3. Constitutional and legal foundations of the public service

4. Federal legislation on public service issues

5. Legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on issues of state civil service

6. Legislation on municipal service issues

Federal Law “On Municipal Service of the Russian Federation”

Laws and regulatory legal acts of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation on certain issues of municipal service

7. Principles of state and municipal service

End of table. 3.2

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 3. State and municipal service positions

1. The concept of public office

2. Federal government positions. Government positions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Municipal elected positions

3. Civil service positions

Classification of state civil service positions

Compositions of military personnel and military ranks

Approximate correspondence of positions and ranks in the Russian army

4. Municipal service positions

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 4. Legal status of civil and municipal employees1

1. Public-service legal relationship

2. A set of fundamental rights of civil and municipal employees

3. Basic responsibilities of civil and municipal employees

4. Requirements for official conduct

5. Restrictions on civil and municipal service

6. Prohibitions on civil and municipal service

7. Guarantees for civil and municipal employees

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 5. Passage of civil and municipal service

1. The essence of civil and municipal service

2. Job regulations

3. Admission to civil and municipal service

4. Competition as a way to fill civil and municipal service positions

Participates

5. Personnel reserve in the civil service

6. Qualifying exam

7. Certification of civil and municipal employees

8. Rotation of civil servants

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 6. Management of state and municipal services

1. Objectives of civil service management

2. Federal bodies for public service issues, their powers

3. Bodies for public service issues of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

7.4. Municipal service management

5. Personnel work in the state and municipal service

6. Preparation for state and municipal service

7. Additional professional education of civil and municipal employees

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 7. Ensuring discipline and combating corruption in the civil and municipal service

8.1. General provisions on the responsibility of civil and municipal employees

2. Disciplinary liability of civil and municipal employees

3. Disciplinary corruption liability of civil and municipal employees

4. Administrative responsibility of civil and municipal employees

5. Criminal liability of civil and municipal employees

6. Problems of combating corruption in state and municipal services

Dynamics of the Trasparency International corruption perception index for Russia1

7. Incentives in state and municipal service

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 8. Service contract. Conditions of civil and municipal service

1. The concept of a service contract and its contents

2. Service disputes

3. Service time and rest time in civil and municipal service

4. Organization of remuneration in civil and municipal service

Established federal regional coefficients for constituent entities of the Russian Federation converging into the Siberian Federal District

5. Medical and social assistance to civil and municipal employees

6. Pension provision for civil and municipal employees

7. State protection of civil and municipal employees

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Topic 9. Prospects for the development and reform of state and municipal services

1. Federal programs for reform and development of the civil service

Target indicators and indicators of the federal program “Reform and development of the civil service system of the Russian Federation (2009–2013)”

2. Development of the state civil service and municipal service in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

Duration of the programs for the development of the state civil service of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included in the Siberian Federal District

Control questions

Bibliography Basic literature

additional literature

Conclusion

Appendices Appendix 1 Laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on state civil service

Appendix 2 Laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on municipal service

Appendix 3 Number, staffing of positions and average monthly wages of federal civil servants by branches of government (end of March 2015)1

Appendix 4 Number and staffing of positions of state civil servants at the regional level and municipal employees (end of March 2015) 1

Appendix 5 Correlation between class ranks and diplomatic ranks assigned in the federal public civil service

End adj. 5

Appendix 6 List of diseases that prevent entry into the state civil service of the Russian Federation and municipal service or its completion1

End adj. 6

Appendix 7 List of diseases that prevent work in the mission of the Russian Federation1

Appendix 8 Average monthly accrued wages of civil servants at the regional level and municipal employees in executive bodies (end of March 2015) (Extracts)

End adj. 8

Appendix 9 Approximate structure of job regulations

I. General provisions

II. Job Description

III. Decision making and organization of official interactions

IV. Qualification requirements

V. Indicators of efficiency and effectiveness of activities

Appendix 10 Notification of the employer's representative about the facts of contact in order to induce a state civil servant to commit corruption offenses

Maxim Yurievich Zenkov State and municipal service

630102, Novosibirsk, st. Nizhegorodskaya, 6.

Compositions of military personnel and military ranks

Compositions of military personnel	Military ranks
	military	ship
	Marshal of the Russian Federation
Senior officers	Major General, Lieutenant General, Colonel General, Army General	Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral, Fleet Admiral
Senior officers	Major, Lieutenant Colonel, Colonel	Captain 1st, 2nd, 3rd rank
Junior officers	Junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain	Junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, lieutenant commander
Ensigns and midshipmen	Warrant officer, senior warrant officer	Midshipman, senior midshipman
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen	Private, corporal, junior sergeant, sergeant, senior sergeant, sergeant major	Sailor, senior sailor, petty officer 1, 2 articles, chief petty officer, chief ship's petty officer

Deprivation of a military rank is possible only by a court verdict for committing a grave or especially grave crime.

Features of the organization of positions in other types of public service. Positions in internal affairs bodies - positions of employees of internal affairs bodies, which are established by the federal executive body that carries out the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of internal affairs (Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation), its territorial bodies, divisions, organizations and services.

Table 3.3

Approximate correspondence of positions and ranks in the Russian army

	Job title
	All newly drafted into the army, all lower positions (gunner, driver, gun crew number, driver, sapper, reconnaissance officer, radio operator, etc.)
Corporal	There are no full-time corporal positions. The rank is assigned to highly qualified soldiers in lower positions
Junior Sergeant, Sergeant	Squad, tank, gun commander
Staff Sergeant	Deputy Platoon Leader
Sergeant Major	Company Sergeant Major
Warrant officer, senior warrant officer	Material support platoon commander, company sergeant major, warehouse chief, radio station chief and other non-commissioned positions that require high qualifications. Can occupy lower officer positions if there is a shortage of officers
Ensign	Platoon commander.
Lieutenant, senior lieutenant	Platoon commander, deputy company commander
	Company commander, training platoon commander
	Deputy battalion commander. Training company commander
Lieutenant colonel	Battalion commander, deputy regiment commander
Colonel	Regiment commander, deputy brigade commander, brigade commander, deputy division commander
Major General	Division commander, deputy corps commander
Lieutenant General	Corps commander, deputy army commander
Colonel General	Army Commander, Deputy District (Front) Commander
Army General	District (front) commander, Deputy Minister of Defense, Minister of Defense, Chief of the General Staff, other senior positions
Marshal of the Russian Federation	Honorary title awarded for special merits

The list of standard positions in internal affairs bodies and the special ranks corresponding to them must be approved by decree of the President of the Russian Federation. At the time of writing this course of lectures, it is not available.

Qualification requirements for positions in internal affairs bodies include:

For positions of ordinary personnel and junior commanding officers of secondary (complete) general education;

For positions of middle management - education not lower than secondary professional, corresponding to the field of activity;

For positions of senior and senior management - higher professional education corresponding to the area of ​​activity.

The qualification requirements for positions of middle, senior and senior management, the performance of duties for which involves the investigation or organization of investigations of criminal cases, administrative investigations, consideration of cases of administrative offenses or conducting anti-corruption and legal examinations, includes the presence of a higher professional legal education. In exceptional cases and under the conditions established by the federal executive body in the field of internal affairs, persons with other higher professional education and work experience that allow them to perform official duties may be appointed to these positions.

Qualification requirements for length of service in the internal affairs bodies or length of service (experience) in the specialty, professional knowledge and skills of an employee of the internal affairs bodies necessary to perform official duties are established:

the President of the Russian Federation - in relation to positions of senior management;

The head of the federal executive body in the field of internal affairs - in relation to positions of rank and file, junior, middle and senior command staff.

Requirements for the health status of citizens entering service in internal affairs bodies and employees of internal affairs bodies, depending on the positions and characteristics of service in individual positions, are established by the head of the federal executive body in the field of internal affairs. The procedure for citizens entering service in internal affairs bodies and employees of internal affairs bodies to undergo a military medical examination and the procedure for professional psychological selection for service in internal affairs bodies are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 342-FZ, special ranks of police, internal service and justice have been established for employees of internal affairs bodies (depending on the profile of the activity of the department of the internal affairs body):

The highest commanding personnel are the Russian Federation Police General, Colonel General, Lieutenant General, Major General;

Rank and file - private.

Special police ranks are for life; deprivation of them is possible only in court.

Employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are assigned special ranks of internal service in accordance with the federal law of June 21, 1998 No. 117-FZ “On introducing amendments and additions to the legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the reform of the penal system” 1.

Employees of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation are assigned special ranks of internal service in accordance with Federal Law dated July 25, 2002 No. 116-FZ “On introducing amendments and additions to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the improvement of public administration in the field of fire safety” 1 .

Employees of the federal courier communications bodies are divided into persons in command of the federal courier communications bodies, who are employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, who are members of the federal executive body in the field of internal affairs, seconded to the federal executive body that carries out special functions in the field of ensuring the federal courier communications communications in the Russian Federation (they are awarded special ranks of internal service), federal government civil servants, workers.

A similar situation arises in relation to employees of the Federal Migration Service, who are assigned special ranks of commanding officers of the police or internal service.

Citizens recruited to serve in drug control agencies and employees are assigned special police ranks:

The highest commanding personnel are the Russian Federation Police General, Colonel General, Lieutenant General; Major General;

Senior command staff - colonel, lieutenant colonel, major;

Middle command - captain, senior lieutenant, lieutenant, junior lieutenant;

Junior command staff - senior warrant officer, warrant officer, sergeant major, senior sergeant, sergeant, junior sergeant;

Rank and file - private.

In the system of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation, class ranks of justice are established 1:

Acting State Counselor of Justice;

State Counselor of Justice 1st, 2nd, 3rd class;

Senior Adviser of Justice, Adviser of Justice, Junior Adviser of Justice;

Lawyer 1, 2, 3 classes;

Junior Associate.

Employees of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation (except for military personnel) are awarded special ranks of justice 2:

Higher ranks - General of Justice of the Russian Federation, Colonel General, Lieutenant General, Major General;

Senior – colonel, lieutenant colonel, major;

Junior - captain, senior lieutenant, lieutenant, junior lieutenant.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 114-FZ, citizens accepted into the customs service and employees of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation are assigned special customs service ranks:

The highest command staff is the actual state adviser of the customs service of the Russian Federation, colonel general, lieutenant general, major general;

Senior command staff - colonel, lieutenant colonel, major;

Middle command - captain, senior lieutenant, lieutenant, junior lieutenant;

Junior staff - senior warrant officer, warrant officer.

In accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated February 9, 2010 No. 169 “On the ranks of Cossack societies included in the state register of Cossack societies in the Russian Federation,” the corresponding system of Cossack ranks was established 1:

The highest rank is a Cossack general;

The main ranks are esaul, military foreman, Cossack colonel;

Senior ranks - sub-horunzhiy, cornet, centurion, podesaul;

Junior ranks - junior sergeant, sergeant, senior sergeant;

The lower ranks are Cossack, clerk, junior constable, constable, senior constable.

Thus, in other types of public service, there is an actual definition of positions - mainly by decisions of the heads of the relevant federal executive authorities in which this type of official activity is carried out. There is no single, unified list of positions approved by the President of the Russian Federation. The system of special ranks is characterized by significant diversity. Not all specialized bodies have special titles.

In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, two types of ranks have been established for persons undergoing military service - military and naval. In ancient Rus', the presence of insignia and certain military units formed on a permanent basis was completely excluded. The division of the then still pitiful semblance of a standing army into separate formations took place in accordance with the number of soldiers who were in one or another formation. The principle was as follows: ten warriors - a unit called the “ten”, led by the “ten”. Then everything is in the same spirit.

The history of the emergence of military ranks in Russia

Under Ivan the Terrible, and later under Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, this system underwent some changes: Streltsy hundreds appeared, and military ranks appeared in them. At that time, the hierarchy of ranks was the following list:

• Sagittarius
• foreman
• Pentecostal
• centurion
• head

Of course, between all the above ranks and the ranks that currently exist, the following analogy can be drawn: a foreman is a warrior, in our time performing the duties of a sergeant, or a foreman, a pentecostal is a lieutenant, and a centurion, respectively, is a captain.

After some time, already during the reign of Peter the Great, the hierarchical system of ranks was again transformed to the following:

• soldier
• corporal
• ensign
• lieutenant, called lieutenant
• captain (captain)
• quartermaster
• major
• lieutenant colonel
• Colonel

The year 1654 became outstanding in the history of the formation of military ranks in Russia. It was then that for the first time in the history of Russia the rank of general was awarded. Its first owner was Alexander Ulyanovich Leslie, the leader of the operation to capture and liberate Smolensk.

Categories of military ranks in the Russian Army

One of the largest political events of the 20th century that occurred in Russia, namely the October Revolution of 1917, became the last stage towards the formation of an established system of military ranks, which has not undergone any changes for a whole century.

Military ranks

1. Private. One of the first, considered the lowest military rank of the Russian Armed Forces.
2. Corporal. A rank that is awarded to military personnel who are part of the armed forces of the Russian Federation for any military distinction.

1. Major.
2. Lieutenant colonel.
3. Colonel.

Ship ranks

Ship ranks can simply be listed in order of seniority (lowest to highest) due to their full correspondence with the land equivalent:

1. Sailor, senior sailor.
   
2. Foreman 2 (second) article, foreman 1 (first) article, chief foreman, chief ship's foreman - representatives of a group of military personnel classified as sergeants and foremen.
   
   
   
3. Midshipman, senior midshipman - military personnel of the group of warrant officers and midshipmen.
   
4. Junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant - a group of military personnel representing junior officers.
   
   
   
5. Captain 3 (third) rank, captain 2 (second) rank, captain 1 (first) rank - representatives of senior officers.
   
   
   
6. Rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral, and fleet admiral are representatives of senior officers, respectively.
   
   

As with military ranks, the highest military rank for the navy is Marshal of the Russian Federation.

What is very noteworthy is that naval and military military ranks are also assigned to the following formations: the security forces of the Russian Federation - the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc., as well as water border formations that ensure security near coastal borders.

Colors and types of shoulder straps

Now let's turn to the shoulder straps. With them, unlike ranks, things are somewhat more complicated.

Shoulder straps are usually distinguished according to the following series of criteria:

• the color of the shoulder strap itself (different depending on the military structure);
• the order of arrangement of distinctive signs on shoulder straps (also depending on a particular military structure);
• the color of the decals themselves on the shoulder straps (similar to the points above).

There is another important criterion - the form of clothing. Accordingly, the army does not have the widest selection of clothing, which is allowed according to the regulations. More precisely, there are only three of them: everyday uniform, field uniform and dress uniform.

Shoulder straps of non-officers

Let's start with a description of the everyday uniform and the shoulder straps that come with it:

The everyday uniform of non-officers includes shoulder straps with two narrow stripes along the edges of the longitudinal part. Such shoulder straps can be seen on the shoulders of privates, non-commissioned officers, and warrant officers. All these images are presented above in the sections of military and ship ranks.

Officer's shoulder straps

Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of officers are divided into three more subtypes:

• Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of junior officers: have only one stripe running down the center along the shoulder strap itself.
• Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of senior officers: they have two longitudinal stripes, also located in the center.
• Shoulder straps for the everyday uniform of senior officers: they differ sharply from each of the previous types in that they have a special fabric relief over the entire area of ​​the shoulder strap. The edges are framed by one narrow strip. A distinctive sign is also the stars that follow strictly in one row.
• It is impossible not to include in a separate group the Marshal of the Russian Federation and the type of shoulder straps corresponding to his everyday uniform: they also have a special fabric relief, which was mentioned in the paragraph above, but are fundamentally different in color. If the shoulder straps in each of the previous paragraphs were a rectangle of dark green color, then these same ones are distinguished by their immediately striking golden color, which is quite consistent with the high-profile title of their wearer.

An interesting fact is that on February 22, 2013, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a decree that on the shoulder straps of army generals and admirals of the Russian Navy there will be one star with a diameter of 40 mm instead of 4 stars in one line as before. The corresponding image is presented above.

• Non-officer field uniform: shoulder straps are a regular rectangle, camouflaged as a summer taiga with a transverse (or longitudinal) stripe.
• Field uniform for junior officers: stars of relatively small size serve as a distinctive sign.
• Field uniform of senior officers: major, lieutenant colonel have one and two large stars on their shoulder straps, respectively, colonel - three.
• Field uniform of senior officers: all persons holding ranks in accordance with the previously announced composition have absolutely the same structure (dark green stars, strictly in a row), but shoulder straps different in the number of distinctive insignia. Just like in everyday uniforms, the General of the Army and the Marshal of the Russian Federation are distinguished by large stars

It was not long before military clothing became comfortable and practical. Initially, her beauty was valued more than the qualities mentioned a little earlier. Fortunately, under Alexander III (the third), it was realized that rich uniforms were too expensive. It was then that practicality and convenience began to be considered the primary value.

In certain periods of time, the soldier's uniform resembled ordinary peasant attire. Even in the conditions of the already existing Red Army, little attention was paid to the fact that there was no uniform military uniform. The only distinctive sign of all soldiers was a red bandage on their sleeves and hats.

Even shoulder straps managed to be replaced for some time with ordinary triangles and squares, and only in 1943 were they returned as distinctive signs.

By the way, to this day, military personnel of the Russian Federation wear a uniform that was designed by the well-known fashion designer V. Yudashkin in 2010.

If you have read the entire article and are interested in testing your knowledge, then we suggest taking the test -

V. The procedure for assigning military ranks
and restoration to military rank

Article 20. Military ranks

1. Article 46 of the Federal Law establishes the following composition of military personnel and military ranks:

Compositions of military personnel	Military ranks
	military	ship
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen	corporal Lance Sergeant staff Sergeant foreman	senior sailor foreman 2 articles petty officer 1st article chief petty officer chief petty officer
Ensigns and midshipmen	ensign Senior Warrant Officer	senior midshipman
junior officers	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant captain-lieutenant
senior officers	lieutenant colonel Colonel	captain 3rd rank captain 2nd rank captain 1st rank
senior officers	major general lieutenant general Colonel General army General	rear admiral vice admiral fleet admiral
	Marshal of the Russian Federation

2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.

The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.

To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.

3. The seniority of military ranks and composition of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Article 46 of the Federal Law: from the military rank of “private” (“sailor”) to a higher one and from the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” to a higher one.

Military and naval military ranks corresponding to each other are considered equal.

4. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel personally.

Military rank can be first or second.

5. The form and content of submissions, forms of other documents and orders for the assignment of military ranks, as well as the procedure for their execution and submission (with the exception of senior officers) are established by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.

Article 21. Procedure for assigning the first military rank

1. The first military ranks are considered:

a) for “officers” - junior lieutenant, lieutenant;

b) for the composition “ensigns and midshipmen” - warrant officer, midshipman;

c) for the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” - private, sailor, sergeant, foreman 1st article.

2. The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;

(clause “a” as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)

a.1) to a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational organization - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational organization;

(clause “a.1” as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

b) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve officers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve;

(paragraph "b" as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

c) a citizen (soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position ;

d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, who is undergoing military service under a contract, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

e) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

f) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

(clause “e” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)

3. The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

b) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;

c) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

e) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

(paragraph “d” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)

4. The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:

a) a serviceman who has graduated from a military educational institution that trains military personnel in the military specialties of warrant officers (midshipmen) and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the said educational institution;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

b) a citizen (military officer) who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) ), - upon appointment to the appropriate military position;

c) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is serving under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

(clause “d” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)

4.1. The military rank of sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) is assigned to a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for sergeants, reserve foremen at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and who has graduated from the specified educational organization - upon enlistment in the reserve.

(clause 4.1 introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

5. The military rank of private is assigned to:

a) a citizen who does not have a military rank, called up for military service - upon departure from the military commissariat to the place of military service;

b) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enlisted in the reserve - upon enlistment in the reserve;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank and entered military service under a contract - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit;

d) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution;

e) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve soldiers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve.

(paragraph “d” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

6. The military rank of a sailor is assigned to:

a) a serviceman called up for military service - when enlisted in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

b) a citizen who entered military service under a contract and does not have a military rank - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution, where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

d) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve sailors at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve.

(paragraph "d" was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

7. When a citizen who is serving or has served in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, other law enforcement agencies or in the federal fire service and has a special rank enters military service, he may be assigned a military rank equal to his special rank in the recertification procedure determined the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service.

(as amended by Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 17, 2003 N 444, dated January 2, 2015 N 3)

Article 22. Procedure for assigning the next military rank

1. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.

2. Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:

private, sailor - five months;

junior sergeant, sergeant major 2 articles - one year;

sergeant, foreman 1st article - two years;

senior sergeant, chief petty officer - three years;

ensign, midshipman - three years;

junior lieutenant - two years;

lieutenant - three years;

senior lieutenant - three years;

captain, captain-lieutenant - four years;

major, captain 3rd rank - four years;

lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years.

(clause 2 as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)

3. The military rank of a senior officer may be assigned to a military serviceman after at least two years of his military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position (position) to be filled by senior officers.

The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.

4. The term of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)

5. The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank.

6. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.

The following is counted within the specified period:

a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;

b) the time of suspension of military service;

c) time spent in reserve.

7. When a serviceman is appointed to the highest military position (position), at the same time, and if simultaneous registration is not possible, from the date of appointment to the highest military position (position), he is assigned the next military rank if his term of service in the previous military rank has expired, provided that that for this military position (position) the state provides a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the military member.

In this case, the military rank of a senior officer is assigned taking into account the requirements of paragraph 3 of this article.

8. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, the next military rank up to lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank inclusive, is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the assigned military rank, regardless of military position (position) that he held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies.

9. A serviceman who has the military rank of officer, who, before entering a military educational institution, postgraduate course, or military doctoral program, held a military position (position) for which the state provides for the military rank of colonel, captain 1st rank or senior officer, the next military rank up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive is assigned in accordance with the military position (position) held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program after the expiration of the length of service in the assigned military rank.

10. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.

11. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position he occupies, but not higher than the military rank of major or captain of the 3rd rank, and a military personnel with an academic degree and (or) academic rank, holding a military position as a teacher in a military professional educational organization or a military educational organization of higher education or a researcher in a military professional educational organization, a military educational organization of higher education or a scientific organization - not higher than military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.

(clause 11 as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 30, 2015 N 218)

12. The military rank of corporal (senior sailor) may be awarded as an incentive for special personal merit to a military personnel holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of private (sailor).

13. The military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) is assigned to a private (sailor) holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) and above, upon expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, as well as a serviceman who has successfully completed training in a military training unit under the sergeant (sergeant major) training program.

14. While serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest, as well as before the end of the probationary period (when entering military service under a contract), a serviceman cannot be awarded another military rank.

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 2, 2015 N 3)

15. The time spent serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest is not counted towards the period of military service in the assigned military rank.

Article 23. Rights of officials in conferring military ranks

1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:

a) senior officers - by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;

b) colonel, captain 1st rank - the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;

c) other military ranks - by officials determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.

The military commissar assigns to citizens called up for military service the military rank of private, and to citizens in the reserve - from private (sailor) to senior warrant officer (senior midshipman), inclusive.

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

The powers of officials of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation to confer military ranks, with the exception of military ranks of senior officers, are established by the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

2. Officials have the right to assign military ranks to military personnel under their direct subordination.

A superior official enjoys all the rights to assign military ranks granted to subordinate commanders (chiefs).

3. Assignment of the first military rank of officer, military rank of officer ahead of schedule, one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position held, as well as military rank to military personnel successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate study, military doctoral studies, up to and including colonel (captain 1st rank) is carried out by the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service.

The assignment of the first military rank of private (sailor) or sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) to citizens who have successfully completed training at military departments at federal state educational organizations of higher education in the relevant military training programs and who have graduated from the specified educational organizations is carried out by the military commissar upon enrollment in the reserve.

(paragraph introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 16, 2015 N 306)

4. Assignment of military ranks to warrant officers (midshipmen), sergeants (foreign officers) ahead of schedule, as well as assignment of regular military ranks one step higher than the military rank provided for the occupied full-time military position: warrant officers (midshipmen) - not higher than the military rank of senior warrant officer (senior warrant officer) ), sergeants (foremen) - not higher than the military rank of sergeant major (chief ship sergeant major), - is carried out by officials who have the right to assign these military ranks.

Article 24. Duration of tenure in military ranks, the rights of officials to assign military ranks and the procedure for assigning military ranks to citizens in reserve

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 10, 2009 N 30)

1. Citizens in the reserves may be awarded the first and subsequent military ranks, but not higher than the military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.

2. A citizen who is in the reserve may be assigned a military rank if the specified citizen is assigned or may be assigned to a military unit (intended or may be assigned to a special formation) for conscription for military service upon mobilization to a position for which the wartime staff a military rank is provided that is equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a citizen who is in the reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, after the expiration of the established period of stay in the previous military rank. In this case, a citizen who is in the reserve can be assigned a military rank after he has completed military training and passed the relevant tests or in the certification procedure.

3. Time limits are established for being in the reserve in the following military ranks:

a) private or sailor - five months;

b) junior sergeant or sergeant major 2 articles - one year;

c) sergeant or sergeant major 1st article - two years;

d) senior sergeant or chief sergeant - three years;

e) warrant officer or midshipman - three years;

f) junior lieutenant - two years;

g) lieutenant - three years;

h) senior lieutenant - three years;

i) captain or captain-lieutenant - four years;

j) major or captain 3rd rank - five years;

k) lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank - six years.

4. By decision of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, Director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation), a citizen who is in the reserve, with high professional training and extensive experience in a specialty applicable in military service, who has the military rank of officer, the period of stay in a military rank may be shortened.

5. A citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration, the first military rank of an officer may be assigned by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the certification procedure:

a) having a higher education - lieutenant;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 1, 2014 N 483)

b) having secondary vocational education - junior lieutenant.

6. The next military rank of a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation may be assigned to:

a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:

up to and including the chief petty officer or the chief petty officer - a military commissar;

up to senior warrant officer or senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar;

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 2, 2015 N 3)

b) officer:

up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

7. The next military rank can be assigned to a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:

a) up to and including senior lieutenant - with positive certification;

b) from captain or captain-lieutenant to colonel or captain of the 1st rank inclusive - when he undergoes military training in a position corresponding to the next military rank, and passes the corresponding tests or in the certification procedure if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration (military service in the corresponding officer positions).

8. The procedure for conducting certification for assigning military ranks to citizens in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

9. A citizen deprived of a military rank is assigned the military rank of private by the military commissar, simultaneously with registration for military service.

10. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned regular military ranks in the certification procedure, taking into account the possibility of their further use in military positions.

The rights of officials to assign military ranks, the procedure for assigning military ranks and conducting certification of these citizens are determined respectively by the director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

Article 25. Procedure for reinstatement in military rank

1. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank, at the request of the citizen, in the presence of a positive review from the internal affairs body of the Russian Federation and a decision of the commission of the military commissariat.

2. A citizen’s application for reinstatement in military rank is considered by the military commissar no later than one month from the date of its receipt by the military commissariat.

If there are grounds for reinstating a citizen to his previous military rank, the military commissar draws up a proposal to reinstate the citizen to his military rank.

In this case, the restoration of a citizen to a military rank can be carried out by order of an official who has the right to assign this military rank, in relation to the procedure for its assignment.

3. A citizen deprived of his military rank due to an illegal conviction is restored to his previous military rank after the decision on his rehabilitation comes into force from the day of his deprivation of his military rank.

A citizen whose military rank has been restored enjoys the rights and benefits established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in accordance with the restored military rank.

Army ranks and ranks in Russia are divided into two subcategories, namely ranks in the Navy (Navy) and military (VS). These two subcategories can be assigned to military personnel of the Russian naval fleet:

• submarine and surface military forces of the Navy;
• naval units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia;
• Coast Guard Border Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia.

Military ranks are also awarded to other military personnel who serve in the army:

1. In the Russian Armed Forces.
2. In the Federal Security Service.
3. In the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.
4. In the FSB.
5. In the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
6. In the Foreign Intelligence Service.
7. In other troops, military formations and bodies.

Now let's look at the titles and ranks from lowest to highest on the career ladder and divide them into subcategories:

Military rank - Navy rank

• 8th level: private - sailor;
• 7th level: corporal - senior sailor;
• 6th level: junior sergeant - sergeant major of the second class;
• 5th level: sergeant - foreman of the first class;
• 4th level: senior sergeant - chief petty officer;
• 3rd stage: petty officer - chief ship's foreman;
• 2nd level: warrant officer - midshipman;
• 1st level: senior warrant officer - senior midshipman.

• 3rd level: junior officers;
• 2nd level: senior officers;
• 1st level: senior officers.

Junior officers

Military rank - Navy rank

• 4th level: junior lieutenant – junior lieutenant;
• 3rd level: lieutenant - lieutenant;
• 2nd level: senior lieutenant - senior lieutenant;
• 1st stage: captain – captain-lieutenant.

Senior officers

Military rank - Navy rank

• 3rd level: major – captain of the 3rd rank;
• 2nd level: lieutenant colonel - captain of the 2nd rank;
• 1st level: colonel - captain of the 1st rank.

Senior officers:

Military rank - rank in the navy

• 5th level: major general - rear admiral;
• 4th level: lieutenant general - vice admiral;
• 3rd level: Colonel General - Admiral;
• 2nd level: army general - fleet admiral;
• 1st level: Marshal of the Russian Federation - absent.

As can be seen from the above, there are one less level of military ranks in the Navy than military ranks. Therefore, in the Russian Army the highest military rank is called Marshal of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the highest rank in the Navy is fleet admiral.

In addition, the highest rank - Marshal of Russia - was awarded to the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Army General Igor Sergeev. This title was entrusted to him in 1997 by the head of state. However, after the death of Sergeev in 2006, the duties of marshal in the Russian Federation were not granted to anyone.

The post of fleet admiral is the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. As a result, the highest military positions in the Russian Army are two - Marshal of Russia and Admiral of the Fleet, but this does not take into account the position of Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, and this can be considered the highest military position in the world.

In the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the highest position is considered to be a police colonel general. The colonel general's shoulder straps have three large stars, which are placed in a row. An ignorant person is capable of confusing the shoulder straps of a police colonel general with the shoulder straps assigned to the position of police colonel. The police colonel's shoulder straps also have three stars, but their size is smaller and they are placed in the form of a triangle.

In addition, military ranks can be awarded upon completion of service for a certain period of time, as well as for personal merit. So how long does it take to serve in order for a person to be awarded a specific rank? In accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 22 of the “Regulations on the procedure for military service,” specific deadlines are established for military service in military ranks:

• after 5 months of service - private, sailor;
• after 12 months of service - junior sergeant, sergeant major of the 2nd article;
• after 2 years of service - sergeant, sergeant major 1st article;
• after 3 years of service - senior sergeant, chief petty officer;
• after 3 years of service - warrant officer, midshipman;
• after 2 years of service - junior lieutenant;
• after 3 years of service - lieutenant;
• after 3 years of service - senior lieutenant;
• after 4 years of service - captain, captain-lieutenant;
• after 4 years of service - major, captain of the 3rd rank;
• after 5 years of service - lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years, other ranks are awarded after 5 years.

Let's add some facts:

1. Such ranks as foreman and chief petty officer have not existed since 2012, but they are still present in the documents.
2. Each military rank - from private to marshal of the Russian Federation - should be written with a small letter.
3. A major is higher in rank than a lieutenant, but a major general is lower in rank than a lieutenant general.
4. In Russia, the highest rank that can be awarded to a soldier for a year of military service is currently sergeant.

Both on land and on water there are military ranks, some of them are similar, but still there is a difference.

So, on land, military ranks are in the following order:

On the water, that is, in the navy, ranks are structured like this:

Sailor, senior sailor, foreman of the second class, petty officer of the first class, chief ship's officer, midshipman, senior midshipman, junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, lieutenant captain, captain of the third rank, captain of the second rank, captain of the first rank, rear admiral, vice admiral , admiral.

Private, in the navy this rank corresponds to a sailor, then corporal, in the navy - senior sailor; junior sergeant, in the navy, foreman of the second class; sergeant-sergeant major of the first class, senior sergeant-sergeant major; petty officer - chief naval foreman; next come warrant officer, in the navy midshipman, senior warrant officers, senior midshipman. Officers: junior lieutenant - same in the navy; lieutenant - the same in the navy; senior lieutenant - the same in the navy; captain, in the navy - captain lieutenant; then follows the senior officers: major - in the navy, captain of the third rank; lieutenant colonel - in the navy, captain of the second rank; colonel - in the navy, captain of the first rank. Next comes the senior officers: major general - rear admiral in the navy; lieutenant general, vice in the navy - admiral; general - colonel-admiral, and the final rank is army general. There were marshals in the USSR, but now, in my opinion, they have been abolished. Only two people had the highest rank of generallisimo: Suvorov and Stalin.

To begin with, I will say that in different countries there are very different ranks, it is also worth noting that the Navy and conventional ground forces also have different ranks, for example the Navy:

And now a few countries to compare ranks. The first will be military ranks of Russia



Military ranks of France



Military ranks of China



Military ranks of Germany



Military ranks of Turkey



The Army and Navy each have their own military ranks. Of course, they have a number of similarities, but they differ both in name and in the number of stars and stripes. One more difference that should be added is the guards regiments.





Private, corporal, junior sergeant, sergeant, senior sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer, senior warrant officer, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, major general, lieutenant general, colonel general, army general.

Military ranks should be separated for navy and land.

So, as for the ground forces, military ranks are arranged in exactly this order:

As for the distribution of ranks in order in the navy, it looks like this, from lowest to lowest:

As for the Russian Federation. Ranks are military and naval.

Warrant officers and midshipmen:

Junior officers:

Senior officers;

Marshal of the Russian Federation is the highest military rank.

A specialty is added to military ranks, if available;

Who is studying at a military institution:

In the Russian Armed Forces, military ranks are divided into military and naval. For military personnel of guards units, the prefix “guard” is added to the military rank...

Soldiers and sailors, sergeants and foremen, warrant officers and midshipmen...

http://cdn01.ru/files/users/images/a3/f2/a3f267568b55247d6afd4c69547a1792.jpg

Junior, middle, senior officers. Marshal of the Russian Federation...



In the Navy, in addition to naval military ranks, there may also be military military ranks, for example, in the Marine Corps, Naval Aviation, and Coastal Fleet Forces. Ship military ranks are expressed by a white or yellow stripe on a black shoulder strap (clearance) or black gaps on a white shoulder strap, on shoulder straps with military military ranks - the gaps will be red and blue. By the way, in the Marine Corps the ship ranks are sailor and senior sailor, then military...

There are military ranks and ranks for those who serve in the navy, the ranks in order in the Russian army are as follows:

Rank and file:

Military ranks: private, corporal, junior sergeant, sergeant, senior sergeant, sergeant major.

Ship ranks: sailor, senior sailor, 2nd class petty officer, 1st class petty officer, chief petty officer, chief ship sergeant major.

Warrant officers and midshipmen:

Military ranks: warrant officer, senior warrant officer

Ship ranks: midshipman, senior midshipman

Officers:

Junior officers:

Military ranks: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain;

Ship ranks: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, lieutenant captain.

Senior officers:

Military ranks: major, lieutenant colonel, colonel;

Ship ranks: captain 3rd rank, captain 2nd rank, captain 1st rank.

Senior officers:

Military ranks: major general, lieutenant general, colonel general, army general; Ship ranks: rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral, fleet admiral.

And of course, Marshal of the Russian Federation.

In the Army and Navy there are military ranks that are similar, but it seems to me that the ranks in the Navy are still more difficult to remember and pronounce. Military ranks on land.



Military ranks in the navy.



It should be noted that in addition to rank in the Army and Navy, position plays a big role. It happens that an officer with a higher rank is subordinate to an officer with a lower rank.

Military ranks are as follows, starting from small:

On land: private, corporal, junior sergeant, senior sergeant, warrant officer, senior warrant officer, junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, major general, lieutenant general, colonel general, army general.

In the navy: sailor, senior sailor, foreman of the second class, foreman of the first class, chief ship's officer, midshipman, senior midshipman, junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, lieutenant captain, captain of the third rank, captain of the second rank, captain of the first rank, rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral.

In the old days there was also the title of Marshal, but it was abolished.