Types of iron ores - the overall characteristic of Zheleznyakov. Ore metals ore chemical

ORE,natural mineral formation containing metals in such compounds and concentrations, with their prom. The use is technically possible and economically appropriate. Sometimes R. Naz. Also, some kind of nonmetalich. Mineral raw materials (eg, sulfur, barite, graphite, asbestos, agronomical R.).

It is distinguished by Mineral R., consisting of one ore mineral, and polymineral containing several. valuable and accompanying them other minerals that do not have prom. values. As a rule, ore minerals lie together with their accompanying housing minerals. The ratio between ore and housing minerals fluctuates for R. of different metals and deposits in wide limits, for example, in gold-bearing quartz veins, the amount of gold in relation to the mass of quartz is thousands of percentages (see Gold Ore).On the contrary, some types of iron R. are fully consisting of ore minerals (magnetite, hematite).The content of metals in various ore minerals, in turn, depends on their chemical. composition and varies widely (eg, in pyroluscontain 63.2% MP, and in rodonit 32-41.9% MP).

By chemical The composition of predominant minerals is distinguished by R. silicate, silicon, oxide, sulphide, carbonate and mixed. According to the texture of R., which is determined by the spatial arrangement of its mineral aggregates, is isolated by R. massive, stripped, spotted, vein, enhanced, cellular, spheroidal, honesty, loose, etc.; According to the structure (form, size, the method of combining minerals or their fragments in spatially-separated mineral aggregates) R. is divided into uniform-co-engineered, uneven concentrate, oolithic (with concentrically rounded accumulations of minerals), porphyry (with separate large grains of minerals among uniform mass), radially -the and others; According to the nature of the distribution of ore minerals, they are distinguished with a uniform, uneven and extremely uneven structure. R., mined from departments concluded in indigenous rocks, called. indigenous; accumulated at the crawling in loose river, lake, mor. sediments-r o s s s p n s m and or axes.

For the development and processing of R. beings, the value of their FNZs. Properties: hardness, strength, fracture, porosity, volume weight, melting tempo, magnetic, electromagnetic, electrically conductive, radioactive, sorption properties and solubility. Quality R., which is recycling, is determined by the content of valuable and harmful components in it. According to the content of valuable components, R. rich and miserable, poor are distinguished. Minimum reserves and content of valuable components, as well as permissible max, the content of harmful impurities in R. Naz. Prom. Conditions, K-ryy vary depending on different conditions of finding R., as well as from the production and processing technique. Depending on the mineral composition, textures, structures R. and used for their processing of equipment R. shared on dep. Technology. varieties. See also Art. Minerals.

LIT:Magakyan I. G., ore deposits, 2 ed., EP., 1961; Smirnov V.I., Geology of minerals, 2 ed., M. 1969. V. I. Smirnov,

Rudabana

(Rudabanya), the village at S. Hungary, in Congore Borsod-Abau-Zemmoplen. Center for mining ore; Ru-doubtitis. Enterprise (approx. 0.5 million hectares of concentrate per year).

Abu Abdallah (Dr. Data, Abul Hassan) Jafar (approx. 860, villages. Panjrudak, now Taj. SSR, -941, ibid), Tajik and Persian poet. It is considered a pillar of poetry on Farsi. Early glorified as a singer and a musician-rhapsode, and also probably as the author, being, by legend, blind from birth, he nevertheless received good scholastic. Education, knew Arab, Yaz. St. 40 years old headed the Phada Pleiad at the courtyard of the Samanid rulers Bukhara, reaching great fame and wealth. Shortly before the death was exposed to expulsion and died in poverty. From lit. Heritage of R. (according to legend - more than 130 thousand two-way; another version - 1300 thousand - insensitive) reached us almost a thousand two-weeks. Fully preserved casida"Mother of wine" (933) and autobiographical "Ode on old age", as well as ok. 40 Quarters (Rubai).The rest is fragments of the contract. panegirich., Lyrich. And didactic. content, including from the poem "Kalila and Dimna" (translation from the Arab., 932) and five others. poems. Along with laudatory and anaconthich. Themes in verses R. sounds belief due to the human mind, calling for knowledge, virtue, active influence on life. Laconism, simplicity of poetic. Funds, accessibility of the image in Poetry R. and its contemporaries characterize the "classic" created by them (otherwise Chorace, or Turkestan) style of perrsionally lit-ry, which remained to the con. 11 V. On the alleged grave R. in his native settlement was built by Mausoleum.

With about h. In Russian Per.: Poems, M., 1964; Lyrics, M., 1969,

LIT:Berterty E. E., History of Persian-Tajik Literature, M., 1960; M and Rz about E in A. M., Rudaki. Life and creativity, per. with the taj., M., 1968; Tagyirdzhanov A. T., Rudaki. Life and art. Study History, L., 1968; N and F and C and S., Aubal Va Ash'aare Abu Abdallah-Jafar ... Rudaki, t. 1 - 3, Tehran, 1310 - 19 s. G. X. (1931 - 40); T A l M and R. O. and Yunusova A., Rudaki. Index of literature, Dushanbe, 1965. A. N. Boldyrev.

ORE

ruda F Erz N 1A Erzgewinnung F mining Rudgery Erzvorkommen N 1DSinonyms: Agloruda, Azuris, Alquifuks, Anataz, Argentitis, Brattrid, Bauxite, ...

Ore value

Modern dictionary ed. "Great Soviet Encyclopedia"

ORE

Value:

natural mineral formation, containing any metal or several metals in concentrations, in which their extraction is economically appropriate. The term "ore" sometimes applies to a number of non-metallic minerals. Depending on the mineral composition, as well as the relative content of valuable components, textures, structures, etc. ore is divided into separate technological varieties.

Small Academic Dictionary of the Russian Language

ore

Value:

S, mN. ores g.

Natural mineral raw materials containing metals or their connections.

Iron ore. Copper ore.

S, g. Study. Blood.

- Me too, sequels, your troop. Gave me fifty blows. The year is riff, all the nutrole ore was baked. Powesty, the fate of Charles Lonseville.

Foreign Dictionary of Foreign Words of the Russian Language

ore

Value:

1) fossil, from which metal or other substance is mined or otherwise produced; Natural chemical compound of metal with something else: eg Stony or interconnecting parts. 2) Blood.

(Source: "A dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language." Chudinov A.N., 1910)

Ore synonyms

Dictionary of Russian Synonyms 4

ore

Synonyms:

agliruda, Azuris, Argentitis, Britranit, Boxit, Bornet, Galenit, Galme, Hematite, Gheetite, Datalt, Zheleznyak, Ilmenite, Calamine, Carrotite, Keraricitis, Kizaryit, Cynota, Kovellin, Columbit, Coccock, Cocking, Limonite, Magnetite, Microloline, Mi-Town, Monocyte, Netural, Nethelin, Lenoch, Pyrosite, Polychrom, Pollocyte, Proustit, Ppiilylane, Syderit, Silvanit, Silvin, Smits, Speedum, Stannin, Speakerite, Raw Materials, Torith, Torit, Uranier, Falc, Fenakit, Fluoritis, Halcozin, Chrome, Celebration, Cerusite, Zincite, Sheelit, Sklich

Ore emphasis, shape words

Ore origin, etymology

Etymological dictionary of the Russian language. Fasmer Max

ore

Origin, etymology:

dial. Also in meaning. "Blood", Arkhang. (Pitch.), Ukr. ore "ore; blood", BLR. ore "dirt, blood", st.-glory. Round έέταλλον (sup.), Bulg. ore "ore", serboorv. Ore - the same as described. Rúd is the same, Cesh., Fitttle, Polish. Ruda "Ruda", V.-Luzh., N.-Luzh. Rud "Zheleznyak, Red Earth."

Praslav. * Rud is a soda lith. Raũdas "Bulan", Raudà "roach", RùDAS "brown", LTSH. Raũds "Red, reddish, brown", Rauda "roach, wild duck", DR.-ind. Rṓhitas, g. Rṓhinī "Red, reddish", Avest. RaoiΔita- "reddish", lat. Rūfus "Red", Ruber - the same, Greek. ἐρεύθω "red", ἐρυθρός "red", goth. Rauþs - the same, Irl. Rúad is the same. For details, see to reveal, rust, ride, blond; See Ulyndebeck, Aind. WB. 256, 266; Trutman, ASW 238 and Sl.; M.-E. 3, 481, 483; Bug, RFV 75, 141; Torp 351. Talk to borrowing from GERM. (MICKOL, RES 1, 102) No foundation; See Brokener, AFSLPH 42, 138. Sign. "Blood" is explained as a means of tabulating the word blood; See Haverrs 154; Keller, Streitberg-Festgabe 188. From ore also produced to "wrap up", Arkhang. (Pitch), as well as other Russians. Rudithi "violate the contract", in fact, "MARITE, SHAY" (often in Shahmatov, Dvinsk. Gram. and slice.).

In addition to well-known oil and gas, there are other equally important minerals. These include ores that are mined to obtain black and by processing. The presence of ore deposits is the wealth of any country.

What is ore?

Each of the natural sciences in its own way is responsible for this question. Mineralogy determines the ore as a set of minerals, the study of which is necessary to improve the processes of extracting the most valuable of them, and chemistry studies the elemental composition of ore to identify the qualitative and quantitative content of valuable metals in it.

Geology considers the question: "What is ore?" From the point of view of the feasibility of their industrial use, since this science is studying the structure and processes occurring in the depths of the planet, the conditions for the formation of rocks and minerals, exploration of new mineral deposits. They represent areas on the surface of the Earth, on which due to geological processes A total of mineral formations have accumulated for industrial use.

Education ore

Thus, on the question: "What is ore?" Most fully can be answered. Ruda is a rock area with industrial maintenance in it. Only in this case it is value. Metal ores are formed when the magma is cooled, which contains their connections. At the same time, they crystallize, distributed in the magnitude of their atomic weight. The most severe is settled on the bottom of the magma and stand out in a separate layer. Other minerals form rock rocks, and the hydrothermal fluid remaining from magma spreads through voids. The elements contained in it, frozen, form veins. Mountain breeds, destroying under the influence of natural forces, are deposited at the bottom of the reservoirs, forming sedimental deposits. Depending on the composition of rocks, various ores of metals are formed.

Iron Ore

The types of these minerals differ significantly. What is ore, in particular, iron? If the ore contains the amount of metal sufficient for industrial processing, it is called iron. They differ in origin, chemical composition, as well as the content of metals and impurities that can be useful. As a rule, these are accompanying non-ferrous metals, such as chrome or nickel, but are also harmful sulfur or phosphorus.

The chemical composition is represented by various oxides, hydroxides or carbonic salts of iron oxide. The developable ores include red, brown and magnetic iron, as well as iron brilliance - they are considered the most rich and contain metal more than 50%. Poor belongs to those in which the useful composition is less than - 25%.

Composition of iron ore

Magnetic Zheleznyak is an iron oxide. It contains more than 70% of pure metal, but in departures it is found along with and sometimes with zinc decking and other formations. It is considered the best of the ores used. Iron brilliance also contains up to 70% iron. Red Zheleznyak - iron oxide - one of the sources of production of pure metal. And the brown analogues have up to 60% of the metal content and are encountered with impurities, sometimes harmful. They are aqueous iron oxide and accompany almost all iron ores. They are also convenient ease of mining, processing, but the metal obtained from this type of ore, low quality.

By the origin of the field iron Rud. They are divided into three large groups.

1. Endogenous, or magmatogenic. Their formation is due to geochemical processes occurring in the depths of the earth's crust, magmatic phenomena.
2. Exogenous, or superficial, deposits were created due to the processes occurring in the near-surface zone of the earth's crust, that is, at the bottom of the lakes, rivers, oceans.
3. Metamorphic fields were formed at a sufficient depth from the surface of the Earth under the action of high pressure and the same temperatures.

Iron RUD stocks in the country

Russia is rich in various fields. The largest in the world is containing almost 50% of all world stocks. In this region, it was noted already in the XVIII century, but the development of deposits began only in the 30s of the last century. RUD reserves in this high metal content pool, they are measured by billions of tons, and production is carried out open or underground method.

Baccharian Iron Rud deposit, which is one of the largest in the country and the world, openly in the 60s of the last century. The reserves of ore in it with a concentration of pure iron up to 60% are about 30 billion tons.

In the Krasnoyarsk Territory is the Abagas deposit - with magnetite ores. It was openly in the 1930s of the last century, but it began to be developed only after half a century. In the northern and southern zones of the basin, extraction is carried out in an open way, and the exact amount of reserves is 73 million tons.

Opened back in 1856, it is still valid by the Abakan deposit of iron ores. At first, the development was carried out in an open way, and from the 60s of the XX century - underground method at a depth of 400 meters. The content of pure metal in ore reaches 48%.

Ore nickel

What is nickel ore? Mineral education, which are used for industrial production of this metal, are called nickel ores. Sulfide copper-nickels are found with a pure metal content to four percent and silicate nickel ores, which is a similar indicator of up to 2.9%. The first type of deposits is usually a magmatic type, and silicate ores are in places of weathelation of weathering.

The development of the nickel industry in Russia is associated with the development of their location in the Middle Urals in the middle of the XIX century. Almost 85% of sulfide deposits are concentrated in the Norilsk region. Rate at the Taimyr on the wealth of reserves and a variety of minerals is the largest and most unique in the world, there are 56 elements of the Mendeleev table in them. According to the quality of nickel ore, Russia is not inferior to other countries, the advantage is that they contain additionally rare elements.

At the Kola Peninsula, about ten percent of nickel resources in sulphide fields are concentrated, and silicate deposits are being developed on the Middle and South Urals.

Russia's ores are characterized by the amount and diversity necessary for industrial use. However, at the same time, they differ complex natural conditions Production, uneven accommodation in the country, incompatibility of the region for the placement of resources with the density of the population.

Ore

Ruda vulnual - Local, Siberian, the name of the ladlety lead-zinc ore from the polymetallic fields of East Transbaikalia. It is characterized by frequent alternation of thin strips of sulfide minerals and carbonates. It is formed by selective substitution by sphalerite and a galvanite of crystalline limestone and severe dolomites.

Ruda Woundshaw - consisting of boulders or wreckage of the useful component (for example; brown railway, bauxite, phosphoritate) and loose of the imperative accommodating rock.

Ruda Pushed - consisting of a prevailing, empty (accommodating) rock, in which more or less evenly distributed (enclosed) ore minerals in the form of individual grains, curves of grains and streaks. Often, such inclusions are accompanied by large bodies of solid ores, forming haloes around them, and also form independent, often very large deposits, for example, deposits of porphy-level copper (Cu) ores. Synonym: Rud scattered.

Ruda Gallium - Secondary zinc ore, consisting mainly from Kalamin and Smitstonitis. Characteristic for the zone of oxidation of zinc deposits in carbonate rocks.

Ore pea - A variety of legume ores.

Ore ferry - loose, sometimes crafted, part of porous formations, consisting clay formation from limonite with an admixture of other hydrates of iron (Fe) oxide hydrates and a variable amount of iron compounds with phosphoric, humus and silicic acids. The soda and clay and clay. It is formed to the surface with underground waters with the participation of microorganisms in the tops and on wet meadows and represent the second horizon of swamp and meadow soils. Synonym: ore meadow.

Ore busty - represented by ore gaps. It is found among sedimentary iron (limonite), phosphorite and some other deposits.

Ore Cocardova (Ring) - with a cocardic texture. See texture ore Cokardova

Ruda complex - Complexed ore from which several metals or beneficial components are extracted with economic benefits, for example, copper-nickel ore, from which can be removed, except nickel and copper, cobalt, platinum metals, gold, silver, selenium , Telllur, sulfur.

Ore meadow - Synonym for the term ore ferry.

Ore massive - Synonym for the term ore solid.

Metal ore - ore, in which a useful component is a metal used by industry. It is contrasted with non-metallic ores, for example, phosphorus, barite, etc.

Milonitated ore - fragmented and thin-travesty ore, sometimes with a parallel texture. It is formed in crushing zones and on the planes of the heads and discharges.

Ore moneta - accumulations of small cake-shaped nodules of iron oxides or iron and manganese oxides at the bottom of the lakes; Used as iron ore. The ores of the mint are timed to the lakes of the Taezhnaya zone in the distribution areas of ancient eroded (destroyed) erupted rocks and the widespread development of a flat relief with a multitude of swamp.

Ore lake - iron (limonit) ore, pending at the bottom of the lakes. Similar to marsh ores. Wides in the lakes of the northern part of Russia. See ore bean.

Oxidized ore - ore of the near-surface part (oxidation zone) of sulfide deposits, resulting from oxidation of primary ores.

Ore olith - consisting of small rounded concentric-heel il radial-radial formations, so on. Oolithov. A common structural type of iron ores, in which the ore minerals are silicates from the chlorite group (shamuzite, thurriage) or siderite, hematite, lymonitis, sometimes magnetite, which are often present together, sometimes with the predominance of one of these minerals. Olithite addition is characteristic and for ores a lot of bauxite deposits.

Ore sedimentary iron - See breed sedimentary glands

Ore ospane - A variety of engaged magnetite ores in shenitic rocks in the Urals. Local term.

Ore Primary - not subjected to later changes.

Ruda recrystallized - undergoing in the process of metamorphism transformation of mineral composition, textures and structures without changing chemical composition.

Polymetallic ore - containing lead, zinc and usually copper, and as constant impurities silver, gold and often cadmium, indium, gallium and some other rare metals.

Ore harsh - consisting of thin layers (bands), substantially differing in composition, on the size of grain or in quantitative relations of minerals.

Ruda Porphional Copper (or Copper-Porphyova) - the formation of sulphide-cross-lined and rescued copper copper and molybdenum-mining ores in highly chipped hypabissious moderate granite and subvulcanic porphyry intrusions and the accomplishing effusive, tufiogenic and metasomatic rocks. Ores are represented by pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalkosin, less often by bins, globular ores, molybdenite. The copper content is usually low, on average 0.5-1%. In the absence of or very small content of molybdenum, they are developed only in the zones of secondary sulfide enrichment, with a content of 0.8-1.5% copper. Increased molybdenum contents make it possible to develop the copper ores of the primary zone. Due to the large sizes of the ore deposits, porphyry are one of the main industrial types of copper and molybdenum ores.

Ruda Nennologized - Laterite iron ore with more significant than usual, content, nickel, cobalt, manganese, chromium, etc. Metals that attach increased quality - alloying - its processing (iron, steel) was paid from such ores).

Radioactive ore - contains metals of radioactive elements (uranium, radium, thorium)

Ore collapsible - From which manual disassembly or elementary enrichment (screaming, flushing, wire, etc.), you can select a useful component in a clean or highly concentrated form.

Ruda scattered - Synonym for the term of ore enclosed.

Ore ordinary - 1. The usual average ore of this field, 2. ORD in the form in which it comes from mountain workouts to picking or enrichment. 3. Private ore in opposition to the concept of ore collapsible.

Ore sage - finely dispersed rubber masses of black, consisting of secondary oxides (telorite) and copper sulphides - Covenlin and Halcosin, which are generated in the area of \u200b\u200bsecondary sulfide enrichment, and represent a rich copper ore.

Ore stafdow - pieces (pieces) of the usual rich ore, not requiring enrichment.

Ore endogenic - See minerals (ore) endogenous.

Some of the ore minerals

• Beryl, BE 3 AL (SiO 3) 6
• Halcopyritis (Copper Peregnedan), Cufes 2

see also

Literature

Geological Dictionary, T. 1. - m .: Subraz, 1978. - P. 193-194.

Links

• Definition of ore on the site "Mountain Encyclopedia"

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Watch what is "ore" in other dictionaries:

The struggle and collision of homonyms were not always completed by the elimination of one of them. In these cases, the inconvenience of homonymy was eliminated by the sinister of the appropriate word, its disappearance. The question of the reasons that caused a stupidity of some ... ... the story of words

Dial. Also in meaning. Blood, Arkhang. (Pitch.), Ukr. ore ore; Blood, BLR. ore dirt, blood, art. Slav Round έέταλλον (sup.), Bulg. ore ore, serboorv. Ore - the same as described. Ruda is the same, Cesh., Fitttle, Polish. Ruda ore, c. pudded, n. Ludu ... ... ... Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language Max Fasmer

1. ore, s; ore; g. Natural mineral raw materials containing metals or their connections. Iron r. Copper p. Polymetallic ores. The percentage of copper in ore. ◁ Rudnya, Aya, OE. Rynes fossils. Rye deposits. Rying gallery. R OE ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary