or finished products).

Stretch wrap is a linear high pressure polyethylene (HDPE). It can stretch a lot. Due to this property, as well as increased resistance to punctures and tears, stretch films are used for packaging various goods, in particular on pallets (pallets). Waste stretch film is mainly generated and accumulated in warehouses of any value, at customs terminals, in logistics centers, etc.

Popular T-shirt bags made of HDPE (low pressure polyethylene) and "biodegradable" bags, which can be found, for example, in Azbuka Vkusa, are not recycled by the company. Polypropylene films, PVC films, bubble wrap, polyamide films, multilayer LDPE + PP, LDPE + PA films, as well as double-sided two-color films are also not suitable. Also, films contaminated with oils, fats, food waste and pesticides are not accepted.

The collected polyethylene goes to the warehouse first. It can store up to 100 tons of film waste, naturally in a pressed form. At the first stage, raw materials are carefully sorted. Stretch is separated from LDPE, types of films that are not processed by the enterprise are discarded.

After sorting, packages of a certain color are put into a crusher. In it, on V-shaped knives (this type is also called "dovetail"), the film is crushed to uniform particles. The knives are driven by an electric motor.

From the crusher, through a pneumatic conveyor, the so-called “crushed” enters the sink. In it, with the addition of special cleaning solutions, the "crushed" is cleaned of dust and other non-polyethylene inclusions.

The next stage of processing is agglomeration. The so-called "cooking" takes place in it. The operator loads clean "crushed" into the working chamber through the loading window.

The raw material goes along the guides to the rotating rotor, is crushed with knives and, due to friction against the body, is heated to the plasticization temperature among themselves. In this case, the entire volume of the loaded raw material becomes similar to a mushy mass.

When the material becomes homogeneous, "shock" water is added to it, as a result of which the material is sharply cooled and sintered into separate small balls of irregular shape. For some more time, the agglomerate is dried at natural ambient temperature and unloaded into prepared containers to go to the final stage. The cooking process itself lasts from 5 to 10 minutes.

The granulation process can be compared to rolling minced meat through a meat grinder. The agglomerate, which we received at the previous stage, is loaded into the extruder hopper.

It is so called because the production of granules is based on the extrusion method - forcing the molten mass through a forming hole.

In general, the "minced meat" from the cooked bags is melted under the action of the heaters and the pressure generated by the rotating auger. The polymer melt is forced through a filter into a rotating extruder head. The so-called threads are already coming out of it. For cooling, they are let through a water sleeve, and then into knives, where they are cut into homogeneous granules.

Granules are packed in clean polypropylene bags, about 50 kg each. No special storage conditions are required, but it is desirable that it be a dry place. The resulting granules, depending on the composition and color, are sold. Natural-colored stretch granules are used for the production of secondary stretch.

Natural-colored LDPE granules are used for the production of secondary shrinkable or technical films. Colored LDPE granules are mainly used for the production of garbage bags.

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Most types of plastics do not decompose in nature, or decompose extremely slowly - over hundreds and thousands of years. Therefore, by the 1970s, the world faced the problem of environmental pollution with plastic waste - and, accordingly, the issue of disposal of such waste. It soon became clear that the recycling of plastic waste itself can be a business with a fairly attractive level of margin.

Today there are about 100 organizations in Belarus, recycling waste plastics. As a result of processing, prepared secondary raw materials (crushed, granules, flakes of plastic brands) are obtained for the further production of new plastic products, packaging.

The following types of plastic waste are industrially processed in Belarus:

• packaging with PET, PETE, HDPE, LDPE, PE, PP badges. These are plastic bottles for milk, oil, vinegar, beer, containers for shower gels and shampoos, other cosmetics, household chemicals;
• plastic bags and film;
• plastic basins, buckets;
• pens without rods, rulers;
• plastic woven bags, etc.

The demand for "recycled" plastic is quite high, and this has led to the fact that companies that process plastic waste are no longer satisfied with household and industrial waste, and buy unnecessary plastic - primarily plastic (PET) bottles.

According to the State Institution “Operator of secondary material resources”, there are several PET bottle collection points in each district of Minsk. You can choose the nearest stationary collection point for plastic bottles by following this link. The operating hours and the cost of delivery of a kilogram of plastic waste are also indicated there.

An important point: it is necessary to bring at least a kilogram of plastic bottles to the collection point, otherwise they will not be accepted. If you need to dispose of only one or two bottles, then it is easier to throw them in the trash, observing certain conditions:

• used PET bottles should be disposed of in visible yellow containers, which are intended for separate collection of recyclable materials;
• plastic bottles can be thrown into containers labeled "plastic, glass, paper", "plastic, paper" or "plastic, paper, metal".

In addition to PET bottles from drinks, you can dispose of in separate waste containers:

• bottles from vegetable oil, vinegar, dairy products;
• plastic packaging for shampoo, hairspray, shower gels and other cosmetics;
• packaging for household chemicals, various detergents;
• plastic bags, containers for food packaging;
• bread bags, milk bags, jars of yogurt, kefir;
• household items made of plastic (buckets, basins, etc.);
• plastic parts, housings of household appliances.

However, there are a number of packages that should not be disposed of in plastic containers. This list includes Tetra Pak, toothpaste tubes, bags of mayonnaise, chips, tea. These packages contain not only degradable plastic, but also metal, which must be disposed of separately. Therefore, throw the tubes and packages from chips into a common container - this garbage will be buried in a landfill.

Certain industries accumulate a huge amount of wasted plastic bags that should not be thrown into the trash at all. The RusMak company accepts plastic bags for processing in any volume. Thanks to our company, the accepted plastic bag acquires a second life in the form of various products, such as:

• dense bags or film;
• watering cans, flower pots, or plastic utensils;
• plastic parts for various accessories.

Favorable conditions for admission

A huge amount of plastic bags accumulates not only at our home, but also in large shopping centers, small stores and various departments directly related to the plastic packaging of goods. The bags thrown into the trash pollute the environment with very harmful substances, so everyone can take part in saving the soil from toxins. Our company is ready to buy polyethylene on favorable terms for you. In this case, the price of admission depends on the following factors:

• weight of plastic bags;
• degree of purity;
• sorting waste into certain types.

The company "RusMak" is ready to offer its own transport for self export plastic waste and bags.