Predestination Tyutchev analysis. Tyutchev's predestination is what knowledge is about. Fedor Tyutchevpredestination. Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “Predestination”

And their fatal merger,

And which one is more tender?

The more inevitable and more certain,

Loving, suffering, sadly melting,

It will finally wear out...

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Analysis of Tyutchev's Poem "Predestination"

Perception, interpretation, evaluation

The poem “Predestination” was allegedly written by F.I. Tyutchev in 1851. It is part of the famous “Denisyev cycle”, which includes such poems as “More than once have you heard a confession...”, “I knew with my eyes...”, “Oh, don’t bother me with a fair reproach...”, “Oh, how murderously we love ...”, “She lay in oblivion all day...”. All of them are dedicated to Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva, the poet’s beloved. This love story was very dramatic: it was condemned by society, Tyutchev and Deniseva had three illegitimate children. Elena Alexandrovna was sick with consumption, died early, and then their two common children died.

We can classify the poem as love and philosophical lyrics. Here the poet reflects on the essence of love. What is love, according to Tyutchev? This is the “union of the soul with the soul of one’s own,” which is predetermined for a person by his fate:

The union of the soul with the dear soul - Their union, combination,

And their fatal merger,

However, love does not contain eternal harmony: the “fatal duel” often ends in the death of one of the lovers. And a tender, loving heart dies.

The poem is structured in the form of a gradual development of the theme: a fatal meeting - a relationship - the culmination of these relationships (“the fatal duel”) - a sad denouement (the death of one of the lovers). The poem is written in iambic tetrameter with pyrrhic and clauses. The poet uses various means of artistic expression - metaphor, anaphora, a number of homogeneous terms, lexical repetition (in the first stanza). The second stanza contains metaphor, inversion and a number of homogeneous terms:

The more inevitable and more certain,

Loving, suffering, sadly melting,

It will finally wear out...

At the phonetic level we find alliteration (“In the unequal struggle of two hearts”) and assonance (“The union of the soul with the dear soul”).

Thus, in this work the poet expressed his views on love, fate, and human life in general. The “Denisevsky cycle” had a great influence on the development of all Russian poetry.

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“Predestination” F. Tyutchev

“Predestination” Fyodor Tyutchev

Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their connection, combination,
And their fatal merger.
And... the fatal duel...

And which one is more tender?
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...

Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “Predestination”

Fyodor Tyutchev was married twice, and both of his marriages turned out to be very successful both from a financial point of view and in terms of mutual affection. However, having lived in a happy marriage with his second wife Ernestina for more than 10 years, the poet unexpectedly becomes interested in the young student of the Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens, Elena Denisyeva, whom many bibliographers call Tyutchev’s last love. This extramarital affair, which brought both lovers not only many exciting moments, but also public condemnation, lasted almost 15 years. In fact, the poet lived for two families, since Elena Denisyeva gave him three children, the existence of which his legal wife was well aware of.

Endowed with natural beauty and a sharp mind, from the first meeting Elena Denisyeva made such an indelible impression on Tyutchev that, anticipating the beginning of a whirlwind romance, in 1850 he dedicated the poem “Predestination” to her, in which he actually predicted how his relationship with this woman would develop. . Love in the poet’s concept is “the union of the soul with the soul of one’s own.” However, this is not only peace and harmony, but also a “fatal duel”, which is inevitable when it comes to feelings. Someone in such a union is always the leader, and someone submits, otherwise the relationship is not destined to be long and happy.

In this novel, oddly enough, the leader was Elena Denisyeva, who was the first to take a step towards her chosen one, and then insisted that Tyutchev not dissolve his marriage, which could hinder his successful career as a diplomat. It was this woman, possessing amazing self-control and willpower, who for the sake of her lover abandoned her own family, inheritance and status in society, preferring a life of reclusion to family happiness. However, “in the unequal struggle of two hearts,” the poet also saw the other side, devoid of romance and idealism. This is mental pain, which is an inevitable companion of love, and because of which the heart “will finally wear out.” Tyutchev was convinced that this fate inevitably befalls the one who submits to his chosen one in a love union. But the poet was mistaken, since it was not so much he who had to suffer from a vicious relationship, but Elena Deniseva, whose name turned out to be tarnished for life. She did not give her lover reasons for jealousy and did not demand anything in return. But, having become the mistress of a married man, she doomed herself to loneliness, which Tyutchev could not come to terms with.

“Predestination”, analysis of Tyutchev’s poem

“There are many songs written about love. “These words can rightfully be attributed to the work of the poet of the second half of the 19th century, Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev. Indeed, his life, like the life of, perhaps, any poet, is illuminated by the light of great love. Tyutchev had many hobbies in his life. Even in his youth, as an official of the Russian diplomatic mission in Munich, he became interested in Amalia Lernenfeld (married Baroness Krüdener), to whom the famous poem “I remember the golden time” is addressed. "(1836) and another, later - “I met you - and everything of the past. "(1870), which became a popular romance.

Tyutchev had already been married twice when in 1850 in St. Petersburg he met Elena Deniseva, A.D.’s niece and pupil. Denisyeva, inspector of the Smolny Institute, where the poet’s two daughters were raised. 24-year-old Elena, fascinated by the personality and creativity of Fyodor Ivanovich, deeply and selflessly fell in love with Tyutchev, and he responded to her with long-term and passionate affection. However, in high society in St. Petersburg, their connection, which could not be hidden, caused a scandal. In addition, during these 14 years they had three children. The entire burden of condemnation and rejection fell on Denisyeva’s shoulders: her father disowned her, her aunt was forced to leave the Smolny Institute, her children were labeled as “illegality,” and the doors of the best St. Petersburg drawing rooms were closed to her.

In addition, Tyutchev retained his attachment to his legal family, to his children and to his wife, whom he called his “earthly providence.” Being in such an ambiguous position in the world, Elena Denisyeva was constantly in an excited state, she was irritable, which ultimately accelerated the development of consumption in her, and on August 4, 1864 she died. Their common son and daughter died next. Tyutchev was shocked by the death of his loved ones and until the end of his life he considered himself to be the culprit of such a tragic outcome. The feelings he experienced were reflected in poems about love, which became the pinnacle of not only Russian, but also world love poetry. Later, these poems were combined into a cycle called “Denisievsky”.

This cycle includes poems such as "Predestination". “I knew the eyes - oh, these eyes...”, “On the eve of the anniversary of August 4, 1864.” etc. All the poems of the “Denisyev cycle” are dramatic and to some extent reminiscent of a confession. The similarity is enhanced by the form of the dialogue, in which the lyrical hero repents and asks for forgiveness from the one who is no longer with him.

The poem “Predestination” reveals the true essence of love. For the poet, this is not only happiness, “the union of the soul with the dear soul, their union, combination,” but also “their fatal merger” - “the fatal duel.” The repetition of the epithet “fatal” twice reveals the author’s idea that love is a feeling predetermined from above. This means that the torment and suffering that lovers endure are predetermined. All that remains is to come to terms with it. But in a fight there must be a winner and a loser. And the loser, sadly enough, is the one who loves most, whose “tender heart” languishes with love.

Of course, the lyrical hero suffers no less, but he suffers when what happened cannot be changed. Obviously, this is why there are a large number of ellipses in the poem, conveying the hero’s excitement, creating a high emotional intensity, but at the same time maintaining some reticence. It’s as if he understands that he’s hurting his beloved, but he can’t change anything, because the result of the fight with higher powers, with fate, is known in advance: the heart is “loving, suffering, sadly melting. will finally wear out."

Tyutchev himself later wrote with repentance: “The wound festers and does not heal. “Therefore, the main poems of this cycle appeared several years after the death of Elena Alexandrovna.

In conclusion, I would like to note that written in iambic tetrameter, traditional for the 19th century, this poem sounded too bravura and life-affirming. Therefore, the use of pyrrhic clauses and clauses allowed the poet to reduce the “cheerfulness” and “cheerfulness” of the work and evoke the feeling of a duel between man and fate. In the future, the “Denisiev cycle” will have a huge impact on the development of Russian poetry of the twentieth century.

In addition to analyzing Predestination, check out the following works:

Analyze and compare poems by F.I. Tyutchev “Predestination” and N.A. Nekrasov “I don’t like your irony. »

The theme of love is one of the most traditional in world and Russian poetry. Artists of words in different eras “examined” this feeling from all sides, analyzed all its shades and nuances - and created a kind of world “encyclopedia of love”.
Significant contributions to its creation were made by such Russian poets as F.I. Tyutchev and N.A. Nekrasov. They both own cycles of poems dedicated to the woman they love. Tyutchev’s “Denisev cycle” is dedicated to E.A. Deniseva, Nekrasov’s “Panaev cycle” dedicated to A.Ya. Panaeva.
We know that the love of both poets was not completely happy - it was accompanied by various external difficulties, internal contradictions and had a sad ending. However, each of the poets interpreted their own love story in their own way and made their own, purely individual conclusions.
Thus, in Tyutchev’s poem “Predestination” (1851), the poet talks about the essence of love. In his understanding, this is not only great joy and happiness, as is usually believed:
Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their connection, combination...
According to Tyutchev, in a feeling of love, in addition to merging, there is always a confrontation between two loving hearts - a “fatal duel.” It is important that in the first stanza, which is a kind of watery part in the poem, the poet repeats the epithet “fatal” several times. For him, the love of two people is predetermined from above, by fate or by God, and therefore everything that happens between two lovers is also predetermined. This means that a person needs to come to terms with it, no matter how painful it may be at times.
The second part of the poem develops this thesis of Tyutchev:
And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out.
In this love struggle there is, sadly, a loser. It becomes the one who loves more, who completely gives himself to another person. The fate of such a “tender heart” is to “languish,” that is, to be tormented, to suffer, to be sad, but not to be able to change anything, because everything is predetermined by fate.
Thus, Tyutchev’s love acquires cosmic meaning - for him, love is a duel between man and higher powers. The result of this fight is known in advance, so it has a tragic connotation. However, human nature is such that a person cannot help but enter into this struggle.
The poem consists of two five-line stanzas and is written in iambic tetrameter with pyrrhic and modified clauses. This allows the poet to reduce the “cheerfulness” and “vigor” of the work, but create a feeling of a duel, the struggle of man and fate.
The “hard” combination of hissing, voiced consonants and the sound “r” in the poem also contribute to the creation of this effect - a formidable, very serious struggle:
And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting...
Syntactically, the poem is distinguished by a large number of ellipsis (inconsistency). The poet creates a feeling of high emotional intensity, great excitement of his lyrical hero, who is a participant in this “fatal duel.” He understands all its tragedy and suffers from it - apparently, he hurts his beloved, but cannot change the situation.
The leading epithet in the poem is the epithet “fatal” - it conveys the main idea of ​​​​the work. In addition, there are metaphors (“the union of soul with soul”; “Their union, combination, And their fatal merger”; “In the struggle of two hearts”; “it wears out”), other epithets (“with my dear soul”, “sadly mleya").
At the center of Nekrasov’s poem “I don’t like your irony” (1850) there is also a dramatic, sad situation - the extinction of love. The poem has a plot - it is about a meeting between two people who love each other, anticipating an imminent breakup. It is from this, still unclear, cooling and irony of the lyrical heroine, which is mentioned already at the beginning of the work.
However, the feelings are still alive - this is also understood by the lyrical hero, who conducts a mental dialogue with his beloved. He sees: “You still want to extend the date, shyly and tenderly...”; feels that “Jealous anxieties and dreams are still rebelliously boiling inside me...” However, the denouement is inevitable. The last stanza of the poem is devoted to its explanation and description:
And without that she is not far away:

So in autumn the river is more turbulent,
But the raging waves are colder.
Here people's feelings are compared to a natural phenomenon - a stormy river in autumn. Thus, Nekrasov affirms the unity of man and nature, the subordination of man to the laws of the Universe. He is sure that before the end, feelings “boil more strongly,” but this is a kind of agony before death, because “there is a secret coldness and melancholy in the heart.”
Realizing the inevitable end, the hero experiences melancholy and sadness. After all, he remembers how hot the feeling was, how much he experienced together with his beloved woman. And this makes it unbearable for him to hear the irony in her voice, which indicates a cooling feeling:
I don't like your irony.
Leave her outdated and not alive,
And you and I, who loved so dearly,
Still retaining the remainder of the feeling, -
It’s too early for us to indulge in it!
Compositionally, the poem is divided into three parts (according to the number of 5-line stanzas). Each of them is a description of different stages of the characters’ feelings: the first stanza is tender love, colored by a bitter premonition of separation, the second stanza is a description of “past” love, the third is the characters’ feelings leading to a breakup.
In form, the poem is an “internal dialogue” of the lyrical hero. In general, the poem is very “personal” - here the character of not only the hero, but also the lyrical heroine is revealed, the details of their inner appearance are highlighted. So, the heroine is sharp and ironic, but at the same time, tender and shy. The hero is more reasonable and calm than his beloved, perhaps more melancholy and contemplative.
The work contains a large number of epithets: “to shyly and tenderly prolong”, “to those who loved dearly”, “jealous anxieties and dreams”, “boil rebelliously”, “secret cold and melancholy”. There are also metaphors here: “those who have lived and those who have not lived”, “the remnant of feelings”, “anxieties and dreams are boiling”, “don’t rush the denouement”, “we are boiling harder”. In addition, the poem ends with a comparison that contains the essence of the entire work - a comparison of cooling love with a stormy autumn river: “So in the fall the river is stormier, But the raging waves are colder. »
Syntactically, the poem is distinguished by the presence of exclamatory sentences and ellipses in the finale. All these signs convey the excited state of the lyrical hero, experiencing pain from the awareness of the approaching end.
The combination of hissing and whistling consonants with the sonorant “r” in the last part creates a feeling of “seething”, but, at the same time, a feeling of cooling, icy cold:
We are boiling more intensely, full of the last thirst,
But there is a secret coldness and melancholy in the heart.
So in autumn the river is more turbulent,
But the raging waves are colder.
The poem is written in iambic pentameter with pyrrhichs and additional stressed syllables, which allows you to create a feeling of the rapid movement of the river - the final boil of the feelings of the heroes.
Thus, love in the understanding of Tyutchev and Nekrasov is an inevitable combination of joy and suffering, mental pain. In Tyutchev’s consciousness, this nature of love is sent down to man from above - on earth, man is forced to suffer, such is his lot.
Nekrasov considers love, like all other aspects of human life, to be part of the life of nature. That is why feelings obey the laws of nature, have their beginning and end, like everything in the world.
In Nekrasov's poem, the image of the lyrical heroine is depicted more clearly than in Tyutchev's. For the hero Nekrasov, the ideal is the tenderness and modesty of his beloved. For Tyutchev’s hero - complete surrender of oneself, tragic submission to fate, sacrifice.
Both virtuoso wordsmiths, Tyutchev and Nekrasov, use a large number of artistic means in their poems. Thus, Tyutchev’s main lexical device is metaphor, while Nekrasov enriches his poem with a large number of epithets; he also uses metaphors and comparison.
Syntactically, Tyutchev, as a more “philosophical” artist, uses ellipses. This is how he conveys the sad, but somewhat contemplative thoughts of his hero. Nekrasov's hero is more emotional - this is indicated by exclamation marks in the poem.
In addition, both artists use sound means (alliteration) for a more complete and “visible” impression, conveying the mood of the characters. For the same purposes, both Tyutchev and Nekrasov skillfully use iambic, combining it with pyrrhic and additional stresses

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Nothing ever happens to us by accident...

Not long ago I was given the book “Strategies for Happy Couples.” And I was surprised to discover that the author’s name was very familiar to me: when I saw that it was Valentin Badrak, I didn’t believe it. Perhaps the stereotype worked, because I heard about him as a military journalist and director of the analytical Center for Army, Conversion and Disarmament Studies, as well as director of the Defense Express Defense News Agency, and here are non-standard thoughts about family, happiness, love, leadership and success using examples of people whose names the whole world knows...

...Then I lost a loved one, and this book became a real healer, and now a friend. I promised myself to definitely find Valentin and find out how one person combines a serious military man and an intellectual writer, who managed to dull the pain, showed the limitlessness of human possibilities and revealed the wonderful world of family happiness from an unusual side...

MEET YOURSELF

Looking for.
Self-sufficient.
Loving husband and caring father.
Author of books for Personality Development –

VALENTIN BADRAK

Valentin - from lat. valeo - “to be healthy”
Born on November 29, 1968 in Cherkasy

Believes: every person is born for a potential mission, everyone is subject to a unique form of self-expression, and everyone makes their own choice. What a person chooses in this life, he does for the sake of his own soul, for his growth and development.

I am sure: couples find happiness if two people really want it - the activity of one is powerless if the other is indifferent.

He knows: there are no recipes for genius. Genius is not a gift of Nature, nor the result of mystical inspiration. This is the conscious volitional activity of a highly concentrated, obsessed, absolutely captivated person who believes in himself and is ready to sacrifice everything that interferes with the implementation of his idea.

I am convinced that success is not a fantastic dream. And every person does not have to become a genius, but only everyone is capable of reaching the level of an outstanding master worthy of the admiration of the Creator. By taking a closer look at the secrets of success of those who have achieved it, any person gains a new chance to become a winner.

All people came the same and with equal chances: everything that one person can do, another can do. Every person is capable of achieving his own idea, but no winner believes in chance.

Ryazan Airborne School and Kiev State Linguistic University. Was a student at the School of Management named after. J. Kennedy Harvard University.
From 1999 to the present day - director of the non-governmental analytical Center for Army, Conversion and Disarmament Research (CIACR) and the Defense Express Defense News Agency.

Many publications on motivation in various spheres of human activity and a series of books intended for those who are ready to fight for their personality, for the happiness of their loved ones, who dare to recognize the greatness of true love:

2005 "Strategies of GENIUS MEN"
2007 "Strategies of GENIUS WOMEN"
2008 "Strategies of EVIL GENIUS"
2009 "Strategies for HAPPY COUPLES"
2010 "7 Women Who Changed the World"
2010 "7 men who changed the world"
2010 "7 evil geniuses who shocked the world"
2010 "7 principles of family happiness"
2010 "7 couples that charmed the world"
2011 "Strategies of OUTSTANDING PERSONALITIES (textbook for everyone)"
2011 "Officer's Gambit"
2011 "Coming from the Airborne Forces"

Analyzed

More than 400 biographies of famous people on the planet who are commonly called geniuses. Among them: Nicholas and Helena Roerich, Albert Schweitzer and Helena Breslau, Arthur Conan Doyle and Jean Leckie, Seneca the Younger and Paulina Pompeii, Yaroslav the Wise and Irina, Agrippina the Younger, Bill Gates, Cleopatra, Alexander the Great, Joan of Arc, Gaius Julius Caesar, Madonna, Sigmund Freud, etc.

Valentin, you graduated from the Ryazan Military School, but did not become a military man. Why?

Yes, it was a “life school” and I realized that the army was not an area of ​​my self-realization, because it was an absolutely destructive organization. This decision was not easy. At some point I realized that I did not want to become a general, I had no intention of becoming, say, a division commander or minister of defense. For self-realization, these goals seemed to me not so much too small, but rather they looked like fetishes, surrogates of the true mission.
But the experience I had, although it set me back several years, still enriched me. I knew my goals and what I would do.
Our analytical “Center for Research on the Army, Conversion and Disarmament” is the only non-governmental organization in Ukraine working in the field of security and defense information. We are engaged in optimizing army financing, offering approaches to organizing military-technical cooperation, and informing the defense-industrial complex. Based on the information prepared by the center’s experts, many decisions are made at the state level. Consumers of our information are not only in Ukraine, but also in France, Russia, Bulgaria, Poland, etc.

Valentin, what connects, or perhaps unites, your professional and creative activities?

Combines a penchant for analytical and creative work.
And many things connect:
- the struggle for human life to become a value, and the security of the state to begin with the security of a specific person, citizen;
- to restore the priority of the family at the state level;
- the idea of ​​summarizing the life experiences of people who have made a tremendous contribution to the development of humanity and demonstrated bright possibilities - this is what the series of books “Strategies of Geniuses” is about;
- the desire to change the state’s approaches to the army, as a military expert I am fighting to preserve the security of the state of Ukraine, and I am writing a new book about this.

Is it possible to be happy in a marriage from start to finish? Is this a gift from God or a job?

Every successful union is, first of all, the fruitful and painstaking work of two people. A happy family can only be created as a union of self-sufficient individuals who are afraid of losing each other and who care about their own development. “Women make history, although history only remembers the names of men” Heinrich Heine.
A very important role in building harmonious family relationships is played by a woman - initially the keeper of the home. Her wisdom, restraint, calmness and love inspire a man, give him strength, inspiration and confidence in his main purpose.
A striking example of this is Helena Roerich. If it weren’t for her, there would be neither Nicholas nor the mission family. To walk the righteous and noble path together from the very first meeting to the last heartbeat, the path of the eternal search for Truth, to prove that great love is the only important insight of the soul, and that it is possible.

Love, love - says the legend -
Union of soul with dear soul

Their unity, combination,
And their fatal merger,
And... the fatal duel...

And which one is more tender?

In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,

Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...

Fedor Tyutchev

I would say unique features:
- take advantage of the strategies of brilliant people and achieve success in your chosen activity;
- gain absolute self-confidence and adopt the philosophy of victory;
- find the meaning of your own life and develop an active program for the development of your personality;
- improve your image, make it colorful and original;
- learn to be happy, create a successful family and a space of harmony around it;
- understand what motivates a man and a woman, understand the reasons for their actions, use this in building your own relationships with others and when raising children;
- formulate your development and growth strategy.
- In modern life there is an unprecedented attack on the institution of marriage. The family as a unity of a man and a woman is gradually self-destructing, increasingly failing to fulfill its functions. A distorted perception of the common life of parents deforms the psyche of children, who then most often repeat the sad family plot. Therefore, in fact, it is worth turning to the family experience of outstanding personalities.

According to Valentin, the idea of ​​writing a book that will become a guide for those who want to build harmonious family relationships belongs to his wife Tatyana. That’s why he dedicated “Strategies for Happy Couples,” as well as “Strategies for Genius Women,” to his beloved wife (author’s note).

Neither one nor the other. Strategies of Geniuses is written at the intersection of fiction and analysis based on clear historical facts and biographical data.
“Strategies of geniuses” is, first of all, the experience of a large number of outstanding individuals, structured and decomposed into strategies using a similar matrix:
Having an idea → Having the willpower to implement it → Having technology to introduce your own idea into human consciousness.
It is rather a list of actions that were the cornerstone for a particular person when making decisions. In addition, the analysis used the achievements of different schools and areas of psychoanalysis and philosophy: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Friedrich Nietzsche, Erich Fromm, Carl Leonhard, Roberto Assagioli, Nikolai Berdyaev, Herbert Marcuse, Vasily Rozanov, Robert Dilts and many others.
The fact is that modern developments, including in the field of NLP (neurolinguistic programming) and books on the theory and practice of success, make analysis based on non-existent stories (invented, conditional).
And since only life itself gives an understanding of a person’s inner world, I showed a line of different personalities, which are difficult to relate to unambiguously.
And this line was not chosen by chance: it is not the events and situations themselves that are important, but the attitude of people towards these events - this is one of the important nuances that distinguishes “Strategies of Geniuses” from ordinary descriptions of biographies and historical events.

Could you name the rules and guidelines that unite the geniuses in Strategies?

First of all, this is an extremely positive attitude towards oneself: all the winners thought of themselves as a hero. Constant self-improvement and ironic perception of recognized authorities. Demonstration of enormous willpower. Phenomenal concentration and extraordinary focus on an idea. Belief in one's own messianism. Accurate calculation, looking at the world through the prism of one’s own interests. Explicit use of close surroundings.
Readiness for action and obsession: their activity is a chain of continuous steps. Failures are quickly forgotten, but even the smallest victory is consolidated in the collective consciousness of contemporaries as an incredible success.
The ability to use the experience of predecessors and new technologies to promote an idea and actively introduce it into the collective consciousness.
Of course, transnational thinking - they are ready to change their habitat for the sake of self-realization, leave comfort and ignore comfort. The idea for them is higher than their native land.
Genius is always a challenge to existing stereotypes, opinions, and habitual perceptions of something. First, a genius shakes society like a gigantic earthquake, drawing attention to itself. This new thing is then associated with his name.

Which male and female characters are close to you, Valentin, and maybe even fell in love with you while working on the books? Describe the ones that are most interesting to you.

Among the male characters: Seneca the Younger, Gaius Julius Caesar and Albert Schweitzer. If we talk about women, then first of all these are: Agrippina the Younger, Helena Roerich and Irina - the wife of Yaroslav the Wise.
For me personally, I consider Agripina the Younger the most interesting - an extremely destructive image of a female fighter. Contradictory and very vital. And understanding this personality was important for me from the point of view of a father (analysis of father-daughter and mother-son relationships), since my daughter and son are growing up. A positive perception of her father and a positive connection with her father's spirit led to the fact that Agrippina became a super-woman in her historical period.
I treat some personalities with a degree of irony and do not consider them geniuses, for example, Madonna, Joan of Arc, Marilyn Monroe, Van Gogh. But on the other hand, they had an idea, an iron will and used the entire arsenal of technologies, which gave colossal results in their recognition and perception by the collective consciousness.

Valentin, as a creative person, you are probably subject to outbursts of emotions, maybe even depression. Tell us what helps you overcome such conditions?

I do not believe in inspiration from heaven, but I believe that a person controls his mental state and can influence himself independently. The techniques can be completely different.
I, like any person, naturally have different emotions, and I have my own way of recovery in different situations. My wife Tatyana has a calming effect on me; when she is nearby, it is easier for me to survive any troubles. And I am very glad that 22 years ago I did not pass by my happiness.
I never experienced any particular depression, except at the stage of making the decision to leave the army, when I no longer saw prospects for myself ahead and had to look for a new direction. Then my wife and I talked a lot, discussed various versions and came to a common decision. And I realized that there are no unsolvable situations, no matter how difficult the obstacles may seem.
In difficult moments, my favorite books help me a lot. For example, “Sailor in the Saddle” by Irving Stone (a fictional biography of Jack London, author’s note). I open it anywhere, I see an example of a real man, and this immediately takes me from a state of impasse to a state of inspiration.
Sometimes something amazing happens: something soft, elegant and beautiful in style comes to my rescue - Vladimir Nabokov or Stefan Zweig. Or very precisely calibrated, and therefore exciting, is Bulgakov or Merezhkovsky.
Well, even the ancient Greeks said about the benefits of physical activity: “If you want to be strong, run, if you want to be beautiful, run, if you want to be smart, run.” And an interesting phenomenon is that it is during physical exercise that new ideas come to me.
“Better than mountains, there can be only mountains that you have never been to before!” - this line from a song, once written by Vladimir Vysotsky, has long become a kind of motto for all climbers and skiers. And it is this motto that inspires mountain lovers to conquer more and more peaks.

For Valentin, this is one of the ways to self-heal and move forward. But in order to conquer a new height, you need to descend from the previous one and go through the entire climb again. Just like in life...

What, Valentin, would you like to tell your readers?

Firstly, for everyone to think about whether they have a goal, where they are going, how and why.
Secondly, believe in yourself and remember: what one person has done, others can do too.
And thirdly, use the historical experience of great people to achieve your goals.
All examples were not invented by me, I only systematized them and analyzed them as a trend in personal development, so it depends on everyone whether they can take advantage of this chance.
I write not for the sake of business, but for people who care about their present and future. If after reading my books someone finds themselves, if at least one family becomes happy, for me it will be a reward and true pleasure.

From the author

In everyday life, we are surrounded by different people who, whether we like it or not, influence our worldview, career, creativity, health, and well-being. Nevertheless, we ourselves are the creators of our own happiness, and one of the advantages of a person is his ability to learn from the examples of others. The main thing is not just to choose your own path, but to find the strength to walk along it.

“Do not be afraid of your enemies - in the worst case, they can only kill you; do not be afraid of your friends - in the worst case, they can only betray you. Be afraid of indifferent people, because only with their tacit consent do all the murders and betrayals in this world occur.”... Bruno Yasensky

Personalities such as Valentin Badrak, who are not indifferent to the future of their country and to the present of every modern person, are a great value of our time.

Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their union, combination,
And their fatal merger,
And... the fatal duel...

And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
She will finally wear out...

Analysis of the poem “Predestination” by Tyutchev

Written by Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, probably in 1851, the poem “Predestination” is dedicated to Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva and is part of the so-called “Denisyev cycle”. The romance between the poet and Denisyeva, whom he dearly loved, was condemned by society. The girl fell ill with consumption and died early; later two of the three illegitimate children of her lovers died.

In the poem, Tyutchev discusses what love is. Talking in a few lines about the meeting, culmination and end of the relationship, the poet shows that he believes that the beginning and outcome of love stories are predetermined, that love invariably develops according to one scenario, eternal and unchanging.

The first lines describe love as “the union of the soul with the soul of one’s own.” Afterwards Tyutchev writes about the fatal duel in which these souls are intertwined. Not only do lovers confront the world in an attempt to defend their love, they also constantly fight with each other. The poet writes:

And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...

Thus, the one who loves more and more tenderly is doomed to destruction. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev calls the struggle of hearts deliberately unequal, believing that in any novel one person loves more than the other, which is why he suffers and “finally languishes.”

The poem “Predestination” is written in iambic tetrameter with pyrrhic and clauses. The poet resorts to means of artistic expression. In the first stanza he uses metaphor, anaphora (unity of command), homogeneous members, and lexical repetition. In the second stanza one can find metaphor, inversion, homogeneous members.

In the second stanza one can find metaphor, inversion, homogeneous members. Tyutchev also uses alliteration (the line “In the unequal struggle of two hearts”) and assonance (the line “The union of the soul with the dear soul”), which makes the poem more sonorous.

Poem "Predestination".

Perception, interpretation, evaluation

The poem “Predestination” was allegedly written by F.I. Tyutchev in 1851. It is part of the famous “Denisyev cycle”, which includes such poems as “More than once have you heard a confession...”, “I knew with my eyes...”, “Oh, don’t bother me with a fair reproach...”, “Oh, how murderously we love ...”, “She lay in oblivion all day...”. All of them are dedicated to Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva, the poet’s beloved. This love story was very dramatic: it was condemned by society, Tyutchev and Deniseva had three illegitimate children. Elena Alexandrovna was sick with consumption, died early, and then their two common children died.

We can classify the poem as love and philosophical lyrics. Here the poet reflects on the essence of love. What is love, according to Tyutchev? This is the “union of the soul with the soul of one’s own,” which is predetermined for a person by his fate:

Love, love - says the legend - Union of the soul with the dear soul - Their union, combination,

And their fatal merger,

And...the fatal duel...

However, love does not contain eternal harmony: the “fatal duel” often ends in the death of one of the lovers. And a tender, loving heart dies.

The poem is structured in the form of a gradual development of the theme: a fatal meeting - a relationship - the culmination of these relationships (“the fatal duel”) - a sad denouement (the death of one of the lovers). The poem is written in iambic tetrameter with pyrrhic and clauses. The poet uses various means of artistic expression - metaphor, anaphora, a number of homogeneous terms, lexical repetition (in the first stanza). The second stanza contains metaphor, inversion and a number of homogeneous terms:

And the more tender one of them is in the unequal struggle of two hearts,

The more inevitable and more certain,

Loving, suffering, sadly melting,

It will finally wear out...

At the phonetic level we find alliteration (“In the unequal struggle of two hearts”) and assonance (“The union of the soul with the dear soul”).

Thus, in this work the poet expressed his views on love, fate, and human life in general. The “Denisevsky cycle” had a great influence on the development of all Russian poetry.

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“Predestination” Fyodor Tyutchev

Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their connection, combination,
And their fatal merger.
And... the fatal duel...

And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...

Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “Predestination”

Fyodor Tyutchev was married twice, and both of his marriages turned out to be very successful both from a financial point of view and in terms of mutual affection. However, having lived in a happy marriage with his second wife Ernestina for more than 10 years, the poet unexpectedly becomes interested in the young student of the Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens, Elena Denisyeva, whom many bibliographers call Tyutchev’s last love. This extramarital affair, which brought both lovers not only many exciting moments, but also public condemnation, lasted almost 15 years. In fact, the poet lived for two families, since Elena Denisyeva gave him three children, the existence of which his legal wife was well aware of.

Endowed with natural beauty and a sharp mind, from the first meeting Elena Denisyeva made such an indelible impression on Tyutchev that, anticipating the beginning of a whirlwind romance, in 1850 he dedicated the poem “Predestination” to her, in which he actually predicted how his relationship with this woman would develop. . Love in the poet’s concept is “the union of the soul with the soul of one’s own.” However, this is not only peace and harmony, but also a “fatal duel”, which is inevitable when it comes to feelings. Someone in such a union is always the leader, and someone submits, otherwise the relationship is not destined to be long and happy.

In this novel, oddly enough, the leader was Elena Denisyeva, who was the first to take a step towards her chosen one, and then insisted that Tyutchev not dissolve his marriage, which could hinder his successful career as a diplomat. It was this woman, possessing amazing self-control and willpower, who for the sake of her lover abandoned her own family, inheritance and status in society, preferring a life of reclusion to family happiness. However, “in the unequal struggle of two hearts,” the poet also saw the other side, devoid of romance and idealism. This is mental pain, which is an inevitable companion of love, and because of which the heart “will finally wear out.” Tyutchev was convinced that this fate inevitably befalls the one who submits to his chosen one in a love union. But the poet was mistaken, since it was not so much he who had to suffer from a vicious relationship, but Elena Deniseva, whose name turned out to be tarnished for life. She did not give her lover reasons for jealousy and did not demand anything in return. But, having become the mistress of a married man, she doomed herself to loneliness, which Tyutchev could not come to terms with.

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was a famous Russian poet, publicist, diplomat, and also a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The great author was born on the territory of the Oryol province in a village with the inconspicuous name of Ovstug. Fyodor's family belonged to an ancient noble family and was respected.

The author received his initial education at home. The lessons were taught by a well-known poet and translator at that time, whose name was Raich Semyon Egorovich. It was he who instilled in Fyodor a love for literature, languages, and the art of Ancient Rome. It should be noted that by the age of 14, Tyutchev could translate works written by Horace without much difficulty. The author's first published work dates back to the 19th year of the 19th century. It was a free translation.

At the age of 14, Fyodor Tyutchev entered the Faculty of Literature at Moscow University. First of all, he is a volunteer student, and then he becomes a real student.

Graduating from university turned out to be brilliant. In the 21st year, Fedor left the walls of the educational institution and went to work at the State Collegium for Foreign Affairs. His uncle helped him in this. One year later, Tyutchev goes abroad as a representative of the diplomatic mission - to Bavaria, Munich. In Germany, he meets many cultural figures and is interested in philosophical trends.

In his early youth, Tyutchev was not distinguished by his extensive publications. The author's poems appeared very rarely and did not make an impression on the critics of the time. The situation changed greatly in 1936. It was at this time that a notebook with Tyutchev’s notes fell into the hands of A.S. Pushkin. Alexander Sergeevich really liked the poems, and he decided to publish them in his Sovremennik magazine.

Fyodor Tyutchev spent more than 22 years abroad. It was here that he met his first love, Eleanor Peterson, to whom he dedicated a huge number of works. A little later, the author develops a relationship with Ernestina, because of whom Tyutchev had to leave Germany.

The author wandered without work until Nicholas the First noticed him. He appreciated the contribution made by Tyutchev to the history of the formation of Russia and decided to return him to his position, offering him a job in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This period is not marked by a large number of poems.

Features of creativity F.I. Tyutcheva

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is an exquisite Russian poet who created many works. Some researchers claim that there were more than 400 of them. All creativity can be easily divided into several stages. The first stage is considered early and relates to various philosophical judgments, but the second relates to the poet’s feelings, as well as personal experiences.

The second half of the nineteenth century is distinguished by a special love theme. The author's life was filled with love, like many cultural figures of that time. Fyodor Tyutchev had countless hobbies, which is why his work contains so many poems of love and intimate content. However, we should not forget that Tyutchev was a versatile poet; he was touched upon by various topics: philosophy, nature, love for the Motherland.

A diplomat and poet, Fyodor Ivanovich was a very loving person. He was married twice and had numerous relationships. Elena Denisyeva, whom he met in adulthood, held a special place in his heart. She was the niece of an inspector stationed at the Smolny Institute. It was in this institution that the poet’s daughters were raised.

Elena was only 24 years old. She was very charming, and from the very first minutes of meeting her, she fell in love with Tyutchev’s personality and his special creativity. The author of exquisite works responded to Denisova with reciprocity and very passionate affection, which lasted until Elena’s death.

It should be noted that high society in St. Petersburg did not approve of the relationship between Elena and Fedor. A huge scandal arose. And although the couple had three children during their relationship, this union was never accepted by the public. Strong condemnation fell on Denisova’s shoulders; even her own father disowned her. Almost every person pointed out that Elena’s children were born illegally. The best establishments closed their doors to the girl.

Despite the fact that Fyodor Ivanovich began an affair with Elena Denisova, he continued to maintain relations with his legal family. He called his children and wife his earthly continuation.

Elena was constantly in a state of ambiguity, this led to nervousness and an emotional state. Constant irritability led to the girl developing consumption, which led to death in 64.

After Elena’s death, their two children, a son and a daughter, also passed away. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was very shocked by such events and for a long time he considered himself to be the culprit in what happened. It was precisely these feelings, overflowing with meaning and bitterness, that were reflected in the author’s works. A little later, these works were assigned to a specific cycle, which is still known today and is of interest to readers from all over the world.

The most striking works that touch on the author’s life situation are poems entitled “Preference”, “I knew with my eyes...”, “On the eve of the anniversary...” and many others. All these poems are very dramatic and resemble a confession in their writing style. They are enhanced by the form of writing - in the form of dialogue, when a certain lyrically hero asks for forgiveness from a girl who is not nearby at the time of the statement.

Analysis of the work “Predestination”

The poem, created by Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, reveals the essence of love as qualitatively as possible. The author does not paint illusions, and honestly states that no matter how close people are in spiritual qualities, their union can be fatal. The poet emphasizes the word “fatal” twice, as if adding tragedy to the relationship to which fate itself led him.

Those feelings of happiness that love should give, combined with suffering, torment, and remorse, seem inevitable. A confused and vicious relationship with a loved one, a tarnished reputation, complete rejection and rejection - this is the price to pay for feelings that should ideally make the world a cleaner and kinder place.

The lines repeat epithets from time to time, revealing the main idea of ​​the work, that love is the highest highest feeling that a person can have. And the price for this feeling can be exorbitant.

Features of the work “Predestination”

The author notes that each person is destined to endure torment and all kinds of suffering that come from love. A person must come to terms with such obvious things. Love is a duel in which there will definitely be a losing side. Fedor notes that the one who loves the most, whose heart simply languishes from high sensations, always loses.

The lyrical hero of the work “Preference” suffers no less than the losing side. This suffering is based on the fact that what happened earlier cannot be returned and nothing can be changed. It is precisely this understanding that is indicated by the many ellipses present in the lines. It is they who convey the special emotion present in the lyrical hero. The lines constantly maintain tension, but there is also a kind of reticence.

The lyrical hero understands perfectly well that during the relationship he caused a lot of pain to his beloved, but it is too late, it is impossible to change the situation. The fight, which is organized with higher powers, is destined by fate, and the results do not depend on the person. The poet notes that the wounds inflicted will never heal, but will constantly bleed and remind of themselves.

The poem "Preference" is written using iambic tetrameter, which was very common in the second half of the nineteenth century. This form allows you to convey feelings to the reader in a very bravura and especially life-affirming way. That is why the author uses clauses and Pyrrhichian clauses in the lines, which can slightly reduce the cheerfulness in the lines and evoke in the reader a feeling associated with the duel between human personality and fate.